효율적인 VE워크숍을 위한 웹기반 VE지원시스템 개발에 대한 기초연구

임종권,김성훈,이민재,Lim, Jongkwon,Kim, Sunghun,Lee, Min-Jae 한국건설관리학회 2014 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

국내 건설산업의 효율성 제고와 건설프로젝트의 가치를 향상시키기 위해 VE제도가 도입 된지도 30여년의 시간이 지났으나 국내 현실은 프로젝트의 기능분석 과정에 많은 시간과 노력을 투자하지 못하고 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 해야 할 전문가 협업워크숍 부분이 부족하여 창의적인 아이디어의 도출이 부족하게 되고 결과적으로 VE활동은 설계검토와 비용절감 부분에 초점이 맞추어지는 것이 현실이다. 이를 개선하기 위해서는 체계화된 VE Job Plan 프로세스와 워크숍 협업 전산시스템이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 프로젝트 의사결정을 위한 기능분석 및 FAST도 전산모델, 웹기반 VE워크숍 수행 및 프로젝트 의사결정프로그램을 제안하였으며, 이는 기능향상 및 비용절감을 목적으로 하는 다양한 분야에서 활용이 가능한 시스템이며 객관적인 성능 및 기능분석을 실행하여 다양한 이해관계에 놓인 의사결정자의 신속한 의사결정을 지원하며 VE업무 효율화를 극대화시킬 수 있으리라 기대된다. Value Engineering methodology was introduced about 30years ago and has significant achievement in Korea. However, many of workshop still focus on cost down process and do not spend enough time on function analysis and expert cooperation. As a result, limited range of creative ideas were produced. To improve effectiveness of VE workshop, this study developed web-based value engineering process and system. And this study applied it to real case study to evaluate effectiveness of proposed system. Developed VE system also provides automated FAST diagram function and decision-making supporting tools. The authors found that this developed web-based VE system can significantly help to save cost and improve performance of VE workshop by using the appropriate VE process, and quick cooperation between experts. In addition, this study shows an example of a VE case study that applies the web-based VE system process, which led to a very innovative and effective way to lead workshop.

교량의 생애주기비용분석 기술현황

임종권(Jong Kwon Lim) 한국강구조학회 2002 韓國鋼構造學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

한국(韓國)의 인공임신중절실태(人工妊娠中絶實態) 고찰(考察)

