집단미술치료가 양육시설 청소년의 집단미술치료가 양육시설 청소년의 자기성장과 대인관계에 미치는 효과

전정화,류경희 한국아동심리치료학회 2013 한국아동심리치료학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Group Art Therapy on Self-Growth and Interpersonal Relationships of the Adolescents in Institutional Care. The subjects who participated in the group art therapy were 13 middle school youths in ‘D’ institutional care. In order to verify the effectiveness of this program (i.e., group art therapy), we performed a paired t-test of self-growth and interpersonal relationships based on one-group pre-test post-test design (using PASW). We also performed the so-called K-HTP (Kinetic-House-Tree-Person) Test before and after the program. The results are as follows. First, group art therapy had significant effect on self-understanding and the self-opening (in the self-growth) of the adolescents. Second, group art therapy was significantly effective in improving interpersonal relationships. These results indicate that the group art therapy was quite effective in improving self-understanding, self-opening, and interpersonal relationships.

초등학생의 수목원에 대한 인식과 수목원 교육 선호도 : 서울 지역을 중심으로

전정화 한국환경교육학회 2008 한국환경교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.- No.1

4차산업혁명시대의 사이버윤리와 법교육

전정화 한국인터넷윤리학회 2018 The Digital Ethics(디지털 윤리) Vol.2 No.2

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has fused all the technologies that have emerged so far to break the boundaries between existing industries and create new concepts that could not have been imagined in the past. The development of this technology has positive aspects that enable innovation, productivity and a new economic system. However, it is accompanied by a vulnerability that interferes with economic and social development, and the danger of digital dysfunction is pointed out in this part. A responsible attitude is needed to enjoy the benefits of new technology, which can result in the establishment of ethical principles. In this paper, we examine the problems that may arise in the fourth industrial revolution era and how to deal with them. In particular, the trends in cyber space and the necessity of legal-related education as a countermeasure against the vulnerability and risk of the digital environment were suggested.

디지털 시대에 대응하는 법교육의 방향과 과제

전정화 한국인터넷윤리학회 2019 The Digital Ethics(디지털 윤리) Vol.3 No.1

The rapid change in the digital age is giving a variety of awareness to our society. And new legal and social problems that have not been seen before. Regulations are needed for fast-changing social problems, but citizens themselves must agree to find ways to solve them. It is the order of law and order that allows different interests to be consolidated and maintained. In this regard, the law should allow the government to reach an agreement on the changed environment. Law-Related Education is to assist nationals to develop a reasonable awareness of the law, based on autonomy and harmony, and foster sound democratic citizens who understand the basic order of a free democracy by providing for matters necessary for supporting and providing legal education in a systematic manner, thereby contributing to realizing the principle of the rule of law. In this paper, the present situation of law-related education in the face of the digital age is checked and specific action measures to respond to the future are presented.

인공지능 발명과 특허요건에 대한 고찰

전정화 인하대학교 법학연구소 2021 IP & Data 法 Vol.1 No.1

인공지능의 빠른 성장이 인류에 획기적인 영향과 혜택을 줄 수 있을 것이라는 기대를 주고 있다. 인공지능의 활용이 확대되면서 우리 삶은 새로움과 편리함, 다양함 등 긍정적 변화를 맞이하고 있다. 반면 전통적 관념이나 시스템과 많은 차이가 존재하는 인공지능은 전 산업분야에 걸친 패러다임의 변화를 초래하고 있으며, 특허제도 역시 이러한 변화에 대응하여야 한다는 목소리들이 지속되고 있다. 학습을 통하여 판단하고, 스스로 새로운 창작까지 수행할 수 있는 인공지능이 등장함에 따라, 인간의 창작만을 보호하는 전통적인 지식재산 시스템과의 어떻게 관계를 정립할 것인가에 대한 해답이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 인공지능이 변화시킬 다양한 가능성을 전제로 하여, 인공지능이 스스로 창작한 발명에 대하여 특허를 인정할 수 있을 지에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. 인공지능을 발명자로 한 특허출원이 이미 이루어지고 있는 현 상황에서 특허제도 내에서 인공지능의 주체성의 여부를 검토하고, 인공지능이 창작한 발명이 현행 특허요건 내에서 어떠한 의미를 갖는지에 대하여 전반적으로 검토하고자 하였다. 인공지능 발명을 현행 특허제도 내에서 인정할 할 경우 특허요건과의 괴리나 문제가 발생할 수 있는 부분을 살핌으로서, 특허제도가 나아가야 할 방향에 대하여 생각해보고자 하였다. Artificial intelligence has grown rapidly in the 2000s, demonstrating the potential to have a breakthrough impact and benefit on mankind. Artificial intelligence is causing a paradigm shift across industries. The patent system would be no exception. This study reviews inventions created by artificial intelligence in response to various possibilities that artificial intelligence will change. We would like to examine whether artificial intelligence invention can be recognized as a patent. Patent applications for the inventor of artificial intelligence are already being filed. Therefore, it was intended to examine the identity of artificial intelligence within the patent system and the relationship between inventions and patent requirements created by artificial intelligence. It also identifies problems that may arise if artificial intelligence invention is recognized, and thinks about the direction in which the patent system should move forward.

