국제개발협력 정부기관 비교 연구 - 6개 원조공여국의 농촌지도를 중심으로 -

백숙희 ( Sookhee¸ Baek ),임형백 ( Hyung Baek¸ Lim ) 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 2020 지역개발연구 Vol.52 No.2

농촌지도(rural extension)는 전 세계의 많은 국가에 존재하는 정부기관이다. 농촌지도는 오랜 역사를 가지고 있고, 많은 원조공여국과 원조수원국에 존재한다. 농촌지도는 국제개발협력에서 중요한 농업기관이다. 한국에는 일제강점기에 도입되었고, 현재에도 농림축산식품부 산하 농촌진흥청의 주요 기능 중 하나로 남아 있다. 이 논문은 대표적인 6개 선진 원조공여국의 농촌지도를 비교·연구하였다. 농촌지도는 거의 4천년 동안 진화되어 왔지만, 현대적 농촌지도는 1874년 아일랜드에서 탄생했다. 지도(extension)이라는 용어도 영국에서 처음 사용되었다. 이렇게 탄생한 농촌지도는 제2차 세계대전, 즉 1950년대 이전에 전 세계로 확산된 농촌개발 모델이다. 제2차 세계대전 전에는 영국, 프랑스 등의 유럽의 각국들이 제국주의 하에서 아프리카, 아시아 및 라틴아메리카의 여러 나라들을 강점하여 농촌지도사업을 실시한 경우이다. 제2차 세계대전 이후에는 UN, 미국 등을 통하여 전 세계로 확산되었다. 따라서 일반적으로 제3세계의 근대적 농촌지도사업의 역사를 논할 때는 제2차 세계대전을 기점으로 삼아 그 이전과 이후로 나누고 있다. 그러나 농촌지도는 농촌개발모델이지 농촌개발 이론은 아니다. 농촌개발 이론은 제2차 세계대전 이후 1950년대부터 등장하기 시작했다. Rural extension has a long history and exists in man donor countries and recipient countries. Rural extension is an important government organization for international development cooperation. This papers is a comparative study of representative 6 donor countries. Modern rural extension was born in Ireland in 1874. Rural extension is rural development model which spread all over the world before World War Ⅱ, or 1950. Before World War Ⅱ, European countries, such as Britain, france, and other countries conducted rural extension in colonies in Africa, Asia and Latin America under imperialism. After World War Ⅱ, rural extension spread all over the world through the United States and United Nations(UN).

도시공간의 모더니즘과 포스트모더니즘

임형백(Lim Hyung Baek) 한국도시행정학회 2009 도시 행정 학보 Vol.22 No.3

The purpose of this study is to interpret intrinsic intention of human beings in urban space. This study interprets urban space in the concept of modernism and postmodernism. This study regards urban space(city) as a functional or aesthetic substance. This study also regards modernism as the emphasis on functionalism and postmodernism as the emphasis on aesthetics. Therefore, modernism and postmodernism have some effects on urban space in different way. This study show that modernism has been concentrated on functionalism, rational space, and production. So straight line generally applied to architecture and urban space. This study show that postmodernism has been concentrated on aesthetics, amusing place, and consumption. For this reason, curve line generally applied to architecture and urban space.

농업인 대학 교육이 농업인 소득에 미치는 효과

임형백 ( Hyung Baek Lim ),박지영 ( Ji Young Park ),이금옥 ( Geum Ok Lee ) 한국농촌지도학회 2009 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.16 No.1

This study empirically studies the effects of Agricultural Technology Service Center`s educational program for farmers on their incomes. The educational program for farmers has widely been managed in discourse and policy in Korea. In 2008, Agricultural Technology Service Center managed 88 educational program for farmers, where 6,409 farmers received a certificate. While there are important studies, most of them have concentrated on qualitative analysis and noneconomic effects to an educational program for farmers. This study tried to analyze whether or not there is an economic effect of an educational program for farmers, focusing on the relationship between the educational program for farmers and their income status. Multilevel models (or hierarchical linear models) were applied to this study. Multilevel model is a quantitative model of parameters that vary at more than one level and show hierarchical structures between levels. This study particularly accentuates that an educational program for farmers is more meaningful when it can raise farmers` incomes by region and by educational program for farmers.

