Painless Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides for the Treatment of Scleroderma

임상구,박규태,황영준,성금용,김재호,양승윤 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.1

Peptide drugs are important biologic therapeutics used for the treatment of various diseases. However, owing to short in vivo half-life, frequent peptide injections using invasive hypodermic syringes are required to produce successful therapeutic outcomes. Here, we present a microneedle (MN)-assisted transdermal delivery of peptides for long-acting. For this purpose, therapeutic peptides for the treatment of scleroderma were precisely coated on the biodegradable bullet-shaped MN arrays and their loading efficiency was evaluated through dissolution tests of coated MNs. Aqueous coating solutions including peptides were coated with high precision and accuracy. An in vivo pilot study using scleroderma animal model showed prolonged retention of peptides delivered by MNs to the target skin, leading an anti-fibrotic effect in scleroderma. This painless transdermal MN platform can be applied to a variety of bioactive agents including peptide and protein drugs requiring prolonged drug activity.

Effect of Water Temperature and Photoperiod on Final Oocyte Maturation in Red Marbled Rockfish, Sebastiscus tertius

임상구,백재민,김철원,김영수 한국발생생물학회 2014 발생과 생식 Vol.18 No.3

Rearing experiments were conducted using several regimes combined with different photoperiods and watertemperatures to investigate the role of temperature and photoperiod as environmental cues regulating reproduction in redmarbled rockfish, Sebastiscus tertius. The initial gonadosomatic index (GSI) was 1.62±0.32% and that in the 15°C controlwas 7.01±0.46% at the end of the experiment. The highest GSI was 9.10 ± 0.35% in the 12L:12D photoperiod-treated fish. The highest GSI at 19°C was 15.03±0.86% in the 12L:12D photoperiod treatment. The initial hepatosomatic index (HSI) was3.09±0.72% and that in the 15°C control was 3.88 ± 0.45%. The highest HSI was 4.00 ± 0.56% in the 15L:9D treated fish. The highest HSI at 19°C was 4.05±0.63% in the 12L:12D treated fish.

불법원인급여 심사기준에 대한 고찰

임상구,전장헌 한국부동산법학회 2019 不動産法學 Vol.23 No.2

Performance for Illegal Cause is a special case of Restitution & Unjust Enrichment which prepared on the basis of fair and justice. It is inherited from ancient times and is taken by various countries around the world, but its application and operation is not easy. Especially, modern nations of the 18th-19th century put in the absolute guarantee of private property rights and privatautonomie, but c​ontemporary nations after the mid-20th century are based on 'the Principle of Social States(Sozialstaatsprinzips)' and 'the principle of the Rule of Law(Rechtsstaatsprinzip)'. So the nations deeply intervened in the field of autonomies through various laws. Therefore it was not easy to resolve and determine meanings and ranges of illegality, for reasons that the prohibition of law became numerous. Property rights should be commensurate with public welfare. Therefore it is not justified to selfish acts that abuse rights or ignore the community benefit. So that the illegality provided for in Article 746 of the Civil Act should be considered the same as the Anti-Social Order set forth in Article 103. And in a specific application, it is appropriate to judge in the direction of reducing the scope of illegality. On the other hand, Performance for Illegal Cause derived from adjective law or relief system, but it has been recognized through Article 746 of the Civil Act which is substantive law, and it has been pointed out that it is necessary to make a practical judgment against the return of goods or not. Therefore, a more detailed and sophisticated logic structure than the past is necessary. However, overseas, it is a situation that has already developed forfeiture-theory, trying to systematize law of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment. Also, many special forfeiture laws are established in South Korea according to the international treaties, etc., Performance for Illegal Cause is integrated as well, and a systematic examination standard is necessary. Also, many special forfeiture laws are established in South Korea according to the international treaties, etc., Performance for Illegal Cause is requesting integrated and systematic standard. Therefore, in this paper, we propose that the proportionality principle will be an examination standard with complete logical completeness, and we propose a concrete application standard. 불법원인급여 제도는 공평과 정의의 이념을 기초로 마련된 부당이득법의 특수사례로서 고대로부터 이어져 내려와 세계 각국이 채택하고 있는 제도지만 그 적용과 운용이 쉽지만은 않다. 특히, 18~19세기 근대국가에서는 사유재산권의 절대적 보장과 사적 자치에 치중하였다면, 20세기 중반 이후 다수의 현대국가는 사회국가원리(Sozialstaatsprinzips)와 실질적 법치국가원리(Rechtsstaatsprinzip)를 채택함으로써 국가가 다양한 법률을 통하여 각종 사적 자치의 영역에 깊이 개입하게 되었고, 그로 인한 법률의 금지도 다양해진 상황에서 불법의 의미와 범위를 해석하고 확정하는 것은 쉽지 않은 일이 되었다. 결국 재산권은 공공복리에 적합하게 행사되어야 하므로, 권한의 남용이나 방종 또는 공동체 이익을 무시한 이기적인 행위까지 전부 정당화되는 것은 아니므로, 적어도 우리나라에서는 민법 제746조의 불법의 의미를 민법 제103조에서 정한 반사회질서 행위와 동가치적인 내용으로 파악하되, 구체적인 적용에 있어서는 그 범위를 축소시키는 방향으로 판단하는 것이 적절하다고 본다. 한편, 불법원인급여 제도는 법적보호거절 사상에서도 엿볼 수 있는 바와 같이 그 태생은 소권론 또는 권리구제론에서 시작되었으나, 현재는 실체법인 민법 제746조이라는 명문의 규정을 통해 인정되고 있고 그에 따라 재화의 귀속 여부를 가리는 실체적 판단을 내려야 할 쟁점이 되었으므로, 과거 보다 더 치밀하고 정교한 논리구성이 필요한 상황이라 할 것이다. 그런데 해외에서는 이미 원상회복 및 부당이득법에 대한 체계화를 시도하면서, 이와 연계하여 몰수 이론을 발전시키고 있는 상황이며, 우리나라에서도 다수의 몰수 특례법이 국제조약 등에 의거하여 마련되고 있는 상황이므로 불법원인급여 제도 또한 이에 부응하여 통합적이고 체계적인 심사기준이 필요하다. 이에 본고에서는 비례원칙이 일응 논리 완결성을 갖춘 심사기준이 될 것임을 밝히는 한편, 그에 따른 구체적 적용기준을 제안하고자 한다.