인터넷상의 기후변화체험관 홈페이지와 기사 분석을 통한 기후변화정책 및 교육방안 탐색

전정화,윤순진 한국환경교육학회 2018 한국환경교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2018 No.12

영업방법발명의 성립성 판단기준 - 미국연방대법원 Alice v. CLS 판결을 중심으로 -

전정화,권태복 한국지식재산학회 2014 産業財産權 Vol.- No.44

Whether a patent of a computer program is recognized has long been discussed. As of now, the number of patents of computer programs including business method related inventions is on the gradual rise. These days, the criteria of recognizing patentability of computer program inventions have been discussing constantly. Since State Street Bank case in 1998, it has been easy to grant patent right for business method related inventions. Along with that, there has been criticism that the number of bad patents increased. As a result, as shown in Bilski v. Kappos case, there has been action of enhancing the patents of business methods. In the process, on Jun. 19, 2014, in the case of Alice v. CLS, the US Supreme Court unanimously decided that the patent of software being regarded as an ‛abstract idea’ was invalid. It was the first significant Supreme Court decision on patentability of a business method related invention since the Bilski case decision. Therefore, the case may be able to present a critical criterium to judge patentability of a business method related invention. In Korea, recently, it is clarified that software is a subject of a patent, and it is revealed that the claim of a computer program fulfilling the required conditions of patentability of an invention is given the patent as an object under the Patent Act. Thanks to the expansion of the claim, the possibility of granting patent right to software is high. However, there are always concerns over bad patents. For the reason, what matters is how to determine the conditions of patentability and decision criteria. Given the current trend of cases, it is considered that it will be difficult to grant patent right to a simple work processing method or business method. It is predicted that such a trend can contribute to settling the controversy of low-quality patents which has constantly been raised, and furthermore can control patent troll which take advantage of software patents. Although the criteria of patentability of software inventions are prepared well, the criteria of the freshness and inventiveness in terms of technical factors are not clarified. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to make additional discussions of the issue.

이용악 시의 시적 주체와 리얼리즘 확장 - <낡은 집>(1938)을 중심으로

전정화 한민족어문학회 2023 韓民族語文學 Vol.- No.102

본고는 이용악의 두 번째 시집 <낡은 집>에 나타난 서사와 서정의 결합 양상을 살펴보고, 특히 서정성을 시의 리얼리즘적 확장으로 인식하여 그 문학적 특질을 규명하는 데에 목적을 두었다. 그러기 위해서 소설 장르와 구별되는 시장르에서 리얼리즘이 어떻게 구현될 수 있는가 하는 문제와 리얼리즘을 실현하기 위한 이용악의 구체적인 시적 형상화 방법에 대해 살펴보았다. 이 과정에서 서정과 서사가 공존하는 유기적 복합성을 통해 이용악 시의 예술성이 확보되는 지점에 주목하였다. 서사구조와 결합하는 이용악 시의 서정적인 특징은 기본적으로 시적 주체에게서 드러난다. <낡은 집>의 시적 주체는 대부분 ‘나’로서 시에 등장하는데, 이들은 1인칭으로 발화하여 독자로 하여금 시의 화자 자리에 독자 자신을 놓는 체험을 하게 했다. ‘나’는 비극적인 어떤 사건을 전달하는 서술자로 기능하면서 인물과 서사를 표현함에 있어 주체와 대상 사이의 적절한 거리를 유지하게 하고 있으며, 외부세계에 의한 비극적 사건으로서 인물의 내면을 짐작하게 하는 플롯의 전개는 서사적 리얼리티에 서정적 세계를 확대하는 결과를 가져왔다. 표제작 「낡은 집」에서 이야기의 밀도를 제고하는 서사 전략은 “털보네”를 시대의 전체상을 보여 주는 전형적 인물로 기능하도록 하지 않고 한 ‘개인’이라는 관점을 염두에 두고 그 생애를 구성했다는 점에서 드러난다. “털보네”는 일종의 자연물로서 현실의 참상을 효과적으로 고발하기 위한 매개이자 비극적인 현실을 더욱 강조하는 소재로 작용했다. 이렇듯 이용악 시에 나타난 시적 주체및 서사와 서정의 결합은 이용악이 시적 리얼리즘을 구축하고 확장하기 위해 채택한 시적 방법이라 할 수 있다. This study examined combination patterns of narrative and lyrical elements in Lee Yong-ak's second collection of poems entitled ‘The Old House’ and shed light on literary characteristics of his lyricism by perceiving it as a realistic expansion of a poem. For this purpose, this study explored how the issue of realism was embodied in the genre of poems as distinguished from novels. In addition, it emphasized Lee's specific ways of poetic embodiment to achieve realism. In this process, this study focused on points where Lee's poems secured artistic nature through organic complexity featuring coexistence of lyrical and narrative elements. Lyrical characteristics of Lee's poems along with a narrative structure were exhibited in poetic subjects. In his ‘The Old House’, ‘I’ appeared as the poetic subject in most cases. ‘I’ speaks in first person, allowing readers to put themselves in the place of the poetic speaker. Functioning as a narrator to deliver some tragic events, ‘I’ maintained a proper distance between the subject and the object in expression of figures and narratives. The development of a plot helped readers figure out inner aspects of figures through tragic events caused by the outside world and expanded a lyrical world based on narrative reality. The title piece, The Old House, employed a narrative strategy to increase density of the story. The strategy organized the life of Mr. Beard based on the viewpoint of him as an individual instead of having him function as a typical figure to show overall aspects of the times. As a natural object of some sort, Mr. Beard operated as a medium to report on horrors of reality effectively and a material to emphasize the tragic reality further. These findings showed that the combination of narrative and lyrical elements in Lee's poemsalongwithhispoeticsubjectswashispoeticmethodtobuildandexpandhispoeticrealism.

