애니메이션 TV-CM사례 연구 - 라인애니메이션을 중심으로 -

박장열 ( Park Jang Yul ),이인걸 ( Lee In Gul ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2005 한국디자인포럼 Vol.12 No.-

디지털기술의 발달로 휴대폰이 필수품이 되었고 언제 어디서나 메신저의 채팅창을 통해 끊임없는 대화를 나누며 텔레비전 속에서 세상 온갖 문물을 만나볼 수 있는 디지털문명시대 속에 우리는 살아가고 있다. 하지만 사람들은 기술의 발전이 주는 문명의 이기 속에서 오히려 변화에 소외될 것을 두려워하며 시대의 급박한 흐름에 휩쓸려 경제 불황의 늪에서 허덕이고 있다. 이러한 불안과 불황의 분위기를 돌파하기 위해 최첨단의 기술 속에서 인간다움을 찾고, 차가운 라인들을 통해 서로 따뜻함을 교류하는 아이러니를 연출하고 있다. 이런 상황은 사회상을 대변하는 영상매체 속에서도 나타나고 있다. 현재 제작되고 있는 대부분의 3D 애니메이션 작품들이 기존의 차갑고 사실을 표방한 이질적 기법에서 벗어나 2.5D(3D의 카툰화)기법을 통해 따뜻한 분위기와 인간다움을 담은 라인 애니메이션으로 변화하고 있다. 본 논문은 3D CG가 가진 다양한 공간구성의 가능, 광범위한 크리에이티브의 표출, 지속적 사용 가능성 등의 장점에 덧붙여 따뜻하고 인간다운 휴머니티를 찾는 사회분위기에 발맞춰 라인 애니메이션을 활용한 TV-CM에 대해 분석해보고 앞으로의 발전가능성에 대해 논의해보고자 한다. We are living in the digital era that celluar phone became a must-have item, on-going conversation through the internet chatting program is available to us anytime anywhere and TV allows us to meet all the kinds of culture over the world. In other words, we live in the period of digital civilization. However, people are afraid of getting behind changes under a modern convenience resulted from the advancement of technology and struggled with an economic depression due to the rapid current of the times. It is a gloomy turn of the digital period. To find a way out of the fear and depression, people ironically try to find human nature in the state-of-the-art technologies and interchange heart-warming mind with cold liens. The ironical situation is also found in video media representative of a mirror of society. Currently, most 3D animation works pursue not the existing heterogeneous technique expressing cold-hearted and actual aspects but 2.5D (cartoonization of 3D) technique, which allows expression of warn-hearted mood and human nature with line animation. This study is to describe various advantages of 3D CG including formation of various space structures, wide expression of creativity and continuous availability analyze TV-CMs using line animation on the basis of the social mood pursuing warm-hearted and human nature, and discuss its development potential in future.

복합나트륨염의 Salmonella gallinarum 감염 육계에 대한 치료효과

이여은,차춘남,손송이,유창열,박은기,김석,이후장 한국임상수의학회 2013 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.30 No.1

The objectives in the present study were to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a sodium salts mixture against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler. Of this study, sixty broilers at two weeks of age (body weight, 450 ± 35 g)were used to estimate the efficacy of a sodium salts mixture (3.25 mg sodium azide, 2.45 mg sodium cyanide, 0.8 g sodium chlorate) against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler with drinking water. Broilers challenged with S. gallinarum were administered with × 1(group I) and × 2(group II) sodium salt mixture for seven days, and cecal content samples were collected at the gate of treatment and on 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th day after administration. Changes in body weight and cecal shedding of S. gallinarum were monitored during the experimental period. All groups treated with the sodium salt mixture slightly increased body weight compared to control group but there is no significant difference. At 7th day after administration, the number of S. gallinarum in group I and II was significantly decreased compared to control group (p < 0.001). In the hematological and blood biochemical analysis, values of parameters were not significantly different between the treated groups and control group. From results of the present study, the sodium salt mixture had therapeutic effect on S. gallinarum infection in broilers.

