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정동효,유진영 한국농화학회 1989 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.32 No.3
A bacterium synthesizing extracellular polysaccharide was isolated from soil and identified as Enterobacter agglomerans. The polysaccharide was found to be glucan polymer containing glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1 : 1.1. The aqueous solution was very viscous. The viscosity of 1% solution was 264 mPa.s. at 42 sec^(-1) and yield stress was 4.89 Pa. The polysaccharide solution did not have thermal stability but pH and salt stability.
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정동효,백영진,김상교,신정걸,허재관 한국낙농학회 1992 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.14 No.3
하절기인 91년 8월 하순부터 5주에 걸쳐, 시판중인 국내 농후발효유 11개회사의 28품목을 수집해 효모에 의한 오염검사와 분리배지 및 분리방법을 비교시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 총 385개 시료에서의 팽창률은 23% 였으며 복숭아와 열대과일제품이 딸기나 살구제품보다 팽창률이 상대적으로 높았고 제조회사별로도 0∼100%의 큰 차이를 보였다. 2. 산이나 항생물질을 첨가한 배지에서의 효모검출수는 기존의 분리배지와 비교할때 별로 큰차이가 없었으나 세균증식의 억제효과는 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그중에서도 콜로니 크기에 영향을 주지않는 항생물질 첨가배지가 바람직하다고 생각되며, 분산평판법에 의한 것이 주입평판법에 의한 것보다 효모검출수나 콜로니 크기에서 우수하였다. Studies on the swelling of stirred yogurt, isolating media and methods for detection of yeasts in stirred yogurt were carried out on 28 brand of 11 companies. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Among the 385 samples examined, 23% were swelled. Swelling rate of strawberry and apricot yogurts were relatively higher than peach and tropical fruits yogurts. 2. No significant differences were observed in 9 different media for the numbers of yeasts isolated. Acidified media and antibiotic supplemented ones suppressed growth of bacteria. Higher yeast counts and larger colony sizes were obtained in the spread plating technique than in the pour plating technique.
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Myriococcum albomyces 가 생산하는 Cellulase 에 관한 연구
정동효 한국농화학회 1971 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.14 No.1
As a study on the cellulase of Myriococcum albomyces the culture media for enzyme formation and properties of its crude preparation were investigated and the crude enzyme preparation was further fractionated. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Wheat bran solid culture produced stronger activities of cellulase than rice bran or defatted soy bean meal solid culture. 2. Shaking culture with wheat bran, rice bran or defatted soy bean meal produced higher cellulase activities than solid culture with the corresponding media. 3. The enzyme formation was higher at 45℃ than at 37℃ or 50℃ regardless of the kind of culture medium. 4. The formation of CMCase activity was more promoted by organic nitrogen source than inorganic nitrogen source. 5. The formation of cellulase activities were increased 1.5 to 3.0-fold by adding CMC, Avicel or cellulose powder as an inducer into 5% wheat bran basal medium. 6. Cellulase production using a tank culture procedure with addition of CMC or Avicel as an inducer was the highest at fifth day and thereafter decreased slightly. 7. The crude enzyme preparation showed pH optimum in 4.0 to 4.5, and pH stability in the range of 3.5 to 8.0. Optimum temperature for the activity was 65℃ which was higher than among other cellulases and it was stable at 60℃ for 120 minutes. 8. Dialyzed crude enzyme was activated by Ca^(++) and Mg^(++), but inhibited by Hg^(++), Cu^(++) and Ag^+. 9. Four different types of cellulase, i. e., fraction I, fraction II-a, fraction II-b, and fraction III were purified from the culture filtrate of Myriococcum albomyces through a sequence of ammonium sulfate fractionation, and elution chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-25, Amberlite CG-25 type 2 and hydroxyapatite columns. 10. These four cellulase fractions were showed to be homogenous by electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation and also gave a typical ultraviolet absorption spectrum of protein. 11. Four purified fraction showed different specificity toward substrates, fraction I has a stronger activity toward Avicel, cellulose powder, and gauze than that of other cellulase fractions. Fraction II-a had a powerful activity toward cellobiose but it was almost inactive agaisnt fibrous cellulose contrary to fraction I. On the contrary, the main component fraction II-b had a fairly higher activity on CMC and Avicel. Activity of fraction II-b toward cellobiose was about one-third of that of fraction II-a and activity on Avicel was lower than that of fraction I. Fraction III had a more powerful activity in decreasing viscosity of CMC. 12. Final hydrolysis products of fibrous cellulose by each fraction were cellobiose and glucose. Whereas oligosaccharides were predominant in the early stage of hydrolysis, prolonged reaction produced more glucose than cellobiose. Fraction I and fraction II-a acted synergically on Avicel. 13. Optimum pH for the activities of cellulase fraction I, fraction II-a, fraction II-b and fraction III were found to be 5.5, 5.0, 4.0 and 4.0∼4.5, respectively. These fractions were found to be stable in the range of pH 3.0∼7.5. 14. Optimum temperature for the activities of fraction I, fraction II-a, fraction II-b, and fraction III were 50℃, 55℃, 60℃ and 55℃, respectively. No less of activity was found by heating 120 minutes at 55℃ and fraction II-a was more stable than the others at 60℃. 15. Fraction I and fraction II-b were activated by Ca^(++) and Mg^(++) but inhibited by Hg^(++) and Ag^+.
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정동효,한면수,이기성,심상국 한국콩연구회 1991 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.8 No.1
토양 시료로 부터 선별과정을 거쳐 대두유를 응고시킬 수 있는 extracellular 대두응고효소를 생산하는 균주를 분리하고 분리 세균 K-324-7균주에 의한 효소생산의 확인과 형태적 생리적 성질을 조사한 결과 Bacillus cereus로 동정되었다. Bacillus K-324-7 분리균이 생산하는 대두유 응고효소는 황산 암모늄 0.8포화 용액에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, 최적활성 pH는 6.1이며, 최적활성온도는 70℃이었다. 또한 pH 안정성은 pH 6.0∼0.7 사이에서 안정하였고 열안정성은 50℃ 이하의 온도에서 안정하였다. 한편 대두유 응고효소의 생산 배양조건을 검토한 결과 탄소원은 glucose 0.2%, 질소원은 peptone 0.2%, 무기염온 KH₂PO₄0.5% pH는 6.5, 배양 온도는 35℃로 배양기간은 3일 정도가 적당하였으며, 그 이상 배양하면 생성된 효소의 활성이 감소됨을 알 수 있었다
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