Bacillus sphaericus ts - D1290 치사돌연변이주의 단백질 패턴

이형환,유관희,서정희 한국유전학회 1990 Genes & Genomics Vol.12 No.3

Bacillus sphaericu; ts-D1290 lethal mutant was comparatively characterized with the wild type strain 1593 by the measurements of the biosynthesis of total proteins on the temperature-sensitive cultures at permissive temperature of 30℃ and at nonpermissive-temperature of 42℃. The protein syntheses in the spores of the ts-D1290 and the wild type strain at 30℃ occurred in 6 to 8 hours after inoculation. When the spores of the mutant were cultured at 42℃, they germinated, but the protein synthesis almost did not occur, and the number of viable cells did not increase at 42℃. Vegitative cells after the germination of the wild type spores at 30℃, proteins of 140 and 150 kilodaltons produced within 1 or 2 hours in the cells; however, after a 2 h culture, the amounts of the 150 Kd protein increased. While the 140 kd protein did not produced in the mutant, only the 150 Kd protein produced in the cell, The 155 kd protein produced after a 4 h culture at 30℃.

토양에서 분리한 bacillus thuringiensis의 특성

이형환,박미연,이창운 한국미생물학회 1986 미생물학회지 Vol.24 No.2

The isolate HL-15 of Bacillus thuringiensis had common biochemical characteristics of the 23 serovarieties of B. thuringiensis. The isolates formed round endotoxin crystals which killed insect larvae, showed independent serological H antigen to the 23 serotypes, and contained two defferect DNA elements with over 100 Mdaltons of molecular weights.

Bacillus thuringiensis serovar. Thuringiensis의 내독소 생산조건

이형환,이희무 한국식물병리학회 1986 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.25 No.2

미생물 살충제의 특성과 전망 (2) -살충세균을 이용한 무공해 살충제-

이형환 한국작물보호협회 1984 자연과 농업 Vol.5 No.12

Bacillus thuringiensis serovar. thuringiensis의 내독소 생산조건

이형환,이희무 한국응용곤충학회 1986 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis H1균을 4종류의 배지에서 배지 조성 및 pH 조건에 따라서 성장 양상과 아포와 내독소 결정체 생산을 조사했다. 1. 4개의 M-배지중 pH 9인 M-3배지에서 BTT의 증식량과 내독소 결정체 및 아포 생산수가 가장 높았다. 150ml배양에서 BTT의 생산량은 3.218g이었고, 생존 아포수는 ml당 개였고, 내독소 결정체의 회수된 무게비는 20.05%였다. 2. M-1배지에서 BTT의 세대시간은 평균 47.6분이었고, M-2에서는 평균 49.6분, M-3에서는 평균 132.9분, M-4에서는 평균 110.2분이었다. 3. M-배지의 초기 pH는 72시간 배양 후에 pH 로 변화하였으며, 최적 배양 pH는 이었다. Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis H1 (BTT) strain was cultured in the 4 different fermentation media and then measured their growths and the productions of endotoxin crystals from the culture media. Out of the 4 media, the productions of the endotoxin crystals and spores were maximal in the pH9-M-3 medium. The wet weight of BTT cells grown in the 150ml culture was approximately 3.218g and the number of the viable spores was , and the ratio of the endotoxin weight over total cell weight was 20.05%. The generation time of the BTT bacteria in the M-1 was about 47.6 minutes in the M-2, 132.9 minutes in the M-3 and 110.2 minutes in the M-4. The proper pH for the production of the endotoxin by BTT appeared to be pH 6.5.

Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus clone L - 1 과 ts - B1074 의 감염과 증식과정의 전자현미경적 연구 : AcNPV ts - B1074 의 감염 후기 증식 과정

이형환,이근광,오창근 한국유전학회 1990 Genes & Genomics Vol.12 No.1

The replication sequences of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) ts-B1074 were comparatively visualized at time intervals from 18 to 48 hours postinfection at 25℃ and 32.5℃. The late stages of the multiplication sequence were quite different in the amounts of virogenic stroma formation and nucleocapsid formation, polyhedra occlusion body formation, and occlusion of enveloped virions at 25℃ and 32.5℃. The amounts of virogenic stroma formation decreased and the amounts of NOVs remained more in the nucleus at 32.5℃. The polyhedra appeared early by 18h postinfection at 32.5℃, but later by 24h postinfection. The formations of the polyhedra and the occlusion of the enveloped virions onto the polyhedra were more defective and temperature-sensitive at 32.5℃. Bundling of nucleocapsids and cytopathic effects of virions were not different at either temperature. But the amounts of extracellular NOVs were present much more at 25℃. The mutant had defects in the late genes.

