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임경훈,장규상,김인수,이정호,신현출,Lim, Kyeong-Hun,Jang, Kyu-Sang,Kim, In-Sou,Lee, Jeong-Ho,Shin, Hyun-Chool 한국패류학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.24 No.3
본 연구는 말백합, Meretrix petechialis의 기초 생리, 생태학적 정보를 파악하기 위한 일환으로 수온 및 염분의 변화가 이들의 여과율에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 파악하고자 수행되었다. 말백합은 전라북도 김제시 거전리 갯벌에서 채집하였고, 먹이생물은 Phaeodactylum tricornutum(KMCC B-128)을 실내에서 단일종 배양하여 사용하였으며, 여과율 측정은 Coughlan(1969)의 간접측정법을 사용하였다. 먹이생물의 농도는 혈구계산판을 이용하여 광학현미경하에서 직접 계수하였다. 전체적인 실험과정은 Shin and Lim(2003)과 동일하였다. 수온별 말백합의 여과율 변동의 경우 연령에 관계없이 $25-30^{\circ}C$에서 대체적으로 높은 여과율을 나타내었고, 전반적으로 $5^{\circ}C$에서 최소 여과율을 나타내는 경향이었다. 염분별 말백합의 여과율 변동의 경우 전반적으로 20-35 psu의 염분구간에서 비교적 높은 여과율을 나타내는 경향이었다. 연령별 여과율 변동의 경우 대체적으로 연령이 낮을수록 건중량당 여과율은 상대적으로 높은 경향이었다. $Q_{10}$ 값의 경우 전반적으로 낮은 수온 구간($5-15^{\circ}C$)에서 높은 값을 나타내는 경향이었다. This study was performed to describe the influence of water temperature and salinity on the filtration rate of the hard clam, Meretrix petechialis. The filtration rates of hard clams showed significant differences depending on both water temperature and age group (two-way ANOVA, p < 0.001). The filtration rate of all the hard clams, aged from 1 to 4 years, was generally reduced in low temperature range ( $5-15^{\circ}C$). As the water temperature increased, the filtration rate increased exponentially. The filtration rate was relatively high in $20-30^{\circ}C$ water temperature range, but rapidly decreased again at around $35^{\circ}C$. Variations in the data for filtration rates of hard clams, relative to age and changing water temperature, were used to determine the temperature coefficient $Q_{10}$ in each water temperature range. In $5-15^{\circ}C$ temperature range, every age group showed the highest $Q_{10}$ figure. It was found that on the whole, the higher the water temperature was, the lower the number of $Q_{10}$ was. Regardless of age, the number of $Q_{10}$ was higher in the lower water temperature range. In $25-35^{\circ}C$ temperature range, the number of $Q_{10}$ was less than 1.00 in all age groups, implying that this is the range in which the filtration rate decreased. Variations in the filtration rate also showed very clear differences (two-way ANOVA, p < 0.001) according to changing salinity and age. All the age groups, from 1 to 4 year olds, showed low filtration rates at both low salinity (10-15 psu) and high salinity (40 psu). The highest filtration rate was recorded at 30 psu, and relatively high filtration rates were found around 30 psu. However, the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc multiple comparison test found that the hard clams in the 1-year group showed high filtration rates in a relatively narrower salinity range compared to those in the 2, 3, and 4 year groups. In other words, hard clams in the 2, 3, and 4 year groups showed high filtration rates at higher levels of salinity.
김재옥,장규상,신현상,양 현,장준호,Kim, Jae-Ok,Jang, Kyu-Sang,Shin, Hyun-Sang,Yang, Hyun,Jang, Jun-Ho 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.52 No.3
The ichthyofauna and passing efficiency of fishways were surveyed in Geumgang estuary from May to October in 2009. The fishes collected were classified into 24 species, 23 genera belonging to 8 families. These 24 species consist of 17 freshwater fish species, 3 migration fish species and 4 peripheral freshwater fish species. Seasonal function of fishways showed the migration from May to June and returning to the reservoir of fishes be washed out to sea when sluice gate open by rainfall in July and August. Most of the fishes catched in fishways moved from middle tide to high tide except for July. Fishes ascended fishways between the middle ebb tide and the ebb tide only July, because small freshwater swim against the fishway for leaching the reservoir through the newly formed flow when the water level at the fishway kept dropping. Small fishes that body length less than 200 mm mainly used gabion type fishways and fishes over 200 mm utilized a cascade type fishways. Based on the total individuals collected, the efficiency of the fishway was 1 % for the anadromous fish and over 80 % for freshwater fish. Therefore, it is concluded that ecological function of the fishway in the Geumgang estuary dike be very important not only for fish migration but also freshwater fishes's returning.
