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젖소에서 유성분 분석을 통한 영양상태 평가 및 건강관리에 관한 연구 III. 고능력우 위주의 대규모 목장에서 우유중 단백질과 요소태질소 수준이 수태율에 미치는 영향
문진산,주이석,장금찬,윤용덕,이보균,박용호,손창호,Moon, Jin-san,Joo, Yi-seok,Jang, Gum-chan,Yoon, Yong-dhuk,Lee, Bo-kyeun,Park, Young-ho,Son, Chang-ho 대한수의학회 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.2
Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) determination is being used an indicator of the protein-energy balance in dairy herds. A faulty balance can be corrected to optimize milk production and animal health. This parameter is regarded as a potential tool to evaluate suboptimal feeding practices and reproductive disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the response of milk composition by regular feeding analysis and to compared the relationship between MUN and milk protein(MP) and fertility at the insemination period in Holstein dairy cows. Total of 355 artificial insemination (AI) for 150 Holstein cows in the herd were used to examine the relationship between MUN and MP content and conception rate. The AI occured for the cows 50 to 150 day in milk, and MUN and MP concentration were determined using automated infrared procedures. The mean${\pm}$standard deviation of MUN and MP concentration in the herd were $15.6{\pm}2.1mg/dl$ and $3.23{\pm}0.38%$, respectively. MUN contents of bulk milk were increase by elevated crude protein intake. The conception rate was lower in the cows in which the level of MUN was lower than > 8.0mg/dl (10.0%) or > higher than 25mg/dl (15.4%) relative to the cows in MUN content of 12.0~17.9 mg/dl (36.7%) at the time of insemination. Also, lower MP than 3.0% or higher MP than 3.25% were associated with a lower conception rates. Consequently, MUN and MP analyses may be used serve as a monitoring tool of protein and energy nutritional balance to improve reproduction efficiency in Holstein dairy cows.
가자(Terminaliae chebula) 추출물의 젖소 유방염 주요 원인체 및 메치실린내성 황색포도상구균(MRSA)에 대한 항균효과
강현미,문진산,장금찬,김종만,송민동,양시용,Kang, Hyun-Mi,Moon, Jin-San,Jang, Gum-Chan,Kim, Jong-Man,Song, Min-Dong,Yang, Si-Yong 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.1
Resistance to antibiotics is a problem all over the world, and this problem also is so extended in veterinary fields. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the antibacterial substances from natural medicinal herbs against bovine mastitis pathogens, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among seventy two medicinal herbs, Terminaliae chebula extract showed antimicrobial effect against MRSA isolated from mastitis milk in cow and patient in human. However, Terminaliae chebula extract didn't show antibacterial effects on various strains including other contagious and environmental pathogens related with mastitis of dairy cows.
남향미,임숙경,장금찬,정대영,김휘영,이청산,정숙찬 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.3
During January-November 2012, a total of 2,041 quarter milk samples were collected from dairy cattle of 82 dairy farms nationwide. About 42%(870/2,041) of the samples that had somatic cell counts(SCC) of ≥200,000 cells/ml were subjected to microbiological examination. No bacteria was isolated from 95 of 870(10.9%) samples. Among 1,237 bacteria isolated from the rest 775 samples, 1,085 were identified with VITEK: more than half(52.1%, 645/1,237) of the isolates were gram negative bacillus. Gram positive cocci including Staphylococcus accounted for 35% of the isolates and almost none of gram positive bacilli isolated. Excluding Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(CNS), the most frequently isolated bacterial species was Escherichia coli(11.2%,138/1,237), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(8.1%,100/1,237), Staphylococcus aureus(7.1%,88/1,237), Enterobacter cloacae(6.0%,74/1,237), Serratia marcescens(3.5%,43/1,237). The most common resistance of S. aureus was to penicillin(77.4%) and ampicillin(73.0%), while no resistance was observed against gentamicin and cephalothin. Although CNS presented resistance to all antimicrobials tested but the most prevalent resistance was to penicillin(35.6%) and ampicillin(37.0%). The pattern of antimicrobial resistance observed in CNS was similar to that of S. aureus, but the rates were much lower than those of S. aureus. E. coli also showed resistance to all the antimicrobials tested, although the rates were not very high. The highest resistance of E.coli was to cephalothin(39.4%) and ampicillin(36.2%), while most of the strains(98.0%) showed sensitivity to amikacin. The results of this study provide information on current situation of bovine mastitis in Korea.
PCR을 이용한 장구균의 신속 검출 및 가축에서의 장구균 분포
강현미,정병열,문진산,이희수,장금찬,김종만,정충일 한국수의공중보건학회 2001 예방수의학회지 Vol.25 No.4
For the rapid diagnosis of Enterococcus species, we established PCR method with primer, Ent 1 and Ent 2. The 112 bp DNA fragment was amplified among most of enterococci isolates, indicating the specificity of PCR. Prevalence of Enterococcus spp. was investigated from mastitis milk and various livestock. Major enterococci from mastitis milk were E. faecalis (50.5%) and E. faecium (34.5%). Distributions of Enterococcus spp. from livestock samples were E. faecium (42.6%), E. faecalis (17.4%), E. hirae (17.1%), E. casseliflavus (14.4%), E. gallinarum (5.6%), E. durans (2.6%) and E. avium (0.3%). Among enterococci from feces of dairy cow, E. casseliflavus (44.0%) was found to be the most dominant strain following by E. hirae (21.3%). In native cattle (Hanwoo), E. hirae (38.5%) was the dominant strain, following by E. faecium (26.6%), E. faecalis (16.5%), E. durans (7.3%), E. casseliflavus (6.4%), E. gallinarum (3.7%), and E. avium(0.9%). Isolates from porcine showed the distribution of E. faecium(25.0%) and E. casseliflavus (75.0%). In chicken, prevalence of enterococci was E. faecium(68.1%), E. faecalis (27.1%), and E. gallinarum(4.9%).