임종권 ( Jong Kwon Lim ) 한국보건사회연구원 1988 保健社會硏究 Vol.8 No.2

Induced abortion rate has been steadily increased in rate along with the extension of contrace-ptive supply, which is now under argument because of harmfulness to maternal health and ethnic problem. Induced abortion acceptances by married women are mainly due to unwanted pregnancy and failure of contraceptive use. However, induced abortion has significantly contributed to the same impact on fertility decline as family planning program. This study aimed at analysing the present induced abortion practice and finding out the effective prenatal fertility control method through the successful contraceptive acceptance necessary to avoid the induced abortion. The data used for the analysis is the 1985 National Fertility and Family Health Survey targeted of 7,010 married women aged 15 to 44. The major findings of the study are sum-marized as follows. 1. Changes in Induced Abortion Experience Rate Induced abortion experience by married women aged 15 to 44 in 1985 estimated 53 percent, showing a great increase compared with 7 percent in 1964. Increasing rate of induced abortion was 128.6 percent during 1964-1968 period, 206 percent during 1968-1978, whereas declined to only 8.2 percent in 1978-1985. This result attributes to the rapid extension of sterilization acceptance by women. Induced abortion rate classified by specific age group indicated the most rapid increasing rate in the aged from 25 10 29. Decline of induced abortion aceptance by women aged 25 and over has a strong relation with the high degree of contraceptive practice including steriliza tion. Induced abortion rate indicated the increase in rural areas, 4 percent in 1964 and 48 percent in 1985, revealing a similar prevalence to urban areas in which recorded 55 percent in 1985. 2. Induced Abortion Acceptance and Contraceptive Use About 61 percent of married women with 2 children have ever experienced induced abortion one time and more, with 82.5 percent among them practicing contraceptive use and revealing the strong desire terminate prenancy. The proportion of women who have experienced induced abortion after terminating con-traception was 47.8 percent. Of these. 62 percent of the women aged 30 and over expe-rienced induced abortion, which shows the ineffective aspect of contraceptive use. Contraceptive use by women with induced abortion experience are observed to be 64.7 percent by sterilization. 60.2 percent by lUD, 6S percent by other methods. The proportion of women who have ever used contraceptives before induced abortion was only 32 percent, but 68 percent of total targeted women resorted to induced abortion as fertility control method. However, 85.4 percent of them practiced such inefficient temporary methods as pill, condom, and others, giving a space for failure of fertility control. 3. Fertility Decline by Induced Abortion and Contraceptive Use The total fertility rate decreased continuously from 3.2 in 1976 to 2.1 in 1984 and showed a replacement level of fertility. However the total induced abortion rate increased from 0.7 in 1963, to 2.1 in 1973, 2.7 in 1976 and 2.9 in 1978, but a little declined to 2.1 in 1984. Contraceptive practice rate increased 44 percent in 1976 (sterilization, 8.3%), to 70 .4 percent in 1985 (sterilization, 40.5%). Sterilization acceptance occupied 57.5 percent of the total con- traceptive practice rate. According to the above findings, induced abortion as well as family planning program have greatly contributed to the fertility reduction. The decline of induced abortion rate could be explained due to the high degree of contraceptive practice, particularly to sterilization accep-tance. 4. Ratio of Induced Abortion by Pregnancies About half of the total yearly pregnancies resulted in induced abortion. Ratios of induced abortion by the total pregnancies in 1978 and in 1984 were 43 percent and 39 percent res-pectively. The number of induced abortion estimated 84 events per 100 live births in 1978, 75 events in 1984. Particularly the majority of pregnancies by women aged 30 and over resulted in induced abortion. The proportion of induced abortion resulted from the total pregnancies was 50.3 percent in 1984, and the ratio compared with the live births was 115.3. This result explains that women not wanting child did not practice contraceptive or failed in the effective fertility control. Seventy-four percent of the total targeted women in 19&5 were practicing contraceptive, but 32 percent of them are using the temporary contraceptive methods, giving a space for the failure of effective contraception and the repeated abortion. Thus here need to be strengthened the contraceptive supply to prevent unwanted pregnancy and emphasized on the side-effects of induced abortion to maternal health and society in general. 5. Reason for Induced Abortion The main reason for induced abortion acceptance is observed 61.3 percent of fertility termination, and next comes 15.1 percent of birth spacing, maternal health and abnormal pregnancy, 7.3 percent, unwanted pregnancy, 5.7 percent. The main reason for the last induced abortion by married women were fertility termination, 84.8 percent, economic and family problem come next. 21.4 percent. Eighty nine-two percent of the total targeted women without any experience of abortion perceive that induced abortion was harmful to maternal health. And so do 86.6 percent of women with one time experience of abortion and 91.3 percent of women two and more experiences of abortion. Perception of harmfulness to maternal health appeared in similar degree in urban and rural areas. 6. Impact on Health and Fertility Reduction by Induced Abortion Seventeen-one percent of women responded the presence of complications and sequelae following the abortions, which recorded high after 4 months of pregnancy and among women aged 30 and over. Complications and sequelae following the abortions were mainly backache or abdominal pain, 27.3 percent, uterine bleeding, 35.3 percent, weakness and inflamation, 14.9 percent and 13 percent respectively. The total fertility rate was 3.2 in 1976. 2.7 in 1978, 2.1 in 1984. Provided that induced abortion did not have any effect on fertility control, the total fertility rate estimated 4.4 in 1976, 4.0 in 1978 and 2.9 in 1984. Thus contribution degree to fertility reduction can be estimated to be 34.8 percent in 1976.43.8 percent in 1978 and 38.8 percent in 1984, showing a sig-nificant impact on fertility decline. The yearly birth averted status of pregnancies by induced abortion is estimated to only 72. 000 events 15.7%) in 1963, 279.000 events (32%) in 1975,328,000 events (37.5%) in 1978, and to 275.000 events (40.7%) in 1984. As the above findings were derived from the data with married women, the rate win increase with, concealed abortion cases of unmarried females.

한국(韓國)의 인공임신중절실웅(人工姙娠中絶實熊) 고찰(考察)

