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정수용,신현식,최대혁 국제거래법학회 2013 國際去來法硏究 Vol.22 No.1
FIDIC (acronym for its French name Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs Conseils, and its English name is International Federation of Consulting Engineers) produces various international standard forms of contract for construction projects based on the apportionment of risks between an employer and a contractor and the party which will bear the uncertain risks arising out of a construction project. Due to the use increase of the FIDIC contract terms by domestic construction companies, many studies on the terms of the FIDIC standard forms of contract already exist. However, most of the studies consist of the differences in the individual standard forms of contracts and matters to be considered with respect to the management of construction projects or the apportionment of risks, and the number of studies analyzing the legal issues of each of the clauses in the FIDIC contracts appears to be small. The purpose of this article is to examine the matters to be considered when the FIDIC standard forms of contracts are used by Korean construction companies. For such purpose, we have first examined which terms and conditions of the various available FIDIC standard forms of contract should be used based on the current status and use of the FIDIC standard forms of contract by the domestic construction companies, and have then examined the matters to be considered under each of the standard terms and conditions of the FIDIC contracts such as claim, force majeure, defect liability, etc. Moreover, we have sought to enhance the understanding of the FIDIC contracts by performing an analysis on how the FIDIC terms and conditions may be interpreted when such terms and conditions interact with the governing law and the law of the place of arbitration and by conducting a comparison of the relevant clauses in the construction contracts used in Korea and the FIDIC terms and conditions. Although the FIDIC standard terms and conditions are not necessarily directly used in international construction contracts, depending on the type of the construction project, there are a number of cases where the parties would conduct negotiations on the terms and conditions of a contract after selecting the appropriate FIDIC standard terms and conditions, and then to use a modified version of the relevant contract. As such, even if the FIDIC contracts are used, since the number of cases in which the standard terms and conditions are used in their as is and where is condition is small, the special conditions must be thoroughly reviewed. Further, as the governing law, the regulations of the country of construction and the regulations of the expected place of arbitration all interact with each other, such laws and regulations have an impact on the interpretation of the FIDIC contracts. Irrespective of whether the laws of a third country have been selected as the governing law, there may be cases in which the mandatory rules of the country of construction may be applicable even if such cases do not constitute exceptions under which certain provisions of the FIDIC are invalidated. Therefore, it would be desirable, if possible, to confirm with a local legal professional as to whether there exist any mandatory rules which may be in conflict with the FIDIC contracts in the country of construction even in cases where the governing law has been selected through a familiar method, by using the FIDIC standard terms and conditions.
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로컬 차분 프라이버시 실제 적용 사례연구 : 프라이버시 보존형 설문조사
정수용,홍도원,서창호 한국정보보호학회 2020 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.30 No.1
Differential privacy, which used to collect and analysis data and preserve data privacy, has been applied widely in dataprivacy preserving data application. Local differential privacy algorithm which is the local model of differential privacy isused to user who add noise to his data himself with randomized response by self and release his own data. So, user can bepreserved his data privacy and data analyst can make a statistical useful data by collected many data. Local differentialprivacy method has been used by global companies which are Google, Apple and Microsoft to collect and analyze datafrom users. In this paper, we compare and analyze the local differential privacy methods which used in practically. Andthen, we study applicability that applying the local differential privacy method in survey or opinion poll scenario inpractically. 차분 프라이버시는 데이터 프라이버시를 보존함과 동시에 데이터를 수집 및 분석할 수 있는 기법으로써 프라이버시 보존형 데이터 활용 분야에서 널리 적용되고 있다. 이러한 차분 프라이버시의 지역적 모델인 로컬 차분 프라이버시 알고리즘은 무작위 응답을 기반으로 데이터 소유자가 직접 데이터를 가공 처리하여 공개한다. 따라서 개인은 데이터 프라이버시를 보장받을 수 있으며, 데이터 분석가는 수집된 다수의 데이터를 통해 유용한 통계적 결과값을 도출할 수 있다. 이러한 로컬 차분 프라이버시 기법은 세계적 기업인 Google, Apple, Microsoft에서 실질적으로 사용자의 데이터를 수집 및 분석할 때 활용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현실에 실질적으로 활용되고 있는 로컬 차분 프라이버시 기법에 대해 비교분석한다. 또한, 실제 적용 사례 연구로써 개인의 프라이버시가 결과의 신뢰성에 큰 영향을 미치는 설문 및 여론조사 시나리오를 기반으로 로컬 차분 프라이버시 기법을 적용하여 현실에서의 활용 가능성에대해 연구한다.