새마을운동의 아프리카 공적개발원조(ODA) 적용 방향

임형백(Lim Hyung Baek) 한국지역개발학회 2011 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

The Korea became a member of Development Assistance Committee(DAC). DAC is the subordinate body of the OECD, which deals with issues related to cooperation with developing countries. Korea is in Official Development Assistance(ODA) in Africa. Saemaul Undong gained in popularity as successful development model in Africa. People enlightenment, leader upbringing, voluntary participation of people in Saemaul Undong is important thing that helps differentiate from western development model. The objectives of this study were to seek for directions of Saemaul Undong to Africa as ODA. This paper suggested directions of Saemaul Undong to Africa as ODA as followings. First, formulation of propulsion system. Second, development of Saemaul Undong as Korean-type development model and apply to Africa through ODA; guideline, manuals, evaluation indicators. Third, indigenization policy. Fourth, building trust(confidence-building). Fifth, reach in good condition in development cooperation. Sixth, building cooperation system according to industrial process(=stages-of-growth). Seventh, building human network. Eighth, support for not only economic development but also democracy development.

청소년관련단체의 현황과 발전방향

임형백 ( Hyung Baek Lim ),이창식 ( Chang Seek Lee ),양승춘 ( Seung Choon Yang ) 한국농촌지도학회 2002 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.9 No.1

The objectives of this study were to explore the present condition and development direction of youth allied organizations such as Korea 4-H Club Federation, Clover Alumni Association and Korea 4-H Association. Researcher developed questionnaires were used to identify historical changes, present condition and development directions of the youth allied organizations. The data were collected from 105 purposively sampled representatives from the youth allied organizations, and SPSS/WIN program was employed to analyze the data. Major problems of the youth allied organization, according to the respondents, were financial difficulties and lack of full-time employee for the organizations. It was recommended that more full-time employees would be necessary for further development of youth allied organizations. Securing wider membership throughout the country and financial security were recommended for development of the youth allied organizations.

인간중심주의와 생태중심주의의 환경문제에 대한 접근시각과 그 한계

임형백(Hyung Baek Lim),오해섭(Hae Sub Oh),김대희(Dae Hee Kim) 한국농촌지도학회 1998 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.5 No.1

An environmental problem is the important issue of mankind. It should be treated main discourse in our period. There are many assertions related to environment but they ace not to be clearly classified because of miscellaneous paradigm. It is possibly to classify into two category on the basis of hump attitude toward nature and environmental problem. One of them is anthropocentrism and the other is ecocentrism. This classification is helpful to understand various environmental discourses. Owing to different paradigm approach, anthropocentrism and ecocentrism have different concept for environmental problem. Anthropocentrism is powerful to the real life in behalf of economic rationalism. But ecocentrism is important for the only settlement of environmental problem in ecocentric perspectives. Therefore a new scheme for environmental problem solving is necessary through combining the merits of anthropocentrism and ecocentrism.

국제개발협력을 위한 학제간 연구:

임형백(Lim Hyung Baek) 한국지역개발학회 2018 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to review interdisciplinarity for international development cooperation. Interdisciplinarity involves the combining of two or more academic disciplines into one activity. There have been continual demands to interdisciplinarity for international development cooperation. Nonetheless, as of the present time, no concrete study has yet been accomplished. Interdisciplinarity has been at the core attention in international development cooperation. Interdisciplinarity has become an important and challenging method and approach in international development cooperation. A number of academic disciplines are eligible to interdisciplinarity for international development cooperation. But I selected four academic disciplines according to application to international development cooperation. That is area study, economics, planning, and international rural extension. These four academic disciplines bring together an amazing synergy in international development cooperation. Korea needs to invest in the research into interdisciplinarity for international development cooperation, which is still in its early stages. Training and education in interdisciplinarity is very important to efficiency gains in international development cooperation. It is more important to seek quality than quantity in international development cooperation.