건강한 가축에서 분리한 Escherichia coli의 항생제 내성 조사(2010~2012년)
임숙경,남향미,문동찬,장금찬,정석찬,시,도 시험소 및 보건환경연구원 항생제 내성 모니터링 담당자,Lim, Suk-Kyung,Nam, Hyang-Mi,Moon, Dong-Chan,Jang, Geum-Chan,Jung, Suk-Chan,Korean, Veterinary 대한수의학회 2014 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.54 No.3
The purpose of present study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy animals in all provinces of the Republic of Korea. A total of 2,085 E. coli strains isolated from 11,336 fecal samples of healthy animals during 2010-2012 were examined for antimicrobial resistance. Comparison of average resistance rate through the years revealed that tetracycline (47.0% and 76.1%) and streptomycin resistance (42.6% and 64.6%) was most frequently observed in cattle and pigs, respectively. Whereas, in chicken isolates, resistance against nalidixic acid (90.9%) was highest among the antimicrobials tested. Percentage of E. coli that showed multidrug resistance (resistance against ${\geq}$ three subclasses of antimicrobial agents) was 17.6% (151/860) in cattle, 69.4% (506/729) in pigs, and 86.1% (427/496) in chickens. Overall, the rates of resistance are apparently different between animal species and, in particular, resistance was less prevalent in cattle than in pigs and chickens. In conclusion, this study showed higher prevalence of resistance in commensal E. coli strains to antimicrobial agents in Korean livestock and highlighted the urgent need for measures to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial agents.
젖소의 환경성 유방염 원인체인 그람음성균 분포 및 E. coli의 혈청형 조사
이은실,강현미,문진산,장금찬,이희수,주이석,정충일 한국축산식품학회 2004 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.- No.33
본 연구는 젖소 유방염의 환경성 원인체인 그람음성균의 분포와 E. coli의 항생제 내성 및 사람 식중독과의 연관성을 조사하기 위해 E. coli 혈청형에 대해 조사한 바, 2001년과 2003년 그람음성균의 주요 균 중 분포에서 많은 차이가 났으며, 2003년에는 E. coli가 31.8%로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 체세포수에 따른 그람음성균의 분포율에서는 1백만 cells/ml 이하가 65.3%로 가장 높았으며, 체세포수 3백만 이상의 유즙에는 10.8%만이 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, E. coli의 항생제 내성율 양상에서는 페니실린, 클록싸신, 세팔로틴등이 70%이상의 높은 내성율을 나타내었으며, E. coli 혈청형에서는 O23, O111, O157과 같은 주요 장관출혈성 E. coli 식중독균은 분리되지 않았다.
젖소의 우유 중 단백질과 요소태질소 측정에 의한 사료의 에너지와 단백질 균형 상태 예측
문진산,주이석,강현미,장금찬,김종만,이보균,박용호,손창호 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.5
Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and Milk protein (MP) are being used as indicators of the protein-energy balance and for actual farm feeding practices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the MUN and MP concentrations of individual cows and bulk tank milk to evaluate the dietary protein-energy balance from lactating Holstein cows. Mean MUN and MP concentrations in the milk samples obtained from 132,636 cows of 4,856 herd during Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2001 were 16.2±5.2㎎/㎗ and 3.30±0.35%, respectively. The highest values were found during summer and lowest valued during winter in MUN. But, the average contents of MP were the highest during winter and the lowest during summer. In order to evaluate protein-energy balance for feeding, we set the level of recommended MP range of 2.90∼3.29% in early lactation considering a negative energy balance. The recommended level of MP in mid-lactation and late lactation were set as 3.10∼3.49%, and 3.30∼3.69%, respectively. Recommended MUN range of 12∼18 ㎎/㎗ was determined through the whole lactation period. Individual cow milk were analyzed bu the 9 typs based on this levels of MP and MUN in this study. Among the total cows investigated, 26.8%, 25.8%, and 22.2% have shown the recommended criteria of MP and MUN values, respectively. Also, of total herds surveyed, 11.6% had MUN values lower than 12.0 ㎎/㎗ and 32.9% had values higher than 18.0 ㎎/㎗ and 44.5% of total herd have not met with the recommended criteria of MP values in bulk tank milk. In case of MP, out of the total herd surveyed, 26.0% had MP values lower than 3.10% and 24.0% had values higher than 3.30% and 50.0% had MP values outside the recommended interval (3.1∼3.3%). This study has indicates that many dairy farms are under improper feeding management practice of the dietary protein-energy balance.