자동착유시스템(AMS) 착유 및 보호지방 첨가 급여가 원유의 품질 및 유지방 특성에 미치는 효과

문주연 ( Ju Yeon Moon ),장경만 ( Kyeong Man Chang ),남인식 ( In Sik Nam ),박성민 ( Seong Min Park ),오남수 ( Nam Su Oh ),손용석 ( Yong Suk Son ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회 2014 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.32 No.2

Automatic milking systems (AMS) have been increasingly introduced to Korean dairy farms. However, in comparison with conventional milking systems (CMS), some negative changes in milk quality are being observed. The use of AMS leads to an increase in milking frequency, which in turn might result in higher physical stress on the milk, possibly causing changes in the milk fat globule (MFG) membrane. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the different milking systems on the milk quality, with a focus on milk fat properties. At the same time, we studied the effect of feeding the dairy cows with protected fat. Raw milk samples were taken monthly from individual cows as well as from bulk tanks at four AMS and four CMS dairy farms. We measured quality-related parameters such as MFG size distribution, free fatty acid content and composition, and acid values. Although most results showed no significant differences with regard to the milking system, we found a relatively high positive correlation between MFG size and milk fat content. Moreover, larger MFG size was observed in the milk when cows had been fed protected fat. The significantly higher (P< 0.05) free fatty acid content of milk observed under this experimental condition could be attributed to higher milking frequency as a result of using AMS.

도시민 대상 귀산촌 교육 요구도 분석

장주연 ( Chu Youn Chang ),김재현 ( Jae Hyun Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational needs targeted at city dwellers with hope of migration to mountain areas. 80 city dwellers participating in the education program operated by Korea Forestry Promotion Institute were selected. Results showed that city dwellers had higher preference for the education including medium scale(20-40 persons)and the type of camp with field experience. Real experiences and knowledge and understanding of migration to rural area are the most important element of the qualifications of the program teachers. In the contents of education, city dwellers wanted the teaching programs about ‘how to have forest land’, ’how to produce the forest products``, ‘field experience’ and ‘forest tourism’ and so on. In other words, city dwellers who wanted to move to mountain areas were interested in basic things for living. In addition, it will need to investigate people who have real experiences migrating to mountain areas and then it is necessary to discuss educational needs and supporting system helping people can settle in mountain areas.

산촌의 인구이동 추이와 특성

장주연 ( Chuyoun Chang ),설아라 ( Ara Seol ),박소희 ( So-hee Park ) 한국산림경제학회 2022 산림경제연구 Vol.29 No.2

In Korea, the trend of population decline continues due to the low fertility and aging population. In particular, since the rate of population decline in mountainous areas is greater than that in non-mountainous regions, it is necessary to find ways to respond to population decline in mountainous areas for balanced national development. This study analyzed the population movement trends and characteristics of Korean mountainous areas. In this study, the amount of population movement in mountainous areas was estimated by extracting data flowing into or out of mountainous areas using the domestic population migration statistics data from 2015 to 2021 provided by the Micro Data Integrated Service. The total population that flowed into mountainous areas over the past 7 years was 1.13 million, and the total population that flowed out of mountainous areas was 1.09 million. A net influx occurred in mountainous areas. By province, Incheon, Gyeonggi, Gangwon, and Daegu and Gyeongbuk had the most net inflows. By age, the net inflow occurred in those in their 40s and 60s. In particular, the proportion of those in their 60s or older who said they had moved to the mountainous areas due to the ‘natural environment’ was higher than that of other age groups. By region, more people migrated from urban areas to mountainous areas than from agricultural areas. In the case of mountainous areas where a lot of net inflow occurs, the distance from the big city is closer than that of mountainous areas where a lot of net outflow occurs.

산림복지시설별 공공성 및 수익성 평가항목 도출을 위한 전문가 조사

장주연(Chuyoun Chang),태유리(YooLee Tae),유리화(Rhee-hwa Yoo),서정원(Jeong-Weon Seo) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2015 한국산림휴양학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2015 No.10

코로나19 팬데믹 이후 산림 휴양 활동의 변화 요인

장주연 ( Chuyoun Chang ),박소희 ( So-hee Park ),설아라 ( Ara Seol ) 한국산림과학회 2021 한국산림과학회지 Vol.110 No.4

During the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing affected daily life and leisure activities, including forest recreational activities. This study identified changes in people’s participation in forest recreational activities and factors affecting their participation. It collected data from 1,000 samples through an online survey and analyzed it using a binary logit model with interaction terms. It was observed that there were decreases in the participation in visits to urban parks and green areas, outdoor activities in forests and mountains, and trips to mountain villages after the COVID-19 outbreak. People in their 40s, 50s, and 60s were more likely to decrease their participation in all kinds of forest recreational activities than those in their 20s. Moreover, higher household income earners were more likely to decrease their involvement in outdoor activities in forests and mountains. With respect to the place of residence, the residents in the Seoul metropolitan area were less likely to decrease their participation in trips to mountain villages than those outside this area. Thus, this study suggests that online forest recreation information services and forest management are needed to meet the demands of forest recreation for young generations and diversify the function of forests and rural areas as a safe leisurely space.