임종권 ( Jong Kwon Lim ),송태민 ( Tai Min Song ) 한국보건사회연구원 1984 保健社會硏究 Vol.4 No.2

出産調節을 위한 家族計劃事業이 普及되기 시작한 1960年代 以後부터 人工妊娠中絶은 繼續 增加해 왔다. 人工妊娠中絶은 出産力 低下의 主要 要因의 하나로써 그 寄興度는 家族計劃事業과 비슷했거나 약간 優位였을 것이라는 評價를 받아 왔었다. 그러나 이와 같이 繼續 增加를 해왔던 人工妊娠中絶이 1981年 以後부터 점차 下向 趨勢를 나타내기 시작하여 1983年에 이르러서는 현격한 減少 現狀을 나타내었다. 따라서 相對的으로 避姙實踐率은 크게 增加되었으며 그 結果로 出産率은 많이 減少되어 가는 趨勢였다. 1. 人工妊娠中絶 經驗率은 1964年에 7퍼센트였으나 1966年에는 2倍정도 增加한 14퍼센트, 1976年에는 39퍼센트 그리고 1978年에는 49퍼센트로 급진적인 增加率을 나타내었다. 그러나 1981年 人工妊娠中絶 經驗率은 50퍼센트 水準으로 점차 鈍化되어 가는 趨勢였다. 1978年까지 都市地域에서의 姙娠中絶 經驗率은 繼續 增加하여 1978年에 57퍼센트 水準이었으나 1982年에는 52퍼센트로써 1978年에 비하여 약 5퍼센트 포인트가 減少되었다. 農村地域에서는 1978年에 姙娠中絶 經驗率이 38퍼센트, 1982年에는 44퍼센트로 繼續 增加하고 있었다. 2. 人工妊娠中絶 經驗率이 높은 年齡層은 35~39歲群으로 1971年 38퍼센ㅌ, 1973年 43퍼센트, 1976年 50퍼센트, 1978年 62퍼센트였고, 1982年에는 40~44歲群으로 66퍼센트였다. 3. 當年度 人工妊娠中絶 經驗率은 1981年이 10.2퍼센트였고, 1983年에는 7.3퍼센트로 1981年에 비하여 3퍼센트 포인트가 낮아졌다. 人工妊娠中絶 經驗率이 높은 年齡層은 25~29歲群으로 1981年이 14.2퍼센트였고, 1983年에는 11.1퍼센트였다. 4. 有配偶婦人의 合計姙娠中絶率은 1963年 0.7, 1968年 1.2 그리고 1978年에는 2.9였으나 1981年에는 2.7로 약간 減少되었고 1983年에는 1.8로써 큰 減少를 나타내었다. 人工妊娠中絶率이 가장 높은 年齡層은 1978年까지는 주로 30~34歲群이었으나 1981年以後에는 25~29歲群으로 人工妊娠中絶率은 각각 158과 122였다. For the past twenty years, a decline in fertility has been achieved by strengthened national family planning programs and an increased number of induced abortions. There is no doubt that abortion has been a major contributing factor in the decline of fertility. Although abortion was widely practised as a means of fertility control from 1960 to 1980, abortion have decreased since 1981 among married women aged of 20 to 44 years. 1) Experienced abortion of national prevalence rate was 7 percent in 1964, 14 percent in 1966, 39 percent in 1976, 49 percent in 1978, and 50 percent in 1981. Aborted women`s rate was much higher in urban areas than rural areas: the rates were 57 percent in urban and 38 percent in rural in 1978; 52 percent in urban area and 44 percent in rural in 1981. 2) The highest aborted women`s rate was between the ages of 35-39. During 1971-1978, it showed an upward moving trend: 38 percent in 1971, 43 percent in 1973, 50 percent in 1976 and 62 percent in 1978. However, the highest rate was shifted to the age group of 40-44, and the rate was 66 percent. 3) Abortion rate per 100 woman per year was 10.2 percent in 1981 and 7.2 percent in 1983. Age specific rates of aborted women reached a peak in the 25-29 age group: 14.2 percent in 1981 and 11.1 percent in 1983. 4) The total marital abortion rate had sharply increased from 0.7 in 1963 to 1.2 in 1968 and 2.9 in 1978. However, it dropped from 2.7 in 1981 to 1.8 in 1983. Age specific abortion rate reached a peak in the 25-29 age group during 1981-1983: 158 in 1981 and 122 in 1983.

철도건설사업의 효율적인 VE수행을 위한 성능측정기법

임종권(Lim Jong-Kwon),박미연(Park Mi-Yun),박흥민(Park Heung-Min),김성훈(Kim Sung-Hun),이광균(Lee Kwang-Kyun) 한국철도학회 2008 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

A severe problem in VE study of a project is to reduce value due to loss of performance, caused by focusing on cost reduction. Also a lack of understanding performance concept, no trial VE workshop as well as cost saving-based policy have not satisfied customer needs. A efficient VE job plan for especially large scale railroad construction project is proposed in this study. This study developed a more objective performance evaluation system for value engineering study of mega projects and suggested a systematic process of performance quantitative analysis for value improvement. The proposed performance measurement method would be very useful for better communication and consensus between decision makers and VE team.

