장기요양서비스에 대한 노인상담 실태와 영향 요인

이홍자,김춘미 지역사회간호학회 2011 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine satisfaction with counseling in long-term care service, and to compare the scores of counseling satisfaction according to variables among beneficiaries of Korean long-term care services. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 445 beneficiaries of long-term care insurance to measure satisfaction with counseling. Research design was cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA for evaluating differences in satisfaction with counseling according to variables including economic status, the level of long-term care insurance approval, duration of long term care service, and conditions of counseling. Results: The score of satisfaction with counseling was somewhat high as 71.67. The score of counselor’s attitude was highest among the subcategories of satisfaction. The factors that influenced satisfaction with counseling were frequency and time of counseling (F=12.19, p<.001). Conclusion: Home-based individual counseling is necessary for the elderly who need long-term care service. The National Long-term Care Insurance Corporation should offer counseling and assistance to elders and their caregivers about long term care insurance.

유산소운동이 중년여성의 신체구성, 혈청지질, 자기효능 및삶의 만족도에 미치는 효과

이홍자 대한임상건강증진학회 2007 Korean Journal of Health Promotion Vol.7 No.3

한국 여성노인의 자살 생각 영향요인에 대한 구조모형 분석

이홍자,이도현 대한임상건강증진학회 2014 Korean Journal of Health Promotion Vol.14 No.4

연구배경: 한국의 자살률은 1990년 중반 이후 급속하게증가하는 추세에 있으며, 특히 노인 자살이 사회적 문제가되고 있다. 노인 인구가 급증하고 있음에도 불구하고 노인자살의 관련 요인에 대한 연구는 미흡하다. 이에 본 연구는 여성노인을 대상으로 노인 자살 생각의 관련 요인을 분석하고 일상생활수행 능력, 사회적 지지, 우울 및 자살 생각의 구조모형 분석을 실시하여 노인 자살 예방 프로그램개발에 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 방법: 자기기입식 설문지를 이용한 횡단적 조사연구이며, 자료수집 기간은 2013년 6월 1일부터 6월 30일까지다. 농촌과 도시 지역에 거주하는 65세 이상의 여성노인 194명을 대상으로 하였으며, 일반적 특성, 일상생활수행 능력,사회적 지기, 우울 및 자살 생각을 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균과 표준편차를 구하였으며, 변수의 차이는 t-test, ANOVA test로 분석하였다. 상관성과 관련 요인은 Pearson correlationcoefficient와 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였고, 구조모형 분석은 AMOS 22 프로그램을 이용하여 StructuralEquation Modeling 분석을 하였다. 결과: 자살 생각은 경제 상태(r=-0.280, P<0.001), 사회적지지(r=-0.393, P<0.001), 우울(r=-0.289, P<0.001)과 상관성이 있었고, 우울은 자살 생각뿐 아니라 ADL (r=0.195,P=0.006), 사회적 지지(r=-0.337, P<0.001)와도 관련이 있었다. 연구 모형 분석 결과 모형 적합도가 기준을 충족하였으며, 우울은 자살 생각에 직접효과(standardized estimateesti mate=0.157, P=0.023)를 보였고, 사회적 지지는 자살 생각에 직접효과(standardized estimate=-0.308, P<0.001)와 간접효과(standardized estimate=-0.053, P<0.001)를 모두 보였다. ADL은 우울을 통하여 자살 생각에 간접효과를 나타내었다. 결론: 노인의 자살을 예방하기 위하여 자살 생각에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치는 요인을 고려한 프로그램 개발이필요하다. 이를 위해 일상생활수행 능력을 향상시키고, 우울을 감소시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하고, 직간접적으로 효과를 미치는 사회적 지지는 매우 중요한 요인이 되므로 이를 고려한 정책을 수립하여야 한다. Background: Although the suicide rate in Korea is the highest in the world, only limited studies have been doneon suicide and its associated factors. In this regard, we studied a conceptual model and the relationships andinteractions of activity of daily living (ADL), social support, depression, and suicidal ideation among elderlywomen in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, subjects included 194 community-dwelling elderly women. TheirADL, multi-dimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), depression, and suicidal ideation (SI) wereexamined. The t-test, ANOVA test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and structuralequation modeling were utilized in data analysis. Results: There were significant correlations between SI and economic status, social support, and depression. Depression was correlated with not only SI but also ADL (r=0.195, P=0.006) and social support (r=-0.337,P<0.001). Absolute fit indices demonstrated that the research model had a good model fit. There were significantfactor loading values from depression to SI (standardized estimate=0.157, P=0.023) and from socialsupport to SI (standardized estimate=-0.308, P<0.001). There were two indirect effects from social support toSI and from ADL to SI. The mediating factor of these two indirect effects was depression. Conclusions: Suicidal ideation in the elderly needs to be prevented; and more attention should be given to thisend. Social support programs encouraging family participation are greatly effective in prevention of senior citizens'suicidal ideation.

베트남 결혼이주여성의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향요인 분석

이홍자,김춘미,박명숙 한국지역사회간호학회 2015 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors influencing the quality of life in Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea. The factors included socio-demographic characteristics, spouse’s support, and social support of Vietnamese married immigrant women. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted to collect data from 190 subjects during the period between May and June, 2015. The randomly sampled subjects answered a self-report questionnaire translated into Vietnamese. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21. Results: The subjects’ quality of life was found to be influenced by economic level, subjective perception of their own and spouse’s health, Korean communication ability, spouse’s support, and social support. The most influential factor for the quality of life was spouse’s support, and next, subjective perception of their own health, Korean communication ability, and economic level in order of influence. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that social support programs should be customized to the subjects’ characteristics in order for married immigrant women to adjust themselves to new Korean environments and to lead a high-qualitylife through the promotion of marital relationship, Korean communication ability, health status, and economic capability.