지역자산 중심의 커뮤니티 발전이론을 기반으로 한 산촌 활성화 연구

장주연 ( Chu Youn Chang ),김재현 ( Jae Hyun Kim ),이진규 ( Jin Kyu Lee ),김주미 ( Ju Mi Kim ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구는 ``자산 중심의 커뮤니티 발전 이론(Asset Based Community Development)``에서 제시하고 있는 3단계 지역발전 프로세스를 괴산군에 적용하여, 국내 산촌 활성화 모델을 발굴하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 1단계는 지역환경분석 단계로 괴산군 내 252개리의 지역자원조사를 실시, 산림자원의 활용에 대한 잠재적 수요를 파악하였다. 그 결과 60개리에서 휴양 및 관광(68%), 임산물생산마케팅(32%)분야의 활용수요가 나타났다. 2단계는 공감대·소통·조직 형성단계로 산림자원의 활용욕구가 있는 지역민들을 중심으로 커뮤니티 조직을 구성하였다. 2013년 12월 한 달 동안 산림자원을 활용한 지역발전 아이디어 공모전을 실시하여 총 5개 마을의 커뮤니티조직을 선정하였다. 3단계는 전략적 계획수립단계로, 선정된 커뮤니티를 대상으로 총 6주(2014. 1. 17. 2014. 2. 21)에 걸쳐 주민워크숍 및 역량강화교육을 실시하여 지역 내 존재하는 산림자원을 자산화하고 산림자원을 활용한 지역발전전략을 수립하였다. 그 결과 괴산군 내 감물면, 장연면, 청안면, 청천면의 총 4개의 모델을 발굴하였다. 임도 및 숲길과 같은 산림휴양자원의 활용 및 관리 모델과 임산물의 산림소득자원을 활용한 수익 창출과 연계된 지역발전전략이 도출되었다. 본 연구는 ``산림 자원의 육성``에 초점을 맞춘 기존의 산림정책에서 ``지역커뮤니티와 지역자산``, ``지역발전``의 공간 개념이 적용된 정책으로 패러다임을 전환시키는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to find a model to revitalize Korean mountain villages by applying to Asset Based Community Development(ABCD) processes in Goesan, Chungbuk. The processes are 3 steps. The first step is to investigate community assets. 252 localcommunities in Goesan were investigated and it was figured out that 60 local communities had potential demand of using forest resources as recreational activities and forest products. Second step is to organize people who can make a community development strategies related to utilize forest resources and push forward with plans. Through the idea contest for one month, 5 local groups` ideas were chosen. The last step is to make actually strategic plans for community development by using forest resources. 4 of 5 groups chosen by contest had been trained for 6 weeks and 4 plans were made, which are related to using forest road, forest tails and forest products. This study can be used to shift a paradigm in Korean forest policy from promoting forest resources to focusing on linkage local people, forest resources and community.