Recombination and Expression of VP1 Gene of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus DRT Strain in a Baculovirus, Hyphantria cunea Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus

이형환,장재혁,차성철,정혜경,Lee, Hyung-Hoan,Chang, Jae-Hyeok,Chung, Hye-Kyung,Cha, Sung-Chul 대한미생물학회 1997 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.27 No.2

전염성 췌장괴저바이러스 (Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus) DRT 주의 VP1유전자를 대 장균 발현운반체와 Baculovirus에 삽입하여 대장균과 진핵세로에서 VP1단백질의 발현을 연구하였다. 재조합체 pMal-pol 클론 [7]에서 2.7 Kb 단편인 VP1 유전자를 제한효소 XbaI으로 절단하여 Baculovirus 운반체인 pBacPAK9에 클로닝하여 pBacVP1이라 명명하였다. 이 pBacVP1에 클로닝된 VP1유전자를 제한효소 SacI과 PstI으로 절단하여 대장균 발현 운반체인 pQE-30에 클로닝하여 pQEVP1이라 명명하였다. 또한 VP1 단백질의 C-말단에 6개의 히스티딘 $6{\times}His$이 붙어 있는 단백질을 만들기 위하여, pQEVP1 클론의 His부위를 EcoRI으로 절단하고, 또한 pBacVP1을 EcoRI으로 절단하여 생긴 부위에His-EcoRI DNA 단편을 교체시켜 재클로닝하여 pBacHis-VP1을 만들었다. pBacHis-VP1 DNA와 Bsu36I로 처리된 LacZ-Hyphantria cunea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LacZ-HcNPV)를 함께 lipofectin을 이용하여 곤충세포 (Spodoptera frugiperda cell)에 동시 감염을 시켜서 재조합 바이러스를 선발하여, VP1-HcNPV-1이라 명명하였다. pQEVP1 클론은 6개의 히스티딘 단편이 부착된 VP1단백질을 Ni-NTA resin 크로마토그래피법으로 정제하여 SDS-PAGE와 Western blot으로 확인하였고, 단백질의 활성과 구조에 영향을 주지 않는 6개의 히스티딘 단편 ($6\;{\times}\;His$)이 부착된 94 kDa의 VP1단백질을 정제할 수 있었다. 또한 재조합 바이러스에 감염된 곤충세포에서 VP1 단백질이 발현된 것을 전기영동과 Western blot으로 검색을 한 결과 95 kDa VP1 단백질이 발현이 되었음을 확인하였다. Expression of the cDNA of the VP1 gene on the genome RNA B segment of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) DRT strain in E. coli and a recombinant baculovirus were carried out. The VP1 gene in the pMal-pol clone (Lee et al. 1995) was cleaved with XbaI and transferred into baculovirus transfer vector, pBacPAK9 and it was named pBacVP1 clone. The VP1 gene in the pBacVP1 clone was double-digested with SacI and PstI and then inserted just behind T5 phage promoter and the $6{\times}His$ region of the pQE-3D expression vector, and it was called pQEVPl. Again, the $6{\times}$His-tagged VP1 DNA fragment in the pQEVP1 was cleaved with EcoRI and transferred into the VP1 site of the pBacVP1, resulting pBacHis-VP1 recombinant. The pBacHis-VP1 DNA was cotransfected with LacZ-Hyphantria cunea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LacZ-HcNPV) DNA digested with Bsu361 onto S. frugiperda cells to make a recombinant virus. One VP1-gene inserted recombinant virus was selected by plaque assay. The recombinant virus was named VP1-HcNPV-1. The $6{\times}$His-tagged VP1 protein produced by the pQEVP1 was purified with Ni-NTA resin chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The molecular weight of the VP1 protein was 94 kDa. The recombinant virus, VP1-HcNPV-1 did not form polyhedral inclusion bodies and expressed VP1 protein with 95 kDa in the infected S. frugiperda cells, which was detected by Western blot. The titer of the VP1-HcNPV-1 in the first infected cells was $2.0{\times}10^5\;pfu/ml$ at 7 days postinfection.