프로그램 발명의 보호방안 - 일본 법제와의 비교분석을 중심으로 -

전정화 한국지식재산학회 2015 産業財産權 Vol.- No.46

It is current situation that computer technology plays the more and more important roles in modern society and people dispute over the proper protection of core software for computer technology. It is also current status that the protection plan of the patent law is need to be discussed along with globalization and internationalization of the law together with matter of actual profit as patent law regarding program that has been protected by existing copyright law. It is obvious that it may influence on program-related industry positively in respect that the patent originally promotes technology innovation and gains the investment profit for technology development through exclusivity. It is also clear that the patent may hinder the market activities as it weakens the competitiveness and there is a concern the restriction on technology innovation may be brought due to excessive protection. So, it is required to review what the most adequate protection method is minutely regarding the protection of new technology. So, this thesis was willing to pay attention to the programs that are protected by the patent law in Korea. It was willing to research the plan that can establish the more effective protection system by analyzing the tendency and precedents of protecting the programs in Japan out of IP 5 countries after grasping the problems of protection system of Korea. It is needed to discuss the proper protection plan that can be applied to Korea by analyzing the patent law and inspection guide of Japan that shows the similar revision of patent law in Korea. Especially, in order to judge the patentibility of program invention thoroughly and distinguish it from the programs of copyright, it is necessary to consider the plan that stipulates the object to be protected by patent law. Furthermore, it should be considered in the inspection stage so that the patent can be granted only for the more strict and sophisticated invention when considering recent international trends regarding program invention. That is, precise supplementation of regulation with aggressive requirements is required. Now that the problem of insufficient patent is not limited to program only, the patent right should be granted only for the invention that has the definite value for protection by strictness for patent investigation and drawing up the statement strictly as thorough patent management that corresponds to exclusive protection. Technology of program evolves today, but it will be impossible to create the perfect law that specifies and prepares for the programs to be appeared now and in the future. But, it is important to establish the protection environment of programs to better status and seek for the unique direction of positive change. It is the time to have the institutional and policy concern to establish longer-term and macroscopic protection law system regarding newly-introduced concepts not law revision by instant need.

저작권 침해판단을 위한 제도적 방안 연구

전정화,권태복 한국지식재산학회 2012 産業財産權 Vol.- No.38

It is not too much to say that most of problems generating under copyright law relates to copyright infringement. Although copyright infringement problem is most substantial and fundamental part of copyright law, relief way through remedy other than suit is obscure state if copyright infringement problem would be generated, it is not easy to decide on copyright infringement before suit, and it is difficult to decide or estimate infringement in aspect of general person. It is determined to be the earnest time thoroughly facing limit and problem like this and systemizing legal mechanism for improving them. Accordingly necessity of copyright infringement decision specialized agency being able to give reliability being similar to judgement of Court or of similar level thereof will be strongly raised. The copyright decision specialized agency shares copyright infringement decision exclusively charging in suit with specialized agency and can do educational effect and active action on general person by preparing estimation ability to action making copyright infringement, and reliabillty and creditability of decision agency can be strengthen as inducing consistent judgement through accumulation of long-period decision standard.