자연휴양림 이용객의 방문선택속성에 대한 연구

장주연(Chang, Chuyoun),유리화(Yoo, Rhee-hwa),린 주안 탈카센(Lynn Juan Talkasen) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2016 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 자연휴양림 이용객들을 대상으로 자연휴양림 선택 시 중요하게 생각하는 속성을 조사·분석하여 수요자 중심의 양질의 산림복지서비스 제공을 위한 기초자료를 마련하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 국립자연휴양림 이용객을 대상으로 62개 방문선택속성을 제시하고 각 속성에 대해 이용자들이 생각하는 중요도를 설문 조사하였다. 329명의 설문응답을 요인 분석한 결과, ‘프로그램 운영관리’, ‘산림경관’, ‘서비스 이용편의성’, ‘편의서비스 제공’, ‘경영관리’, ‘환경관리’, ‘시설안전관리’, ‘숙박시설’, ‘생물종다양성’, ‘프로그램다양성’, ‘위생적인 편의시설’, ‘친환경 건축’의 12개 요인으로 구분되었다. 이 중 ‘산림경관’에 대한 속성이 자연휴양림 이용객들이 공간을 선택할 때 가장 중요하게 생각하는 속성으로 나타났고, ‘프로그램의 다양성’과 ‘프로그램운영관리’요인이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 자연휴양림 서비스 이용객 유형별 선택속성에 대한 중요성 인식 차이를 살펴본 결과, 단체방문객이 가족이나 친구와 방문하는 이용객보다 자연휴양림의 ‘경영관리’영역을 보다 중요하게 생각하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 산림치유 및 산림휴양서비스를 이용하는 집단이 ‘위생적인 편의시설’을 자연휴양림 선택 시 보다 중요한 요인으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과, 일반 국민들은 주로 산림복지 서비스를 이용하기 위한 공간을 선택할 때 산림환경 및 이용 편의와 연계되는 시설요소를 고려하는 것으로 보인다. 하지만 자연휴양림 서비스의 이용 목적에 따른 인식차이는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 향후 보다 양질의 산림복지서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 기본적으로 건강한 산림환경과 시설이용 편의성을 확보해야 하되, 이용자 유형 및 목적에 특화된 프로그램과 관련 정보를 제공하여 보다 적극적인 이용을 이끌어 내야 할 것이다. This study is intended to make basic data needed to provide user-oriented forest welfare service of good quality by surveying visitors and examining service use attributes that play an important role in individual choice of forest welfare service. To this purpose, a survey of visitors to the National Recreation Forest, a presentative forest welfare service of Korea, was conducted with questionnaire consisted of 62 service choice attributes. As a result of the analysis of 329 responses, choice attributes can be categorized into 12 factors; program operation and management, scenic landscape and forest environment, convenience of service use, providing convenience service, overall management for good service, environmental management, facility safety management, comfortable and clean accommodation, biodiversity, variety of programs, hygienic convenience facility and eco-friendly architecture. It shows that‘scenic landscape and forest environment’ was the most important factor for visitors to choose recreation forest. On the other hand, ‘variety of programs’ and ‘program operation and management’ were less important attribute in service choice. When it comes to examining the difference of choice attributes by visitors’ groups, the group visitors place great importance on ‘management’ related to insurance and manual which can be used in emergency. Also, people who want to use forest therapy and forest recreation service place great importance on hygienic convenience facility. To sum up, this study indicates that people primarily consider attributes of forest environment and facility related to use convenience when they choose and use forest welfare service. However, it also shows that attributes influencing visitors’ choice is different depending on different purposes of visit. Therefore, in order to provide forest welfare service of much better quality in the future, recreational forest have to manage forest environment sustainable and prepare specific programs depending on users’ needs and types.

산림복지서비스 유형별 공공성 수준 평가에 관한 연구

장주연(Chang, Chuyoun),유리화(Yoo, Rhee-hwa) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2016 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.20 No.3