슬롯결합을 이용한 발진기형 능동 안테나의 설계 및 제작
문철,윤기호,장규상,박한규,윤영중,Mun, Cheol,Yun, Ki-Ho,Jang, Gyu-Sang,Park, Han-Kyu,Yoon, Young-joong 한국전자파학회 1997 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.8 No.1
본 논문에서는 능동 위상배열안테나(Active phased array antennas)의 구성소자로 사용될 수 있는 슬롯결합을 이용한 발진기형 능동안테나를 설계, 제작하였다. 배열 안테나 특히 평면 배열 얀테냐에 적합한 급전구조인 슬롯결합을 이용하여 방사소자와 능동회로룹 각각의 기판에 제작한 후 접지면의 슬롯을 통하여 전자기적으로 결합하였다 이와 같은 구조는 배열 안테나로 구성할 경우 단일 평면상에 안테나와 발진회로를 집적하는 구조에서 발생하는 안테나의 협대역 문제, 능동회로에 의한 기생방사, 집적의 문제 등을 해결할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서 설계, 제작한 발진기형 능동안테나는 FET의 드레인 바이어스 전압을 조정하여 발진 주파수를 12.5 GHz를 중심으로 12.37 GHz에서 12.65 GHz까지 280 MHz (2.24%)의 주파수 범위를 선형적으로 조정할 수 있었다. 또한 주파수 가변범위 내에서의 출력이 5 dB 이내의 차이를 가짐으로서 거의 일정하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서 설계, 제작한 능동 안테나를 선형이나 평면의 능동 배열 안테나 소자로 사용할 수 있을 것이다. In this paper, the oscillator type active antenna used as an element of active phased array antenna is designed and fabricated using slot coupling. The radiating element and active circuit are fabricated on each layer respectively and coupled electromagnetically through slot on the ground plane. This structure can solve the problems such as narrow bandwidth of microstrip antenna, spurious radiation by active circuits, and spaces for integration of the feeding circuits which are caused by integrating antennas with oscillator circuits in the same layer. The active antenna in this paper, the oscillation frequency can be tuned linearly by controlling the drain bias voltage of FET. The frequency tuning range is between 12.37 GHz to 12.65 GHz when bias voltage is varied from 3V to 9V, thus frequency tuning bandwidth is 280 MHz (2.24%). The output power of antenna is uniform within 5dB over frequency tuning range. Therefore this active antenna can be used as an element of linear or planar active phased array antennas.
생태-유체역학모델을 이용한 아산만 해양수질의 장기 예측
권철휘,강훈,조광우,맹준호,장규상,이승용,서정빈,Kwoun, Chul-Hui,Kang, Hoon,Cho, Kwang-Woo,Maeng, Jun-Ho,Jang, Kyu-Sang,Lee, Seung-Yong,Seo, Jeong-Bin 해양환경안전학회 2009 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.15 No.2
아산만 해역으로 방류수가 배출될 경우, 생태-유체역학모델을 이용하여 아산만 해역의 장기 수질변화를 예측하였다. 생태-유체역학 모델은 해수유동 시뮬레이션을 위한 다층모델과 수질시뮬레이션을 위한 생태계모델로 구성되어 있다. 생태-유체역학모델을 이용하여 아산만해역의 장기 수질을 예측한 결과, 5개 정점에서 화학적산소요구량, 용존무기질소 및 용존무기인의 농도분포는 현재 계산결과에서 6개월 동안 증가하였다. 수치실험 수행시간 1년에서 2년 사이에서는 화학적 산소요구랑, 용존무기질소, 용존무기인의 농도분포는 6개월 동안 증가한 농도분포가 차츰 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 3년에서 10년 사이에서는 일정한 농도분포를 보였다. 화학적 산소요구량, 용존무기질소 및 용존무기인의 농도는 $11{\sim}67%$, $10{\sim}67%$ 및 0.57%의 범위로 증가하였다. 10년 동안의 수치 실험 결과 화학적산소요구량과 용존무기질소의 변화 폭이 크게 나타났으며 이는 하수처리장의 방류수 중 이 두 오염부하량이 많은 양을 차지하고 있기 때문이다. 아산만 연안해역에서 화학적산소요구량, 총질소, 총인의 농도는 해역수질환경기준 II등급으로 조사되었으나, 하수처리장의 방류수가 배출될 경우 사업지구 인근의 아산만 방조제 부근에서는 해역수질환경기준 III등급으로 나타났다. The long-term water-quality change of Asan Bay by the influx of polluted disposal water was predicted through a simulation with an Eco-hydrodynamic model. Eco-hydrodynamic model is composed of a multi-level hydrodynamic model to simulate the water flow and an ecosystem model to simulate water quality. The water quality simulation revealed that the COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand), dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP) are increased at 5 stations for the subsequent 6 months after the influx of the effluent. COD, DIN and DIP showed gradual decreases in concentration during the period of one to two years after the increase of last 6 months and reached steady state for next three to ten years. Concentration levels of COD, DIN, and DIP showed the increase by the ranges of $11{\sim}67%$, $10{\sim}67%$, and $0.5{\sim}7%$, respectively, which represents that the COD and DIN are the most prevalent pollutants among substances in the effluent through the sewage treatment plant. The current water quality of Asan Bay based on the observed COD, TN and TP concentrations ranks into the class II of the Korean standards for marine water quality but the water quality would deteriorate into class III in case that the disposal water by the sewage plant is discharged into the Bay.
공랭식 VRF시스템을 적용한 다중 수조의 온도 정밀 제어
정광주(Kwang Ju Jeong),장규상(Kyu Sang Jang),김기원(Ki Won Kim),최동규(Dong Kyoo Choi),김평진(Pyeong Jin Kim),김영일(Young Il Kim),김선혜(Sean Hay Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11
In this study, we applied the multiple control technique to the constant temperature water control, effectively cooling the two constant temperature water baths and controlling them with the final electric heater. The temperature difference of the water bath with VRF and electric heater can be maintained within the same small range as the conventional water bath with a water cooling chiller and electric heater. One VRF system using multiple control technique can not only operate two water baths simultaneously, but also reduce the power consumption by 85.7% at the SP 15℃, 20℃, 25℃.