생성형 인공지능 시대를 맞이하는학습분석학의 적응적 진화

정겨운,조일현 한국교육공학회 2023 교육공학연구 Vol.39 No.4

The influence of artificial intelligence (AI) technology on education has been substantial, with generative AI, notably ChatGPT based on large language models (LLMs), standing out as a noteworthy development. ChatGPT’s proficiency in comprehending natural language semantics and syntax, generating coherent text, and engaging in context-specific dialogues introduces transformative possibilities for education. Its adeptness in intricate interactions with learners suggests that analyzing these interactions can serve as a catalyst for examining individual learning experiences, thereby fostering the evolution of learning analytics. In this context, this research aims to explore the changes in the educational landscape brought about by the adoption of generative AI from a learning analytics perspective and propose directions for its adaptive evolution. To achieve this, we investigated the interaction mechanisms between humans and ChatGPT, seeking to understand the unique characteristics of their engagements. Through this exploration, we identified explanatory possibilities for phenomena that traditional learning analytics could not elucidate and proposed directions for the adaptive evolution of learning analytics, encompassing descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive aspects. This paper is anticipated to contribute to the comprehension of new educational paradigms induced by generative AI, offering insights for more effective, efficient, and engaging instructional design in educational settings where generative AI is integrated.

대인관계 불만족과 인터넷 게임 중독의 관계에서 게임 이용 동기의 매개효과: 성별 간 차이

정겨운,정호진,이인혜 한국건강심리학회 2017 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mediating effects of gaming motivation(achievement, escapism, and aggression) in the relationship of interpersonal dissatisfaction and internet gaming addiction. We analyzed gender-based data(N = 487: 378 males, 109 females) collected in online communities. Our results showed that interpersonal dissatisfaction directly and indirectly affected internet gaming disorder in male subjects. Specifically, escapism mediated the relationship between interpersonal satisfaction and internet gaming disorder. On the other hands, only the direct effect of interpersonal satisfaction on internet gaming addiction was significant amongst the female subjects. In other words, dissatisfactory interpersonal relationship increased addictive internet gaming use and the motivation for escaping reality in both genders, but an increased gaming motivation for escapism reality affected gaming addiction only amongst males. These results suggest that the gender difference in the degree of satisfying the desires by playing games might be one of the factors yielding the difference in the prevalence of internet game addiction between the genders. This study is an early attempt to investigate the mediating effect of gaming motivation as the cause of gaming addiction, and might be useful to design a strategy for the treatment and prevention of internet gaming addiction. 본 연구는 인터넷 게임 중독의 대표적인 위험 요인 중 하나인 대인관계 불만족이 인터넷 게임 중독에 미치는 영향에 있어 게임 이용 동기(성취동기, 현실도피동기, 공격동기)의 매개 효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 온라인 커뮤니티에서 인터넷 게임을 한다고 보고한 487명(남자 378 명, 여자 109명)의 자료를 분석했다. 그 결과 남성의 경우 대인 관계 만족도는 인터넷 게임 중독에미치는 직접 효과 외에, 현실 도피 동기를 매개하여 게임 중독에 영향을 미치는 간접 효과 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 여성은 대인 관계 만족도의 직접 효과만 유의미했다. 구체적으로 남성의 경우 불만족스런 대인 관계 경험이 인터넷 게임 중독에 취약하게 할뿐더러, 현실에 대한 도피욕구를 증가시키고, 이 욕구가 게임을 통해 충족됨에 따라 중독 심각성이 높아졌으나, 여성의 경우대인 관계 불만족이 중독적인 인터넷 게임 사용을 야기하고, 현실 도피 동기를 증가시켰으나, 현실도피 동기의 상승이 게임 중독에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 이러한 결과는 성별에 따라 인터넷 게임중독의 양상이 다르게 나타나는데 있어, 욕구를 해소하는 방식에서의 차이가 인터넷 게임 유병률에서의 성차를 야기한 요인으로 기능했을 가능성을 시사한다. 본 연구는 현실에서 겪는 불만족스런경험이 과도한 게임사용을 야기하는데 있어 게임 이용 동기의 영향력을 확인한 초기의 시도이며, 게임 중독의 치료와 예방을 위한 전략 설계에 도움이 될 것이라 기대한다.

The Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Proliferation and Release of Growth Factors from Periodontal Ligament Cells

정겨운,이선경,지숙,방은경 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2015 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.12 No.6

Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) play an important role in the regeneration of periodontium. The healing potential of PDLCs may be due to the high concentration of growth factors in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In this study, the effects of PRP on the proliferation and activation of PDLCs and growth factor release from PDLCs were investigated. PDLCs were isolated from third molars or premolars of healthy patients. Whole blood was obtained from healthy volunteers for the preparation of activated PRP. The platelet concentration in PRP was measured and the amount of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB, PDGF-BB, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of activated PRP on PDLC proliferation, attachment, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and growth factor release were investigated. Platelet concentration was increased 5.41-fold in PRP compared to whole blood. PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, and VEGF were detected in PRP at concentrations of 273.38 ng/mL, 47.0 ng/mL, 168.42 ng/mL, and 510.56 pg/mL, respectively. PDLCs cultured with ≥10% PRP showed significantly increased cell proliferation and ALP activity compared to the control (p<0.05). PDLCs cultured with 10% PRP also presented higher cell attachment and increased release of TGF-β1 and VEGF compared to the control (p<0.05). PRP can deliver high concentrations of growth factors to a defect site to increase the proliferation, attachment, and ALP activity of PDLCs. These results suggest that PRP might effectively contribute to periodontal regeneration.

MMORPG 이용자들의 게임 이용 동기와 인터넷 게임 중독의 사이에서 게임 내 행동의 매개 효과

정겨운,정호진,이인혜 한국건강심리학회 2018 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.23 No.2

One of the main reasons for internet gaming addiction could be the hedonic experiences it provides the gamer. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of gaming motivation on a reinforcement mechanism, explaining internet gaming addiction (gaming motivation → in-game behavior → internet gaming addiction). We performed a path analysis using data from 259 Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game users. The results of this study are as follows. First, gaming addiction was positively affected by the motivation for escapism and aggression and negatively affected by motivation for achievement. Second, higher motivation for escapism and aggression decreased in-game helping behaviors, resulting in increased gaming addiction, while higher motivation to play a game with friends increased in-game helping behaviors, resulting in decreased gaming addiction. Third, higher motivation for aggression and friendship increased in-game aggressive behaviors, leading to increased gaming addiction. Finally, higher motivation for aggression increased working behaviors related to earning game money, resulting in increased gaming addiction. By simultaneously considering gaming motivation and in-game behaviors, the results of this study indicate the reinforcement mechanism for internet gaming addiction. 본 연구는 어떤 동기를 가진 개인이 실제 행동을 통한 욕구의 충족 또는 해소로써 강화를 받아 중독으로 이어질 수 있는지를 알아보고자 했다. 구체적으로 게임 이용 동기가 직접적으로, 혹은 특정 게임 내 행동을 야기하여 중독에 영향을 미치는지, 구체적인 경로를 발견하는 것에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 게임 이용 동기(도전성취동기, 오락소일동기, 교우동기, 현실도피동기, 공격동기)와 인터넷 게임 중독의 관계에서 게임 이용 동기의 직접 효과와 게임 내 행동(PvP행동, 돕기행동, 집단사냥행동, 몰입행동, 핵심행동, 돈(게임 머니)에 관련된 작업행동)을 매개하는 간접 효과를 조사했다. 온라인에서 MMORPG 게임 이용자 259명(남자 200명, 여자 59명)이 설문 응답한 자료를 이용하여 경로 분석을 수행했다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현실도피 동기 및 공격 동기가 높을수록 게임 중독 수준이 높았지만, 도전성취 동기가 높을수록 중독 수준이 낮았다. 둘째, 현실도피 동기 및 공격 동기가 높을수록 타인을 돕는 행동을 적게 하고 중독 수준이 높았지만 반면, 교우동기가 높을수록 타인을 돕는 행동을 더 많이 했고 중독의 수준도 낮은 것이 발견되었다. 셋째, 교우 동기 및 공격 동기가 높을수록 타인을 공격하는 행동을 더 많이 했으며 중독 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 공격 동기가 높을수록 돈(게임 머니)과 관련된 작업 행동을 더 많이 하고 중독 수준이 높은 것으로 발견되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 이전엔 고려하지 않았던 게임 내 행동 변인을 이용하여 게임 이용 동기에서 중독으로 가는 구체적 경로를 밝혔고, 게임 중독의 치료적 대안과 공격적 행위(시체 캠핑, 저렙 학살, 트롤링, 욕설 등)의 제재 강화의 필요성을 시사했다는 데 의의가 있다.