본 연구는 산림복지서비스의 공급전략을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 행정학 및 사회서비스 분야에서 많이 논의되고 있는 공공성의 개념을 도입하여 산림복지서비스의 공공성을 정의하였으며, 전문가 조사를 통해 공공성의 평가 기준을 도출하고 국내 9개 산림복지서비스 제공 시설을 대상으로 공공성을 평가하였다. 평가결과, 9개 산림복지서비스 유형 중 ‘숲길’에서 제공하는 서비스가 공공성이 가장 높은 것으로 평가되었으며, ‘산림레포츠시설’에서 제공하는 서비스가 공공성이 가장 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 산림복지서비스의 공공성 평가결과의 명확한 해석을 위해 수익성에 대한 평가를 추가로 실시하여 종합적으로 살펴본 결과, 자연휴양림, 치유의숲, 수목원을 통해 제공되는 산림복지서비스의 경우 공공성과 수익성이 모두 높게 평가되었고, 숲길과 산림욕장을 통해 제공되는 산림복지서비스는 공공성은 높지만 수익성이 낮은 서비스로, 수목장림, 숲속야영장, 산림레포츠 시설 등을 통해 제공되는 서비스는 공공성은 낮지만 수익성이 높은 서비스로 평가되었다. 이상의 산림복지서비스의 유형별 공공성과 수익성을 종합해보았을 때, 향후 정부 차원에서는 서비스의 공공성은 높지만 수익성이 낮아 지속적인 운영이 어려운 숲길과 산림욕장을 중심으로 산림복지서비스의 영역을 확대해 나가야 할 것으로 보인다. 반면 수익성이 상대적으로 높은 수목장림을 비롯한 산림레포츠시설, 숲속야영장, 유아숲체험원 등은 서비스 제공으로 발생 가능한 사회적, 환경적 영향들을 최소화시킬 수 있는 규제 기준만 제공하고 민간주체의 참여 및 민간시장을 확대해야 할 것이다. 마지막으로 현재 활발하게 운영 되고 있는 자연휴양림이나 치유의숲은 민간투자를 활성화시켜 운영관리에 대한 공적부담을 줄이는 방향으로 가야 할 것이다. This study is intended to suggest supply strategies on forest welfare service. First, this study defines the publicness of forest welfare service with the concept of publicness mainly discussed in public administration study and social service field. Second, it presents assessment elements for the publicness of forest welfare service derived through experts’ survey and evaluates the publicness of 10 types of forest welfare services in Korea. The evaluation shows that services on forest trails have the highest publicness, services on forest leisure sports have the lowest. In order to more clarify the outcomes, an additional survey for profitability among 10 types of forest welfare service is conducted. It shows that services on recreational forest, forest therapy and arboretum are high rated both publicness and profitability and services on forest trails and forest bathing area are high rated in publicness but are low rated in profitability. Services on woodland cemetery, forest camp site and forest leisure sports are low rated in publicness but are high rated in profitability. Based on the above results of experts’ evaluation, it can be suggested that the government have to expend forest welfare services like forest trails and forest bathing which have high publicness but are difficult to continue because of low profitability. On the other hand, when it comes to profitable services such as woodland cemetery, forest leisure sports, forest camp site and forest kindergarten, it has to be more open to private sector with expanding market, regulated only for minimizing social and environmental effects by services. Finally, as to services on recreational forest and forest therapy, government has to reduce public burdens on these services by promoting private investment.

착유방식 및 지방 보충급여가 원유 및 지방특성에 미치는 효과

문주연 ( Ju Yeon Moon ),이전성 ( Jin Sung Lee ),장경만 ( Kyeong Man Chang ),박성민 ( Seong Min Park ),박승용 ( Seung Yong Park ),정문웅 ( Mun Yhung Jung ),손용석 ( Yong Suk Son ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회 2015 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.33 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different milking systems (AMS, automatic milking system and CMS, conventional milking system) and of supplemental fat feeding on milk composition and milk fat characteristics. The composition, MFG (milk fat globule) size, fatty acids (FAs), and free fatty acids (FFAs) of the milk from 4 AMS and 4 CMS dairy farms were analyzed on the basis of the milking system and feeding of protected fat. The milking system did not affect milk composition, MFG size, and milk FAs, but FFA content of AMS milk were significantly higher than that of CMS milk. Feeding of protected fat resulted in the production of milk much higher in LCFAs (long chain FAs); however, the milk composition was not affected by fat supplementation. Cows administered protected fat supplements produced milk containing MFGs with a large average diameter.

Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular disorders with aging

장주연,강수경,어규식,홍정표,전양현,Chang, Joo-Yeon,Kang, Soo-Kyung,Auh, Q-Schick,Hong, Jung-Pyo,Chun, Yang-Hyun Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2012 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.37 No.3

Previous studies of the relationship of TMJ signs and symptoms in elderly people have provided inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders(TMD). Additionally, young subjects were examined as a control group. Forty old patients (28 female, 12 male, mean age: $65.2{\pm}2.5$ years) and forty young patients (30 female, 10 male, mean age: $23.3{\pm}2.6$ years) clinically diagnosed with TMD were screened. Patient records were analyzed regarding: pain on chief complain, amount of range of mouth opening, TMJ noises(clicking sounds, crepitus), pain on palpation of the TMJ and masticatory muscles and neck and upper back muscles. Differences between the groups were assessed using t-test and the chi-squared test. (SPSS v.17) P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Geriatric subjects more often exhibited crepitus on mouth opening (25%), muscular palpation pain of masseter muscles (82.5%) and temporal muscles(60%). In contrast, young subjects more frequently exhibited joint sounds (62.5%), more amount of range of passive mouth opening (p=0.043). It was found that the younger subjects (82.5%) and the older subjects (87.5%) suffered from subjective sign (orofacial pain on chief complain). There were not statistically significant relationships between orofacial pain (VAS) and the groups. Differences between the groups with respect to joint sounds, muscular palpation pain and mandibular range of motion were significant. Although older subjects more frequently exhibited objective signs (crepitus on opening, pain on muscular palpation) of TMD, younger subjects more frequently objective signs (clicking sound on mouth opening, amount of mandibular range of motion).