단일 폐결절의 진단에서 전혈 인터페론 감마 분비 검사의 유용성 (초)

임효정,이지선,구현경,정윤정,이상민,임재준,양석철,유철규,한성구,김영환 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.110 No.-

고등학교 일본어 교과서의 카타카나어에 대한 효과적인 지도방법 연구

임효정 신라대학교(부산여자대학교) 교육과학연구소 2009 교육과학연구 Vol.- No.15

Comparison of Inhibitory Effects between Enalapril and Losartan on Adrenal Catecholamine Secretion

임효정,고영엽,임동윤 대한고혈압학회 2014 Clinical Hypertension Vol.20 No.2

Background: The present study was attempted to compare enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor withlosartan an angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blocker in the inhibitory effects on the secretion of catecholamines (CA) fromthe perfused model of the rat adrenal gland. Methods: The adrenal gland was isolated and perfused with Krebs-bicarbonate. CA was measured directly by using the fluorospectrophotometer. Results: Both enalapril and losartan during perfusion intoan adrenal vein for 90 minutes inhibited the CA release evoked by acetylcholine (ACh), 1.1-dimethyl-4-phenyl piperazinium(DMPP, a selective Nn agonist), high K+ (a direct membrane-depolarizer), 3-(m-chloro-phenyl-carbamoyl-oxy-2-butynyltrimethylammonium (McN-A-343, a selective M1 agonist), and Ang II in a time-dependent manner. Also, in the presence ofenalapril or losartan, the CA release evoked by veratridine (an activator of voltage-dependent Na+ channels),6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethyl–phenyl)-pyridine-5-carboxylate (BAY-K-8644, an L-type Ca2+ channel activator),and cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor) were significantly reduced. Based on the same concentrationof enalapril and losartan, for the CA release evoked by ACh, high K+, DMPP, McN-A-343, Ang II, veratridine,BAY-K-8644, and cyclopiazonic acid, the following rank order of inhibitory potency was obtained: losartan > enalapril. Inthe simultaneous presence of enalapril and losartan, ACh-evoked CA secretion was more strongly inhibited compared withthat of enalapril- or losartan-treated alone. Conclusions: Collectively, these results demonstrate that both enalapril andlosartan inhibit the CA secretion evoked by activation of both cholinergic and Ang II type-1 receptors stimulation in theperfused rat adrenal medulla. When these two drugs were used in combination, their effects were enhanced, which may alsobe of clinical benefit. Based on concentration used in this study, the inhibitory effect of losartan on the CA secretion seemsto be more potent than that of enalapril.

Inhibitory Effects of Ginsenoside-Rb2 on Nicotinic Stimulation- Evoked Catecholamine Secretion

임효정,이현영,임동윤 대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2) can affect the secretionof catecholamines (CA) in the perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla. Rb2 (3∼ 30 μM), perfusedinto an adrenal vein for 90 min, inhibited ACh (5.32 mM)-evoked CA secretory response in adose- and time-dependent fashion. Rb2 (10 μM) also time-dependently inhibited the CA secretionevoked by DMPP (100 μM, a selective neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist) and high K+ (56 mM, adirect membrane depolarizer). Rb2 itself did not affect basal CA secretion (data not shown). Also, inthe presence of Rb2 (50 μg/mL), the secretory responses of CA evoked by veratridine (a selective Na+channel activator (50 μM), Bay-K-8644 (an L-type dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel activator, 10 μM),and cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, 10 μM) were significantly reduced,respectively. Interestingly, in the simultaneous presence of Rb2 (10 μM) and L-NAME (an inhibitorof NO synthase, 30 μM), the inhibitory responses of Rb2 on ACh-evoked CA secretory response wasconsiderably recovered to the extent of the corresponding control secretion compared with the inhibitoryeffect of Rb2-treatment alone. Practically, the level of NO released from adrenal medulla after thetreatment of Rb2 (10 μM) was greatly elevated compared to the corresponding basal released level. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Rb2 inhibits the CA secretory responses evoked by nicotinicstimulation as well as by direct membrane-depolarization from the isolated perfused rat adrenalmedulla. It seems that this inhibitory effect of Rb2 is mediated by inhibiting both the influx of Ca2+and Na+ into the adrenomedullary chromaffin cells and also by suppressing the release of Ca2+ fromthe cytoplasmic calcium store, at least partly through the increased NO production due to the activationof nitric oxide synthase, which is relevant to neuronal nicotinic receptor blockade.

조직 재생유도술에 사용되는 e-PTFE 및 collagen막에 부착되는 치주세균과 항생제 감수성에 대한 연구

임효정,김성조,최정임,Im, Hyo-Jeong,Kim, Surg-Jo,Choi, Jeom-Il 대한치주과학회 1994 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.24 No.3

The comparative study on the predominant cultivable periodontopathic bacteria were done 2 weeks after the application of the e-PTFE membrane and collagen membrane in the controlled tissue regeneration procedures. The purpose of the present study also included the antibiotic susceptibility test (ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, clindamycin) of these cultured organisms. 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash (10ml twice/day for 6 weeks) and systemic doxycycline (200mg/day for 2 weeks) were administered for supragingival and subgingival plaque control respectively. Four clinical isolates of A.a. from 2 patients were found to be resistant to tetracycline which were susceptible to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. One isolate of W.r. and two unidcntified microorganisms were resistant only to clindamycin and one isolate of NID BPB and E.c. and two isolates of unidentified microorganisms were resistant only to ciprofloxacin. Overall susceptibility of tested microorganisms to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and clindamycin were 85%, 77% and 89% respectively. The results indicated no significant differences in the percentage of cultivable periodontopathic bacteria between the two membranes, and also the microorganisms resistant to tetracycline after systemic administration of doxycycline turned out to be susceptible to either ciprofloxacin or clindamycin.