한국(韓國)의 인공임신중절실태(人工妊娠中絶實態)

임종권 ( Jong-kwon Lim ),이상영 ( Sang-young Lee ),배화옥 ( Hwa-oak Bae ) 한국보건사회연구원 1989 保健社會硏究 Vol.9 No.1

Induced abortion has been given continuous attention because of its harmfulness to maternal health and probable role as a cause of repeated spontaneous abortion and sterility. This study aims to analyze a recent trend of induced abortion practice, the reasons for ind-uced abortion and its side-effects, and to investigate the impact of induced abortion on fertility reduction, and as an ultimate objective, to provide proper policy recommendations on population and maternal and child health. The data used for the analysis are drawn from the 1988 National Fertility and Family Health Survey. Major findings of the study are summarized as follows. I. Trends in Fertility and Prevalence of Induced Abortion, and Contraceptive Use In 1978 total marital fertility rate (TMFR) and total marital induced abortion rate (TMIAR) of women aged 20-44 were 4.1 and 2.9 respectively. And 49 percent 01 the married women aged 15-44, out 01 which 16.5 percent were adopting sterlization. were practicing contraception. Since 1978, contraceptive practice rate has drastically increased to 77 percent in 1987, and more importantly the proportion of sterilization-acceptors has almost doubled 1048.2 percent in 1987. TMFR and TMIAR of those aged 20-44 have declined to 2.6 and 1.6 respectively in 1987. It is, however, noteworthy that the induced abortion rate in the young age group of 20-24 has rather increased during the same period. 2. Differential Induced Abortion Rate by Socio-Demographic Characteristics No significant difference in the prevalence of induced abortion is found between urban and rural areas. General marital Induced abortion rate (GMIAR) is 69.8 per 1,000 married women in the urban and 57.4 in the rural. As for the rate by educational attainments, GMIAR of the group of primary school or no schooling is 393 per 1,000 married women. which is far lower compared with 76.8 In the middle. school group, 75.7 in the high school group and 67.0 in the group of university or higher level of schooling. Seen by number of children, the highest rate. 64.0 per 1,000 married women, is found among women with two children, and the next. highest, 63.5. among those with no chlldren. 3. Termination Status Pregnancis The proportion of induced abortions to total pregnancies and the ratio of induced abortions to live births were 42.5 percent and 84 per 100 live births respectively in 1978, and 38.8 percent and 75 per 100 live births respectively in 1984. And they were 38.0 percent and 70 per 100 live births respectively in 1987. 4. Reasons for Induced Abortion The most popular reason for induced abortion is the terminaton of fertility. In 1987, 56.4 percent of the first induced abortions and 81.8 percent of the last Induced abortions ever exp-erienced were practiced for this purpose. Birth spacing also served as one of the major reasons. 16.4 percent of the first induced abortion was practiced for spacing births at Intended intervals. 5. Side-Effects of Induced Abortion The proportion of women who have ever suffered from side-effects after their induced abor-tions is 17.6 percent. and seen by residence. it is 17.6 percent in urban areas and 17.3 percent in rural areas. It is found that the longer the duration of pregnancy is, the higher risk to maternal health there arises. The occurrance rate of side-effects is 16.9 percent among those who abort at the first month of pregnancy. 17.9 percent at the second month and 21.7percent at the third month. 6. Conclusion The prevalence of induced abortion has gradually declined since the very beginning of the 1980s. Such a decline might be a combined effect of the increased proportion of sterilization- acceptors and the changes in women`s attitudes towards induced abortion. It is, however, found that the tendency to abort in the young age group 20-24 has rather increased since 1975. And the induced abortion rate of women in their twenties is much higher than that of women aged 30 or over. The facts that a large proportion of these women want more children and that their major contraceptive methods may well be the temporary ones would explain much of this phe-nomenon. For curbing the prevalence of induced abortion. it is, therefore. recommended that more effective temporary methods should be developed and distributed with follow-up services, and that lEC activities against the negative effects of induced abortion should be strengthened.

KALCEM Vision Value Workshop 후기

임종권(Jong Kwon Lim),김성훈(Sung Hun Kim),황윤국(Yeun Kuk Hwang),공정식(Jung Sik Kong) 한국강구조학회 2007 韓國鋼構造學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

드레퓌스 사건: 프로테스탄트와 가톨릭교회

임종권 ( Jong Gwon Lim ) 한국서양사학회 2009 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.102

2003 AASHTO VE 학술대회

임종권(Lim, Jong Kwon),박경호(Park, Kyoung Ho) 한국콘크리트학회 2004 콘크리트학회지 Vol.16 No.1

신뢰성에 기초한 교량의 중차량 통행허가 시스템

임종권(Lim Jong Kwon),서종원(Seo Jong Won),김경현(Kim Kyung Hyun),박흥민(Park Heung Min) 대한토목학회 2004 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.10