Low-Temperature Multiple Micro-Dispensing on Microneedles for Accurate Transcutaneous Smallpox Vaccination

임상구,이산하,성금용,안선영,이혜선,황윤호,김미영,김도근,김유진,김세민,이강오,양승윤 한국고분자학회 2022 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.47 No.2

Comparative Analysis of the Morphometric Changes in Ussurian bullhead, Leiocassis ussuriensis, and Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, in the Early Period of Growth

임상구,한형균,강정하,Hye Jung Park,Ji Su Oh,Ji Su Lim,구인본,박인석 한국발생생물학회 2013 발생과 생식 Vol.17 No.3

Morphometric changes in the Ussurian bullhead, Leiocassis ussuriensis, and the Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, were observed during the early period of growth. Yolk length, yolk height, and yolk volume in the two species decreased within 9 days post-hatching (DPH) (p<0.05). The body lengths and body heights of both species increased gradually to 150 and 130 DPH, respectively (p<0.05). The horizontal distance between the anteriormost extension of the head and the anterior insertion of the pectoral fin, the anteriormost extension of the head × the verticality position of the anterior insertion of the primary dorsal fin rays, and the anterior insertion of the primary dorsal fin × the anterior insertion of the pectoral fin were greater in the Korean bullhead than in the Ussurian bullhead (p<0.05). However, the relative sizes of the head region, pectoral fin, ventral fin, and anal fin were greater in the Ussurian bullhead than in the Korean bullhead (p<0.05), and relative body depth and the size of the outer-mandible barbel were greater in the Korean bullhead than in the Ussurian bullhead (p<0.05). The growth curves of the morphometric characteristics of both species were divided into three types.

Size-dependent Fractionation of Graphene Quantum Dots using Cross-flow Filtration

임상구,강예은,문병기,정은상,양승윤 한국고분자학회 2019 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.44 No.2

Morphometric Characteristic between Diploid and Spontaneous Triploid Carp in Korea