염화벤지코늄과 구연산을 주성분으로 하는 살균 소독제 라미아-킬에 대한 급성경구독성 및 피부자극성 시험에 관한 연구

차춘남,이여은,손송이,유창열,박은기,최현주,김석,이후장,Cha, Chun-Nam,Lee, Yeo-Eun,Son, Song-Ee,Yoo, Chang-Yeol,Park, Eun-Kee,Choi, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Suk,Lee, Hu-Jang 한국식품위생안전성학회 2011 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.26 No.4

살균소독제, 라미아-킬(benzalkonium chloride(20%), citric acid(20%))에 대하여 랫드와 토끼를 이용하여 급성경구독 성과 피부 자극성 평가를 각각 수행하였다. 랫드에 라미아-킬 2,000 mg/kg 농도를 최고농도로 하여 단회 투여 후, 14일간 관찰한 결과, 사망, 이상증상 및 체 중변화 등은 관찰되지 않아, 라미아-킬의 $LD_{50}$은 2,000 mg/kg 이상으로 추정되었다. 토끼의 등 부위의 털을 제거하고 찰과부위와 비찰과 부위에 여러 농도로 라미아-킬을 도포 한 후, 피부 자극성을 확인한 결과, 라미아-킬의 l차 자극 지수가 0.50으로 비자극성 물질로 분류되었다. 따라서, 본 연구를 통하여, 라미아-킬은 급성경구독성 시 안전한 물질이며, 피부 자극성을 야기하지 않는 물질로 평가되었다. This test was performed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity and skin irritation of Lamia-Kill$^{(R)}$, disinfectant, containing 20% benzalkonium chloride and 10% citric acid. In acute oral toxicity, Lamia-Kill$^{(R)}$ was orally administered at dose levels of 2,000, 1,000, 500, 250 and 0 mg/kg body weight. After single oral administration to both sexes of SD rats, the rats were observed for 14 days. In primary skin irritation test, New Zealand white rabbits were dermally treated with Lamia-Kill$^{(R)}$ for 24 hr and observed for 3 days. All rats treated with Lamia-Kill$^{(R)}$ were induced no toxic signs in mortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings. Also, the disinfectant did not induce any adverse reactions such as erythema and edema on intact skin sites for the most part rabbits, but on abraded skin sites, some rabbits showed very slight erythema on 24 hr after topical application. With the results of this study, Lamia-Kill$^{(R)}$ have no effect on acute toxicity and side effect in SD rats and was classified as a practically non-irritating material based on the score 0.50 of primary irritation index.

염화벤자코늄과 구연산을 주성분으로 하는 살균 소독제 라미아-킬에 대한 급성경구독성 및 피부자극성 시험에 관한 연구

차춘남,이후장,이여은,손송이,유창열,박은기,최현주,김석 한국식품위생안전성학회 2011 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.26 No.4

This test was performed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity and skin irritation of Lamia-Kill®, disinfectant,containing 20% benzalkonium chloride and 10% citric acid. In acute oral toxicity, Lamia-Kill® was orally administered at dose levels of 2,000, 1,000, 500, 250 and 0 mg/kg body weight. After single oral administration to both sexes of SD rats, the rats were observed for 14 days. In primary skin irritation test, New Zealand white rabbits were dermally treated with Lamia-Kill® for 24 hr and observed for 3 days. All rats treated with Lamia-Kill® were induced no toxic signs in mortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings. Also, the disinfectant did not induce any adverse reactions such as erythema and edema on intact skin sites for the most part rabbits, but on abraded skin sites, some rabbits showed very slight erythema on 24 hr after topical application. With the results of this study,Lamia-Kill® have no effect on acute toxicity and side effect in SD rats and was classified as a practically non-irritating material based on the score 0.50 of primary irritation index.

급성 관동맥 증후군 환자에서 예후 지표로서 N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide의 유용성

백경기,전은석,이일,김성해,김제상,송필상,류동열,최진호,성지동,이상철,박승우,권현철,김준수,김덕경,이상훈,홍경표,박정의 대한심장학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.11

