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탈냉전기 미중 관계와 북한의 대외전략: 전략적 삼각관계와 핵보유국 지위 추구
정성철 국방대학교 국가안전보장문제연구소 2023 국방연구 Vol.66 No.3
탈냉전기 북한의 대외전략을 어떻게 이해할 수 있는가? 2018-9년 일련의 남북·북미·북중 정상회담 이후 북한의 도발은 왜 급증했는가? 본 연구는 제1차 북핵위기 이후 북중미 삼각관계의 틀 속에서 북한의 대외전략을 핵보유국 지위 추구의 관점에서 추적하고 분석한다. 탈냉전기 본격적으로 핵개발을 추진한 북한은 2012년 핵보유를 공식화하였고 2017년 핵무력 완성을 선언하였다. 제1기(1995-2012) 북한은 자국을 압박하는 미중 연대(안정적 결혼)를 우려한 가운데 “숨기기” 핵개발 전략을 채택하였다. 제2기(2013-2017) 북한은 두 강대국 간 긴장으로 반북연대의 가능성이 작아지자 핵능력 고도화를 위한 “전력질주”를 감행했다. 제3기(2018-현재) 북한은 심화한 미중 갈등을 활용해 자국이 중추인 삼각관계를 겨냥한 가운데 핵보유국 지위를 적극적으로 추구하였다. 하지만 하노이 북미 정상회담(2019)이 결렬되자 북한은 미국이 주도하는 국제사회에 대한 비난 속에 북중연합의 강화에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 앞으로 미중 강대국 경쟁 속 북중미 삼각관계의 시나리오는 세 가지 - (1) ‘반미 북중연합’, (2) ‘반중 북미연합’, (3) ‘대북 미중경쟁’ - 이다. 현재는 ‘자유주의 대 권위주의’ 구도의 부상 속에 북중연대가 강화되고 있으나, 전략적 삼각관계의 전환 가능성은 항상 열려있다. This study aims to explain North Korea’s foreign policies in the post-Cold War era with a focus on the triangular relationship between North Korea, China, and the United States. Since the first North Korean crisis, Pyongyang has sought the status of a nuclear weapon state by declaring its possession of nuclear weapons and its completion of nuclear capabilities. During a period of U.S.-China cooperation (1995-2012), North Korea pursued a “hiding” strategy to develop nuclear weapons without disruption from the outside. When the tension between the great powers increased (2013-2017), North Korea adopted a “sprinting” strategy, striving to strengthen its nuclear and missile capabilities to target foreign powers. As the U.S.-China rivalry intensifies (2018-present), the Kim regime seeks to utilize strategic space to achieve its status as a nuclear weapon state, first by holding summits with U.S. President Trump and then by strengthening its traditional relationship with China. In the coming decades Pyongyang’s continuing frustration over the failure to be recognized as a nuclear weapon state may revitalize its strategies to redirect its relationship with foreign powers, including the United States and South Korea.
정성철,이일형 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2013 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.19 No.2
The acception for the specialized architectural capacity has been required by the accredited professional institutes such as UVCAE(UNESCO-UIA Validation Council for Architectural Education) according to the latest international tendency of the architectural education. Finally this trend founds the KAAB(Korea Architectural Accreditation Board) in Korea. Therefore 4-year-programmed university of Korea has been transformed course architectural education institute since 2002. With the start of this, there is an establishment of 72 programs for 5-year-course the architectural education institute and 5 programs for architectural graduate school in 2013. In accordance with the revision of architectural laws mentioned by Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs, they need an approval for the certified institute of 5-year-course. For the qualification to get approved as an registered architect, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology also asks more professional education in all kinds of fields, likewise, there are many demands for educational accrediting systems. Therefore, this study has an aim to accept these tendencies of changed circumstance for architectural education and to prepare the accreditation of ‘Korea Architectural Accrediting Board’ for five-year-course architectural education at Dept. of Architecture in Soonchunhyang University. This study mainly survey The Architecture Program Report and the regulation of ‘Korea Architectural Accrediting Board’ as a comparative research. This process of research is to find requirements of accrediting regulation characteristics and help to prepare an accreditation for 5-year-course architectural education systems at Dept. of Architecture in Soonchunhyang University. This study has an aim to help both program formation at Dept. of Architecture in Soonchunhyang University and approval for the certified institute of 5-year-course. The following contents of paper is detailed analysis of the accreditation of architectural education program at SunMoon University and the result of analyzed characteristicits in its architecture Program Report.