임상구,한형건,구인본,길현우,이태호,박인석 한국발생생물학회 2017 발생과 생식 Vol.21 No.1

We used flowcytometry to ploidy verification after that investigate difference between diploid and spontaneous triploid through the truss dimension and classical dimension at crucian carp, Carassius auratus, crucian carp C. cuvieri and common carp, Cyprinus carpio collected from Hangang river, Hantangang river, Imjingang river, Geumgang river, Yeongsangang river and Nakdonggang river, Korea. There were significant differences among the three species for the truss dimensions anterior origin of dorsal fin (2)× anterior origin of anal fin (5), 2× anterior origin of pelvic fin (6), 2× origin of pectoral fin (7), posterior origin of dorsal fin (3)×5, 3×6, and 3×7 (P<0.05). There were no significant differences among the three species in the truss dimensions dorsal fin length (2×9) and eye diameter (ED)(P>0.05). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the several classical dimensions of each species (P>0.05). Three classical dimensions, most anterior extension of the head (1)×2, 1×6 and 2× most posterior scale in lateral line (4) did not differ between the C. auratus diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). Two classical dimensions, 1×6 and longest length between most anterior extension of the head and gill cover (1×8) did not differ between the C. cuvieri diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). One classical dimensions, 1×2 did not differ between the common carp diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the each diploid and triploid species (P<0.05). These results suggest that the classification of each species and classification between diploid and spontaneous triploid morphometrical parameters used in this study are useful indices of morphometrical status in the each species from major river of Korea.

HCG, LHRHa, Ovaprim and Pimozide 처리에 따른 종어 Leiocassis longirotris의 배란유도

임상구 한국발생생물학회 2012 발생과 생식 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구에서는 각각의 호르몬 처리에 따른 배란유도 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. LHRHa 호르몬을 종어 암컷에2회 투여 시 50과 100 μg/kg 농도에서 100%의 배란율을 보여 가장 높았으며, LHRHa를 1차 처리한 후, 인간 태반성 성선자극호르몬인 HCG를 2차 처리하였을 때, 500 IU에서는 배란이 이루어지지 않았으며, 2,000 IU를 주사한 암컷에서 72%의높은 배란율을 보였다. HCG만 처리했을 시 500~25,000 IU까지 각각 10, 17, 50, 50 및 50%의 배란율을 보였다. Ovaprim 처리에 따른 배란율은 2.5 mL/kg을 주사한 실험구에서 50%의 배란율을 보여 가장 높았다. LHRHa와 pimozide를 혼합하여 처리하였을 때 LHRHa의 농도가 10, 200 및 300일 때 87%의 가장 높은 배란율을 보였다. LHRHa 호르몬을 종어 암컷에2회 투여 시 모든 농도에서 배란시간은 28~44시간까지 소요되었으며, LHRHa를 1차 처리한 후, 인간 태반성 성선자극호르몬인 HCG를 2차 처리하였을 때, 배란시간은 4,000 IU를 주사한 암컷에서 28~34시간으로 가장 짧았다. HCG를 처리하였을때, 25,000 IU를 주사한 암컷에서 66~72시간이 소요되었고, LHRHa와 HCG를 2차 처리한 실험구에 비해 배란시간이 길었다. Ovaprim을 처리한 실험구에서는 2.5 mL/kg을 투여 시 66~72시간으로 배란시간이 가장 짧았으며, LHRHa와 pimozide (1,000 μg/kg)를 혼합처리시, 300 μg/kg과 400 μg/kg에서 각각 62~70시간과 66~70시간으로 소요시간이 가장 짧았으며,50 μg/kg에서 80~86시간으로 소요시간이 가장 길었다. LHRHa 호르몬을 종어 암컷에 2회 투여 시 50 μg/kg의 농도에서수정률 68.4%와 부화율 58.4%로 100, 150 및 200 μg/kg 농도의 수정률과 부화율보다 높았다. LHRHa 50μg/kg을주사하고, 24시간 후, HCG 처리했을 때, 수정률과 부화율도 각각 35.2와 24.2%로 가장 높았으며, HCG의 처리 후, 수정률과 부화율은 15,000 IU에서 55.2와 46.6%로 가장 높았다. Ovaprim 0.5 mL/kg의 농도를 주사한 실험구에서 2.5mL/kg을 주사한 실험구에서 56.8과 30.8%의 수정률과 부화율을 보였으며, LHRHa와 pimozide를 혼합하여 처리하였을때 50 μg/kg의 농도에서 수정률과 부화율이 각각 38.6 및 25.3%로 가장 낮았고 200 μg/kg의 농도에서 62.4와 70.3%로가장 높았다.