Background and Objectives:Biochemical markers are useful for the prediction of cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The N-terminal fragment of the BNP prohormone (NT-proBNP), which is synthesized by cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall stress, may be a prognostic marker in ACS. The relation between the NT-pro BNP levels on admission and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were assessed in a cohort of patients with ACS. Subjects and Methods:Between October 2002 and April 2004, blood samples for the determination of NT-proBNP level were obtained on admission from 78 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 32 with non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) and 66 with unstable angina (UA). Patients were followed concerning MACEs (death, MI, heart failure, stroke and revascularization) for a median of 7 months in median. Results:22 patients (13%) had events. The mean NT-proBNP level was significantly lower in the event-free survivors than in those with events (1342±1598 versus 6129±6522 pg/mL, p<0.0001). The optimal cut-off value of the NT-proBNP level using a receiver-operating-characteristic curve was 1445 pg/mL. The unadjusted risk ratio of patients with an NT-proBNP level greater than the threshold was 7.0 (95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 19.0). In a multivariate Cox regression model, including clinical background factors and other biochemical markers, the NT-proBNP level was the most powerful indicator of MACEs (risk ratio, 8.0 [95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 37.1]). The coronary angiographic Gensini score was also a predictor of prognosis in ACS (risk ratio, 3.8 [95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 14.0]). Conclusion:A single measurement of the NT-proBNP level on admission appears to be useful as a prognostic factor in the prediction of MACEs in patients after ACS. (Korean Circulation J 2004;34(11):1070-1081) 배경 및 목적: 급성 관동맥 증후군환자의 예후를 예측하는데 생화학적 지표들이 유용한 것으로 보고되고 있다. NT-proBNP는 심실벽의 증가된 압력과 긴장에 반응하여 주로 심실에서 생산되는 호르몬으로 급성 관동맥 증후군에서 예후지표로 사용될 수 있다. 입원 시 측정한 혈중 NT-proBNP치와 치료 후 발생하는 major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)를 추적 관찰하여 예후지표로서 NT-proBNP의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2002년 8월부터 2004년 4월까지 급성 관동맥 증후군으로 진단 받아 삼성 서울 병원 심장내과 중환자실에 입원한 환자 176명을 대상으로 7개월(중앙값)간의 기간 동안 심혈관 질환으로 인한 사망, 심근경색, 심부전, 뇌졸중, 혈관개통여부와 같은 major adverse cardiovascular events의 발생여부를 추적 관찰하였다. 결 과: 22명(13%)의 환자에서 MACEs가 발생하였다. MACEs가 발생하지 않은 환자군보다 발생한 환자군에서 혈중 NT-proBNP치가 유의하게 높았다(1342±1598 pg/mL versus 6129±6522 pg/ml, p<0.0001). ROC curve를 분석한 결과 MACEs에 대한 혈중 NT-proBNP치의 가장 적절한 cut-off 수치는 1445 pg/mL 였다. 혈중 NT-proBNP치가 cut-off치 이상(≥1445 pg/mL)인 환자들의 미만인 환자들에 대한 비교위험도는 7.00(95% 신뢰구간, 2.57-19.0)였다. 다른 생화학적 표시자와 임상적인 위험인자를 포함하는 다중 회귀 분석결과 혈중 NT-proBNP치가 cut-off수치 이상인 환자들의 미만인 환자들에대한 비교위험도가 8.01(95% 신뢰구간, 1.73-37.1)였다. 관동맥 조영에서 협착의 정도를 반정량화한 Gensini score도 MACEs에대한 예측인자로서 통계적으로 유의하였다(비교위험도, 3.8 [95% 신뢰구간, 1.0-14.0]). 결 론: 급성 관동맥 증후군환자에서 입원 시 측정한 NT-proBNP치는 이후 발생하는 MACEs를 예측하는데 유용한 생화학적 표시자이다.

Antimicrobial Efficacy of the Disinfectant Solution Nanoxil® Against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria

차춘남,정원철,이여은,유창열,김석,이후장 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.6

Fish pathogenic bacteria are a considerable danger of farmed fish and a source of economic loss in the fish farming industry. In this study, Nanoxil® was compared to hydrogen peroxide and a silver colloid in terms of disinfection efficacy against E. tarda, V. anguillarum and S. iniae. A bactericidal efficacy test conducted by a broth dilution method was used to determine the lowest effective dilution of the disinfectant following exposure to test bacteria for 30 min at 4oC. Nanoxil® and test bacteria were diluted with distilled water (DW), hard water (HW) or an organic matter suspension (OM) according to the treatment condition. Under the OM condition, the bactericidal activity of Nanoxil® against E. tarda exhibited a lowered efficacy compared to that under the DW and HW conditions. Nanoxil® at 500 fold under all of the conditions demonstrated a high bactericidal efficacy against S. iniae. As Nanoxil® possess bactericidal efficacy against fish pathogenic bacteria such as E. tarda, V. anguillarum and S. iniae,this disinfectant solution can be used to limit the spread of fish bacterial diseases.