한국의 지역균형발전정책, 1972-2012

임형백(Lim, Hyung Baek) 한국도시행정학회 2013 도시 행정 학보 Vol.26 No.3

이 논문은 한국의 제1차 국토종합개발계획에서 이명박정부에 이르기까지의 지역균형발전정책을 고찰하였다. 균형발전정책이나 불균형발전정책이나 궁극적인 지향점을 지역균형발전이다. 다만 한국은 초기에 ‘성장거점전략’을 기반으로 한 불균형발전정책으로 출발하면서, 균형발전정책을 보완적으로 추진하였다. 이후 참여정부에 들어서면서 균형발전정책이 전면에 대두되었고, 지역균형발전정책은 국가균형발전정책으로 격상되었다. 그럼에도 균형발전의 상태와 수단, 측정지표 등에 대한 명확한 합의도 없었다. 또 지역혁신체제를 기반으로 한 자립형 지역발전기반을 추구하였으나, 실제로는 공공기관 이전과 하향적 평준화에 그쳤다. 이명박정부는 참여정부의 국가균형발전정책을 발전적으로 보완하되, 광역화·특성화·분권화·자율화라는 세기적 변화를 적극 수용한다고 밝혔다. 또 지역발전의 키워드를 ‘균형’에서 ‘발전’으로 바꾸면서, 이를 산술적 평균보다는 성장과 균형이 함께 가는 정책이라고 강조하였다. 그러나 참여정부의 국가균형발전정책에 대한 이명박정부의 정책에 대하여는, 입장이 분명치 않다는 주장과 실질적으로는 참여정부의 정책의 폐기라는 주장이 존재한다. 결과적으로는 ‘4대강 정비 사업’으로 대표되는 이명박정부의 지역발전정책도 실패라는 비판을 피할 수 없다. 이 논문은 현재의 지역불균형발전의 결과(또는 정도)를 공간구조형성의 출발점인 인구를 중심으로 정량적인 분석과 정성적인 분석으로 보여주려고 하였다. 이는 1972년부터 2012년까지 일관된 시계열 자료가 부족하기 때문이다. 동시에 지역불균형발전의 결과를 쉽게 가시적으로 보여주기 위함이다. 이념적으로 대립되는 참여정부와 이명박정부의 정책이 (적어도 단기적으로는) 실패라는 비판을 면하기 어려운 현실에서, 박근혜정부의 선택은 어려운 문제이다. The purpose of this paper was to consider by and large process and results of Balanced Regional Development Policy of Korea. The process and results of Balanced Regional Development Policy was considered in a chronological order to help readers understand the process of Balanced Regional Development Policy of Korea. The recent trend and movement of population have shown the results of Balanced Regional Development Policy. Participatory Government and Lee MyungBak Government were painted starkly different pictures of the Balanced Regional Development. Both of them were failed. This study identified the factors affecting movement of people and unbalanced regional development. Decreasing of population was continuing in paralleled with an aging population. Statistical data suggest that unbalanced regional development was intensified. Nice in theory, but it does not work in application. It is beyond the confines of this study to suggest an alternative. but effect of Balanced Regional Development Policy are now subject to review.

한,미 자유무역협정에 대비한 한국농업정책의 방향 전환 : 공적자금투입에서 경쟁력 강화로

임형백 ( Hyung Baek Lim ),이종만 ( Jong Man Lee ) 한국농촌지도학회 2007 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.14 No.1

한국농촌의 국제결혼의 특징

임형백 ( Hyung Baek Lim ) 한국농촌지도학회 2007 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.14 No.2