육조지괴(六朝志怪)를 통해 본 귀(鬼)의 유형 : 고소설구침(古小說鉤沈)을 중심으로

이홍자 한국중국학회 1981 중국학보 Vol.22 No.1

도시와 농촌 노인의 건강기능 상태 및 요양시설 이용의사

이홍자 지역사회간호학회 2008 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in health status and the utilization of long-term care service between urban and rural aged residents in Korea. Methods: Through convenience sampling, 1,405 elders (829 from urban areas and 576 from rural areas) were selected during March 1 to May 31 in 2004. All the subjects agreed to participate and filled out the survey questionnaire after signing the consent form. The instruments utilized in this study were the impairment of physio-sensory function, ADL IADL, cognitive function, and psycho-social function scale. This instrument was developed by modifying the scale developed by Gurland & Wilder (1984). Data was analyzed using the SPSS Win program. Results: There were significant differences in economic status, duration of living and type of medical insurance between rural and urban elderly(p<.05). Physio-sensory functions (t=4.53, p<.001), ADL (t=3.61, p<.001), IADL (t=2.45, p=.014), cognitive functions (t=-2.63, p=.024) and psycho-social functions (t=3.69, p<.001) were significantly different between the two groups. The utilization of long-term care facility in the urban elderly was significantly higher than that in the rural elderly (x2 =10.14, p<.001). Conclusion: Considering these findings, the need for long-term care should be assessed by residence characteristics. Because of different utilization of long term care facility according to the elderly's needs, long-term care services should be considered the residence characteristics.

중국의 보건의료제도 고찰

이홍자,이화인 경인여자대학 1998 경인논집 Vol.- No.7

This study has attempted to know the health care system in post - Mao China. The model developed by the World Health organization was used as the criteria of the analysis in health care system of China. China is a typical country with the socialized health care system before 1976. Before 1976, the health care system of China is entirely under the control of public sector. This study presents the major changes in the health care system of China including decentralization of the public health care system, development of multiple health care providers, increased competition among these providers, and the chosing the health care by the patients. These changes in and around clinics of the Chinese health care system took place between 1976 and 1995. The health care system is inseparable from the social, political and economic development. There is a big economical differences between the rich and the poor. Chinese health care system is influenced by free market system in private sector, and managed by central and country government in public sector. The patients pay the medical fee by fee-for-service in private sector. So it is too difficult to see a doctor for the poor in private clinics. This study is based upon the statistical reports and the literatures.

장기요양서비스 수급 후기노인의 인지향상 프로그램 중재 효과

이홍자,이도현 한국지역사회간호학회 2013 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Purpose: This study was conducted to test effects of a cognition activation program on ADL, cognitive functions,depression, and QOL in the institutionalized elderly. Methods: The subjects were 40 elders who were admittedto a nursing home, with 20 of them in the experimental group and the other 20 in the control group. Data werecollected from September 1 to December 17, 2012. The experimental group participated in a 12 week interventionprogram. ADL, cognitive functions, depression, and QOL were measured before and after the intervention. Datawere analyzed by t-test and regression analysis of the SPSS and AMOS programs. Results: ADL (t=2.468,p=.017), depression (t=-2.625, p=012), and QOL (t=2.428, p=.020) were more significantly improved in the experimentalgroup than in the control group, but there were no statistical differences in cognitive function betweenthe two groups. Cognitive functions had positive effects on ADL (CR=-2.263, p=.024) and depression affectedQOL (CR=-7.248, p<.001). Conclusion: The intervention program had positive effects on ADL, depression, andQOL except cognition. Cognitive functions of elders dramatically decrease after age 85, and it takes too muchtime to improve it. Therefore the program for the improvement of cognitive functions should be provided as earlyas possible.

21세기 간호전문학사 양성을 위한 간호과 교육과정 개발

이홍자,김숙영,이화인,한영란,손행미,전은미,조경미,주혜주 경인여자대학 1997 경인논집 Vol.- No.6s

Factors Affecting Family Caregivers’ Burden and Depression in Home-based Long-Term Care Service under the Long-Term Care Insurance System

이홍자,김춘미 한국지역사회간호학회 2018 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.29 No.4

Purpose: This study tried to identify changes in family burden after the introduction of the long-term care insurance and to examine the factors influencing subjective and objective caring burden and depression of family caregivers of elders receiving home-based long-term care. Methods: Data were collected from 203 family caregivers of elders from August 1 to 31, 2015 using questionnaires. They were analyzed in descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA test, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of depression was 7.24, which suggested mild depression level. The subjective family burden was 2.71 and the objective burden 3.04. The factors affecting depression included subjective burden (t=5.08, p<.001), objective burden (t=2.80, p=.006), time of elderly care per day (t=-3.61, p< .001), caregiving duration (t=3.33, p=.001), age (t=3.13, p=.002), family relationship (t=2.48, p=.014), and economic status (t=1.99, p=.047). Conclusion: The family burden was most important influencing factor on caregiver’s depression. Therefore, services and supports to alleviate caregivers’ burden in the home-based care should be added to long-term care.