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정수용,홍도원,서창호 한국정보과학회 2019 정보과학회논문지 Vol.46 No.2
Key exchange is one of the major aspects in cryptography. Recently, compared to the existing key exchange schemes, more efficient key exchange schemes have been proposed based on neural network learning. After the first key exchange scheme based on neural network was proposed, various attack models have been suggested in security analysis. Hebbian learning rule is vulnerable to majority attack which is the most powerful attack. Anti Hebbian learning rule is secure against majority attack has a limitation in efficiency, so we can only use key exchange scheme based on random walk learning rule which is more secure and efficient than the others. However, if we use random walk learning rule, the efficiency which is advantage about neural cryptography is reduced than the other learning rules. In this paper we analyze random walk and neural cryptography, and we propose new learning rule which is more efficient than existing random walk learning rule. Also, we theoretically analyze about key exchange scheme which is uses new learning rule and verify the efficiency and security by implementing majority attack model. 키교환 문제는 암호학에서 중요한 관심사 중 하나이다. 최근 신경망 학습을 기반으로, 기존의 키 교환 방식보다 효율적인 키교환 기법들이 제안되었다. 최초의 신경망 기반 키교환 기법이 제안된 이후 많은 안전성 분석과 공격 기법들이 연구되었다. 공격들 중 가장 강력한 다수 공격(Majority attack)에 대해 기존에 제안된 헤비안 학습(Hebbian learning)은 취약점이 존재한다. 다수 공격에 안전한 안티 헤비안 학습(Anti Hebbian learning)은 효율성에 한계가 존재하며, 결론적으로 랜덤 워크 학습(Random walk learning)에 기반한 신경망 암호만이 안전하고 효율적인 방법으로 우리가 사용할 수 있음이 보여졌다. 하지만 랜덤 워크 학습을 사용하면 신경망 암호의 장점인 효율성이 다른 학습을 사용하는 것보다 감소한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기존의 랜덤 워크 학습과 이를 사용한 신경망 암호에 대해 분석하고, 이것을 바탕으로 기존의 랜덤 워크 학습보다 효율적인 새로운 방식의 학습을 제안한다. 또한, 새로운 학습을 사용한 키교환 기술에 대한 이론적 분석과 더불어 다수 공격을 직접 구현하여 제안 방식의 효율성과 안전성을 검증한다.
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인트라넷을 통한 클라이언트-서버 시스템의 웹 기반 시스템으로의 구현: H사의 구축사례를 중심으로
정수용,윤석민,김낙현,Chung, Soo-Young,Yoon, Seok-Min,Kim, Nak-Hyun 대한산업공학회 1997 산업공학 Vol.10 No.3
With the enormous growth of the Internet, an increasing number of people in corporations use the Internet for communicating with the outside world, for gathering information, and for doing business. Internet technology may have its greatest impact not on general culture, but rather on corporations. It has already begun to revolutionize the way that companies operate and do business. When Internet technology is applied and used inside a corporation, and open only to its employees, it is referred to as an Intranet. The same technologies that underlie corporate Intranets form the basis of the larger Internet. The benefit of Intranet is 1) low construction cost 2) easy system management 3) friendly user interface 4) OS and H/W independent, etc. This paper provides the concept of Internet and Intranet, compares client/server and Intranet environment, and propose case study of implementation from client/server to Intranet environment.
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