주요 수입 수산물이 국내산 수산물 가격에 미치는 영향 분석

정겨운,김봉태 한국해양수산개발원 2021 해양정책연구 Vol.36 No.1

In the process of pursuing a single open market for the international economy, the Korean fisheries industry also embraced globalization early on. In order to maintain Korea's fishery industry, which has been liberalized in the global trade system so far, it is necessary to accurately grasp the impact of imported fishery products on domestic fishery products. Therefore, this study confirmed how imports of major fishery products for 15 years after the conclusion of the Korea-Chile FTA, Korea's first FTA, affect the price system of domestic fishery products. As a result, the substitution relationship between imported products and domestic products was clearly shown in shrimp. However, imported squid and small octopus seem to have made up for the insufficient supply in the domestic market.

자세 변화에 따른 기능적 활동이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능과 일상생활동작에 미치는 효과

정겨운,백지영,이성아 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2012 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.51 No.1

This study aimed to the effects of upper extremity function and activities of daily living of stroke patients on functional activities according to posture changes. Thirty stroke patients with a duration longer than 6 months who were divided into two groups of 15 patients each selected randomly according to selection criteria. Functional activities in standing and sitting postures were conducted for 8 weeks with them. FMA and CMS-10 were used to study the upper extremity function, while posture changes in ADL were measured using MBI and MAL, and the study results are as follows. Comparisons of upper extremity function and activities of daily living of stroke patients after functional activites according to posture hanges indicated significant differences for each group(p < .05). FMA, CMS-10, MBI, MAL used to study changes in functional movement of upper extremity for two groups, there was a significant difference between the two groups(p < .05). In conclusion, these results suggest that it can be seen that functional activities in the standing posture had effects on enhancement in upper extremity function and activities of daily living of stroke patients. Therefore it may be concluded of daily living of stroke patients. that functional activities in the standing posture applied to stroke patients is one of the effective methods of treatment for upper extremity function and activities 본 연구는 자세 변화에 따른 기능적 활동이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능과 일상생활동작에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 대상자 선정 기준에 맞는 뇌졸중 환자 30명을 각각 15명씩 무작위로 나누어 선 자세와 앉은 자세에서의 기능적 활동을 1일 1회, 30분씩, 주 5회, 총 8주간 실시하였다. 대상자의 상지 기능을 알아보기 위해 FMA와 CMS-10를 사용하였고, 일상생활동작의 수행능력은 MBI와 MAL을 사용하여 측정 하였으며 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 자세 변화에 따른 기능적 활동 후 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능에서 선 자세군은 상지의 기능적 움직임, 운동각, 운동범위에서 유의한 차이가 있었고(p < .05), 일상생활동작의 변화는 두 군 모두 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p < .05), 상지의 기능적 움직임 및 운동각, 운동범위, 일상생활동작의 전후 변화량은 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < .05). 본 연구를 통하여 선 자세에서의 기능적 활동은 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능과 일상생활동작을 증진시키는 데 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 뇌졸중 환자에게 적용한 선 자세에서의 기능적 활동은 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능 및 일상생활동작에 효과적인 치료방법 중의 하나라고 할 수 있다.

Effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the proliferation and the release of growth factors of human periodontal ligament cells

정겨운,방은경,Jung, Gyu-Un,Pang, Eun-Kyoung The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2016 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.54 No.3

목적: 치주조직재생을 위해서는 치주인대세포의 증식 및 이주를 촉진시키는 것이 필수적이나 현재까지 이것을 만족시키는 재생술식은 없다. 최근 법랑기질유도체(enamel matrix derivatives)가 치주조직 재생 술식에 적용되고 있으나 그 기전에 대해서는 완전히 알려지지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 법랑기질유도체가 치주인대세포의 증식과 성장인자 발현에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 함이다. 재료 및 방법: 건강한 성인의 제 3 대구치로부터 치주인대세포를 추출한 후, 법랑기질유도체(Emdogain (Biora, Malmo, Sweden))의 농도가 각각 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and $200{\mu}g/mL$인 배지에서 배양시켰다. 치주인대 세포증식과 알칼리성 인산분해효소(alkaline phosphatase) 활성도를 측정하고, 발현되는 성장인자를 평가하였다. 결과: 치주인대세포의 세포증식은 $25{\mu}g/mL$이상의 농도의 법랑기질유도체를 첨가한 군에서, 알칼리성 인산분해효소 활성도는 $50{\mu}g/mL$의 법랑기질유도체를 첨가한 군에서 각각 유의하게 증가하였고, $50{\mu}g/mL$의 법랑기질유도체를 첨가한 군에서 치주인대세포의 VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)와 TGF(transforming growth factor)-${\beta}$의 발현이 유의하게 증가하였다. 결론: 법랑기질 유도체는 인간 치주인대세포의 세포증식과 알칼리성 인산분해효소 활성을 증진시키고, VEGF와 TGF-${\beta}$등 성장인자의 발현을 촉진함으로써 치주조직 재생에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Stimulating the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) has become the main goal of periodontal regeneration. To accomplish this goal, regeneration procedures have been developed, but results have not been predictable. Recently, tissue engineering using enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) and growth factors has been applied to periodontal regeneration; however, the mechanism of EMDs is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMDs on the proliferation and release of growth factors from PDLCs. Materials and methods: Human PDLCs were removed from individually extracted 3rd molars of healthy young adults, and cultured in the media containing EMDs (Emdogain, Biora, Malmo, Sweden) at concentration of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and $200{\mu}g/mL$ each. Cell proliferation and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity were measured. The evaluation of growth factors released by PDLCs was also performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. Results: Significantly increased proliferation and ALP activity were observed in PDLCs treated with over $25{\mu}g/mL$ and $50{\mu}g/mL$ EMDs, respectively. Additionally, treatment of PDLCs with $50{\mu}g/mL$ resulted in significantly increased release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor $(TGF)-{\beta}$ after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Conclusion: EMDs enhance the proliferation and ALP activity of PDLCs, and promote the release of growth factors, including VEGF and $TGF-{\beta}$, from PDLCs. Therefore EMDs could be one of the effective methods for periodontal regeneration.

소매점의 가격할인전략에 따른 소비자의 혜택지각 연구

정겨운,김영심,박종철 한국비즈니스학회 2023 비즈니스융복합연구 Vol.8 No.4

This study examines the effect of EDLP and HILO on consumers' perception of benefits among price discount strategies implemented by retail stores. By verifying the moderating role of the retailer's motivation inferred by consumers, the effect of the price discount strategy perceived by consumers was verified. Accordingly, this study applied a 2×2×2 experimental design between groups to verify the benefits perceived by consumers for their discount strategy by using the retailer's motivation(retailer orientation/consumer orientation) as an independent variable inferred by consumers. As a result of the experiment, both the main effect of the price discount strategy type and the moderating effect of the retailer's motivation that consumers infer about future price uncertainty and price discount strategy were statistically significant in both the perceived degree of savings and the perceived value of the discount transaction. appear. In addition, if the retailer's motivation inferring the price discount strategy is retailer-oriented rather than consumer-oriented, the psychological value gained from perceiving it as a loss is relatively greater than the psychological value obtained from the area of gain, so the discount strategy is not recommended. It was found that the degree of perceived benefits gained from this was relatively greater. This suggests that in order to continue the EDLP policy of retail stores, a price policy that considers the benefits perceived by consumers is necessary.

포스터-임상연구 : 미니 임플란트를 이용한 molar uprighting -임상증례

정겨운,한지영 대한치주과학회 2010 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2008 No.2

임상연구 포스터 : 발치와 보존술

정겨운,한지영 대한치주과학회 2009 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2009 No.1