The Dynamic Nature of Learner Motivation: A Cross-sectional Study in Korea

임효정 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2020 외국어교육연구 Vol.34 No.1

The study is twofold; to update the literature on English language learners’ motivation in Korea and to examine any changes in learner motivation between high school and university students. A total of 385 Korean students (high school students = 184, university students = 201) completed the learner background and motivation questionnaires in 2017-2018. The collected data were submitted to the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis as well as an independent t-test to inspect any group differences. Results showed that university students reported a higher level of ideal L2 self, more positive attitudes toward learning English, and more motivated behavior than high school students. However, the two groups did not differ in terms of the ought-to L2 self, family influence and prevention-based instrumental motivation. The SEM analysis revealed that ought-to L2 self was a significant predictor of motivated behavior in the high school group (p = .017) but not in the university group (p = .428). In both groups, attitudes toward learning English, mediated by the ideal L2 self, turned out to be the strongest predictor of motivated behavior. Further discussed are the socioeducational reasons for the differences and the pedagogical implications of the findings.

Enteral Formula: Type, Regulation and Safety

임효정 한국정맥경장영양학회 2017 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2017 No.-

혈액투석 환자의 동정맥루 천자 방향과 천자 간격이 재순환율에 미치는 영향

임효정,최은희,김은주,정지윤,반승수 한국중환자간호학회 2018 중환자간호학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of recirculation rate according to cannulation direction and interval among hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Method : The research used repeated measures design. This study was conducted among thirty patients who received hemodialysis three times a week for longer than a year through AVF at the I University hospital. Three different types of interventions were administered to the participants each week for three weeks. Needles were placed at a different distance and in a different direction each week: 7 cm apart from each other in antegrade direction during the first week, 5 cm apart in retrograde direction in the following week, and 7 cm apart in retrograde direction in the third week. Results : No significant differences in the recirculation rate were found due to any of the three tested methods (p = 1.00). Conclusion : This finding suggests that, if the patients have well-functioned AVF, we can choose an appropriate intervention from among the three methods in consideration of the patient’s diverse needs.

놀이치료자의 심리적 소진 군집에 따른 직무만족도, 자아탄력성, 내재적 동기의 차이

임효정,진미경 한국놀이치료학회 2019 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.22 No.2

This study classifies clusters according to sub-factors of the play therapists' burnout and verifies whether there is a difference in job satisfaction, ego-resilience and intrinsic motivation among clusters. The results were as follow. First, Job satisfaction, ego-resilience, and intrinsic motivation of play therapists showed negative correlaion with all the sub-factors of burnout. Second, play therapists were classified into three clusters: ‘well-adjusted play therapists’ with low burnout, ‘average play therapists’ with medium burnout, and ‘exhausted play therapists’ with high burnout. Third, among the sub-factors of job satisfaction, in the working itself, economic condition, working environments, human relationship and among the sub-factors of ego-resilience, in the self-confidence, interpersonal relationships efficiency, optimistic attitude and among the sub-factors of intrinsic motivation, in the fun and joy, competence, self-selection, compression and tension there were significant differences among cluster. There is significance in point that this study identified qualitative differences among burnout clusters of play therapists which provided basic data on education and supervision to widen understanding of burnout and prevent burnout. 본 연구는 놀이치료자의 심리적 소진의 하위요인에 따라 군집을 분류하고, 군집 간에 직무만족도, 자아탄력성, 내재적 동기에 차이가 있는지 검증하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 놀이치료자의 직무만족도, 자아탄력성, 내재적 동기는 심리적 소진의 모든 하위요인과 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 놀이치료자는 3개의 군집으로써 소진이 낮은 ‘잘 조절하는 놀이치료자’, 소진 수준이 중간인 ’평균적인 놀이치료자‘, 소진이 높은 ’고갈된 놀이치료자‘로 분류되었다. 셋째, 직무만족 하위요인 중 직무관련요인, 경제적요인, 근무환경요인, 대인관련요인 그리고 자아탄력성 하위요인 중 자신감, 대인관계 효율성, 낙관적 태도 그리고 내재적 동기 하위요인인 재미와 즐거움, 유능감, 자기선택감, 압박과 긴장에서 군집 간 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구는 놀이치료자의 소진 군집별 질적인 차이를 확인하고 소진을 예방하기 위한 교육 및 슈퍼비전에 기초자료를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

소프트웨어 테스팅을 위한 μITRON의 시뮬레이션 환경 구축

임효정,이대연,김형신 한국정보과학회 2012 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.39 No.1A

임베디드 소프트웨어를 실제 하드웨어 상에서 테스팅 하는 것은 하드웨어의 사용이 개발후반에 가능함에 따른 시간적인 제약으로 인해 테스트를 위한 충분한 시간 확보에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제점은 임베디드 소프트웨어 테스팅을 위한 시뮬레이션 기반 테스팅 환경의 구축으로 간단히 해결 할 수 있다. μ-ITRON은 일본 임베디드 분야에서 활발히 사용되는 Real-Time Embedded OS로, 본 논문은 하드웨어 에뮬레이터 QEMU를 이용하여 임베디드 소프트웨어 테스팅을 위한 ARM Cortex-M3기반 μITRON의 시뮬레이션 환경 구축에 대해 설명한다.