남ㆍ북한 영산회상 분장구조 비교 고찰

이형환,최수빈 한민족문화학회 2014 한민족문화연구 Vol.48 No.-

The primary purpose of this study is to reveal the similarities and differences between the South and North Korean Yeongsanhoesang by comparing the structure of movement and rhythm of the thirteen songs. More specifically, various forms of Yeongsanhoesang and their classification, contents, musical instruments used are analysed. To analyse South Korean Yeongsanhoesang, previously published music books and personally possessed data have been examined while to analyse North Korean Yeongsanhoesang, National Instrument Ensemble Yeongsanhohesang (written by Park Ik-su, published by Pyongyang Art Education Publisher in 1992) has been examined. Consequently, the study results are summarized as followings. First, North Korean Yeongsanhoesang is divided into three kinds: mingan-ryeongsan, dosi-ryeongsan, gungjung-ryeongsan, and they are usually played for dance accompaniment, talchum (masked dance) and parade. Among those three kinds, dosi-ryeongsan can be classified as the same category as South Korean Yeongsanhoesang. Second, the organization of musical instrument of North Korean Yeongsanhoesang is distinguished from that of South Korean Yeongsanhoesang in that high note daegum, jangasenap, North Korean jing, jujaegeum, and Korean mandolin are used. And this difference is considered to suggest some musical changes. Third, North Korean Yeongsanhoesang includes unique beat such as 18/♪, 15/♪, 2/♩,9/♪beat, which are barely used in South Korean Yeongsanhoesang. And the separation of movement in North Korean Yeongsanhoesang is quite different from that in South Korean Yeongsanhoesang. Fourth, in terms of tempo, samhyeon whanip, yeombul hwanip, taryeong and gunak have no difference between the two; gyemun whanip, yangchung whanip, and wujo whanip are almost same except that 1 to 2 tempo is added or removed; other songs (episodes of Yeongsanhoesang) show a marked difference between the two. Finally, North Korean Yeongsanhoesang doesn’t include Pungryu Gutgeori, which is embodied in South Korean mingan-Pungryu. This study focuses on analysing the structure of movement of South and North Korean Yeongsanhoesang; therefore it is not sufficient for musical and melodical analysis. the study of the latter will be conducted in future research. 본 연구는 남ㆍ북한 영산회상의 분장구조를 중심으로 남한과 북한의 영산회상 분류와 곡 내용을 살펴보고 사용악기, 그리고 영산회상 전체 13곡의 분장과 각 장의 장단수를 비교 분석하여 남·북한 영산회상의 차이점과 유사점을 밝혀보려는 목적이 있다. 분석을 위한 자료는 남한의 경우 기존에 출판되어진 악보집과 필자가 소장하고 있는 자료들을 활용하였고, 북한 영산회상 자료는 1992년 평양 예술교육출판사에서 출간된 박익수 편작의 『민족기악합주곡 령산회상』 오선보를 활용하여 비교분석하였다. 남·북한 영산회상 분장구조 비교 고찰을 통해 도출된 결과는 첫째. 북한영산회상의 종류는 ‘민간령산’, ‘도시령산’, ‘궁중령산’으로 구분하고 무용반주음악, 탈춤, 행진음악으로 사용되고 있으며, 남한과 같은 영산회상 개념의 곡은 ‘도시령산’이라고 볼 수있다. 둘째, 악기편성은 남한의 악기편성에서 사용되는 악기이외에 고음저대, 장새납, 북, 징, 저해금, 비파 등 개량된 악기편성을 갖는 것으로 유추 해 볼 때 음악적 변화도 있을 것으로 사료된다. 셋째, 분장구조 분석에서 북한의 영산회상의 특징은 남한에서 사용하지 않는 박자인 18/♪, 15/♪, 2/♩,9/♪박자를 많이 사용하고 있으며, 장별구분은 차이가 많이 나고 있다. 장단 수에서는 상현환입, 염불환입, 타령, 군악은 동일하고, 계면환입, 양청환입, 우조환입은 1~2장단이 가감되어 있어 거의 유사한 장단 수를 갖고 있으며, 나머지 곡들에서는 현격한 차이를 보이고 있다. 또한 남한의 민간풍류에는 존재하는 풍류굿거리 악장은 없는 것으로 나타난다. 본 연구는 남·북한 영산회상의 분장구조가 어떻게 이루어져 음악을 구성하고 있는가하는 차원에서의 연구이기 때문에 음악적이고 선율적 분석에는 한계를 갖는다. 따라서 음악구조적 비교ㆍ분석연구는 향후 연구과제로 남겨 놓겠다.

권두언

이형환 한국미생물생명공학회 1999 생물산업 Vol.12 No.1

N/A

경기 선소리산타령 창법에 관한 고찰

이형환 한국전통음악학회 2009 한국전통음악학 Vol.- No.10