E. coli와 Salmonella에 의한 자돈설사에 있어서 Dioctahedral Smectite의 치료효과

정원철,차춘남,김영일,이여은,유창열,김석,이후장 한국임상수의학회 2010 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.27 No.4

The objectives in the present study were to evaluate the therapeutic effect of dioctahedral smectite (smectite)against piglet diarrhea caused by E. coli and Salmonella. Of this study, twenty piglets (body weight, 6.60 ± 0.34 kg)with diarrhea were used to estimate the efficacy of smectite on piglet diarrhea with 20% smectite suspension in PBS. Pigs were administered with 1 ml smectite suspension three times a day after feeding, and fecal samples were collected at the gate of treatment and on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th day after administration. Changes in body weight, diarrhea index, and shedding of E. coli and Salmonella were monitored during the experimental period. The group treated with smectite reduced diarrhea index (p < 0.01), and increased body weight compared to control group. In the treated group, the number of E. coli and Salmonella was significantly decreased compared to each control group (p < 0.01). From results of the present study, 20% smectite suspension had therapeutic effect on diarrhea caused by E. coli and Salmonella in piglets.

Anticoccidial Efficacy of Coccimuel-S composed with Diclazuril on Experimental and Field Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens

차춘남,손송이,김석,이여은,유창열,박은기,이후장 한국임상수의학회 2012 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The efficacy of water soluble formulation of diclazuril (Coccimuel-S 0.5%) was tested against Eimeria spp. infection broiler chickens. The experiment was performed both experimentally infection and in the field test. Coccimuel-S composed with diclazuril induced a marked inhibitory effect on the different stages of Eimeria life cycle in experimentally infected broiler chickens treated with the drug. The tested dosage levels of Coccimuel-S (0.5 ml/L,equivalent to diclazuril 2.5 ppm) in drinking water showed the significant effect compared with the control group in controlling coccidial infection and reducing the total oocyst numbers, lesion and fecal scores (p < 0.001). In addition,testing of Coccimuel-S (0.25 and 0.5 ml/L) in naturally infected poultry farms (1,200 broiler chickens), showed the significant anticoccidial effect compared to control (p < 0.001). In conclusion, addition of Coccimuel-S at the dose of 0.25 and 0.5 ml/L in the drinking water, induced efficacious effect for the treatment of coccidiosis in naturally coccidia infected broiler chickens.

Tandem熔接으로 因한 溫度分布 및 熱應力

金曉哲(Hyochul Kim),李?烈(J.Y. Lee) 대한조선학회 1977 大韓造船學會誌 Vol.14 No.3

이산화규소 나노입자의 마우스 복강 내 주입에 의한 급성독성

차춘남,이후장,정원철,김곤섭,김의경,김석,이여은,유창열 한국식품위생안전성학회 2011 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.26 No.1

For the application of nano-sized material in various fields, the evaluation of nano-sized material toxicity is important. In the present study, various concentrations of 200 nm-sized silicon dioxide nanoparticle suspension were intraperitonially injected into mice to identify the toxicity of silicon dioxide nanoparticle in vivo. In the hematological analysis of group II treated with silicon dioxide nanoparticle 100 mg/kg body weight, lymphocytes and monocytes were significantly different compared to the control group. In group III treated with silicon dioxide nanoparticle 200 mg/kg body weight, lymphocytes, monocytes and hemoglobin were significantly different compared to the control group. In blood biochemical analysis of group III, the concentration of AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine were significantly different compared to the control group. Histopathologic examination of the kidney indicated a mild injury only in mice received 200 mg/kg silicon dioxide nanoparticle. According to the results of the present study, the significant differences in the hematological and blood biochemical analyses and abnormal histopathological findings in the mouse kidney may have been related to exposure to silicon dioxide nanoparticle.