한국산 꺽지 Coreoperca herzi (농어목 꺽지과)의 생식주기

임상구,김계원,정규화,한창희,강기영,김정우 한국어류학회 2011 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

To clarify the annual reproductive cycle of the Korean perch, Coreoperca herzi, the seasonal changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), histological aspects of gonad and liver, and plasma levels of sex steroid hormones were investigated from June 1994 to April 1996. The annual variations of GSI and HSI were positively related to the plasma levels of sex steroid hormones. Estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone levels were raised during the April to May. Based on the related results, annual reproductive cycle of the fish could be divided into five successive stages;1) Growing stage (from February to March: GSI was increased rapidly and oocytes with yolk vesicle was increased. Nucleus migrates toward the animal pole. Spermatids were activated from the epithelial tissue of lobuli). 2) Maturation and spawning stage (from April to June: Oocytes were accumulated yolk globules. Active spermatogenesis was observed). 3) Degeneration or stagnation phase (from July to August). 4) Recovery phase (from September to November) and 5) resting phase (from December to January). The main spawning period was in May. 꺽지, Coreoperca herzi의 생식 년주기를 규명하기 위하여 1994년 7월부터 1996년 4월까지 경남 산청군 경호강에서 실험어를 채집하여 수온, 일장, GSI, HSI, 생식소의 조직학적 조사 및 혈중 스테로이드 호르몬의 농도변화를 조사하였다. GSI는 2월부터 급격히 상승하여 4월에 최대치를 나타내고 5월까지 높은 값을 유지하다가 하강하기 시작하여 8월에 최저값을 나타내었다. 혈중 E2, testosterone의 혈중 스테로이드 호르몬 농도는 GSI의 변화와 유사한 양상을 나타냈다. 방란, 방정 후 난소 소낭 내에서는 짧은 퇴화기가 관찰되며, 어린 난모세포가 계속 성장하여 난황합성 전기의 상태에서 저수온기에 휴지기 상태로 월동하여 이듬해 수온 상승기에 일제히 성장한다. 정소 역시 짧은 퇴화기(7월)와 오랜 휴지기(10~2월)를 가진다. 본 종의 생식 년주기는 성장 및 성숙기(2월~4월 초순),완숙 및 산란기(4월 하순~6월 초순), 퇴화 및 정체기(7~8월), 회복기 (9월~11월 초순), 휴지기 (12월~1월)로 나누어지며 주 산란기는 5월이었다.

동자개 ( Pseudobagrus fulvidraco ) 의 난모세포 성숙과 배란에 대한 스테로이드와 HCG 의 in vitro 효과

임상구(Sang Koo Lim),백혜자(Hea Ja Baek),한창희(Chang Hee Han) 한국수산과학회 1997 한국수산과학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of steroids and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on in vitro maturation and ovulation of oocyte in Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. Oocytes were incubated in the media Leibovitz L15 supplemented with the various concentration of 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α20βOHP), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17αOHP), progesterone (P₄), estradiol-17β(E₂)and HCG. After 60 hours incubation, the maturation ability of oocyte was assessed by the appearance of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). GVBD was significantly enhanced by the addition of 17α20βOHP, 17αOHP, P₄and HCG (P<0.05). The highest GVBD was observed when 17α20βOHP and HCG were supplemented to media. When oocytes were cultured for 16 hours in media containing 10∼1,000 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP, 17αOHP and P₄, the rate of GVBD in oocytes cultured in the medium supplemented with 100 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP (65%) was significantly higher than that with 17αONP (40%) and P₄(35%). The effects of 17α20βOHP and HCG on GVBD were assessed by various concentration of these hormones. When oocytes were cultured for 60 hours in various media containing 1∼1,000ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP or 5∼1,000 IU/㎖ HCG, the GVBD of oocytes was significantly increased in the medium with 10∼100 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP and 500 IU/㎖ HCG. When oocytes were cultured in the various media supplemented with 1∼1,000 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP or 5∼1,000 IU/㎖ HCG for 60 hours, the media with 1∼100 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP or 50∼1,000 IU/㎖ HCG significantly increased in the rate of ovulation. However supplementation with 1,000 ng/㎖ 17α20βOHP or 5 IU/㎖ HCG did not improve the rate of ovulation compared to controls. This results indicate that supplementation of steroid and HCG except E₂can improve the in vitro maturation and ovulation of oocyte in P. fulvidraco; HCG and 17α20βOHP may be more effective than other steroids on oocyte maturation and ovulation in P. fulvidraco.