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이현욱,박종배,Haeseong Lee,채건상,한동민,장광엽 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.2
In fungi, cell wall plays an important role in growth and development. Major macromolecular constituents of the aspergilli cell wall are glucan, chitin, and protein. We examined the chemical composition and structure of the Aspergillus nidulans hyphal wall surface by an atomic force microscope (AFM). To determine the composition of the cell wall surface, the adhesion forces of commercially available β-glucan, chitin, and various proteins were compared to those of corresponding fractions prepared from the hyphal wall. In both setups, the adhesion forces of β-glucan, chitin, and protein were 25-50, 1000-3000, and 125-300 nN,respectively. Adhesion force analysis demonstrated that the cell surface of the apical tip region might contain primarily chitin and β-glucan and relatively a little protein. This analysis also showed the chemical composition of the hyphal surface of the mid-region would be different from that of the apical region. Morphological images obtained by the tapping mode of AFM revealed that the hyphal tip surface has moderate roughness.
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휠-레일 접촉 미세마모 입자 발생 감소를 통한 살수 방법의 지하철 시스템 공기 질 향상 효과 연구
이현욱 한국냄새환경학회 2022 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.21 No.2
Although airborne wear particles (AWPs) generated from wheel-rail contacts are the major source of particulate matter (PM) in subway systems, studies on reducing the generation of such particles in order to enhance air quality are extremely rare. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of applying water-lubricant (applying tap water) on improving air quality by reducing the mass concentration (MC) of AWPs from wheel-rail contacts at a train velocity of 73 km/h using a twin-disk rig. An optical particle sizer was used to measure the MC of particles with the diameter range of 0.3 μm~10 μm. The results showed that the generation trends regarding PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were different for dry and water-lubricated conditions: all three PMs showed an increasing-decreasing trend with slip rate under dry conditions; however, they were almost constant with slip rate under water-lubricated conditions. The particle size distributions were also different for dry and water-lubricated conditions: the peak occurred in multi-modal with the largest peak at approximately 6 μm in diameter under dry conditions; whereas, the peak occurred in bi-modal with the largest peak at approximately 0.9 μm in diameter under water-lubricated conditions. In addition, MCs were mostly smaller under water-lubricated conditions than dry conditions except at approximately 0.9 μm in diameter. Applying water significantly decreased PM1~2.5 and PM2.5~10 by more than 95%. This caused a decrease in PM2.5 and PM10 by 48.1% and 78.5%, respectively. On the other hand, applying water increased PM0.3~1 (i.e., PM1) by 52.8%, possibly owing to the effect of water vapor and mineral crystals from tap water. Overall, these findings indicate that water-lubrication can improve air quality in subway systems by reducing the MC of APWs generated from wheel-rail contacts. This study may provide a reference for future studies seeking to improve air quality in subway systems by reducing AWPs generated from wheel-rail contacts by applying lubricants. .
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Pseudomonas sp. 미생물에 의한 염료 및 염색폐수 처리
이현욱,임동준 한국공업화학회 2001 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2001 No.-
염색가공폐수의 색도와 오염원(COD, BOD 등) 제거를 위해 염색가공폐수의 특성을 조사하고 그 특성에 잘 적응할 수 있는 미생물을 개발하였다. 개발한 미생물은 넓은 온도범위와 알칼리성 pH 영역에서 잘 성장하였다. 개발한 미생물을 회분식으로 배양하면서 염료제거효율을 조사한 결과 3 종류의 분산염료를 60% ~80% 제거하였으며, 3 종류의 수용성 염료를 90% 이상 제거하였다. 개발한 미생물을 생물반응기에 배양한 후 염색가공폐수를 회분식과 연속식으로 처리한 결과 염색가공폐수가 가진 열악한 환경조건에서도 잘 성장하였으며, 각종 오염원에 대해 우수한 제거능을 보여주었다. 염색공단 종합 폐수처리장에 유입되는 알칼리성 종합염색가공폐수를 회분식으로 84시간 처리하였을 때 COD<sub>Mn</sub>은 86.0%, 색도는 94.2%, BOD는 96.8% 제거하였고, 연속식으로 처리한 결과 COD<sub>Mn</sub> 용적 부하 0.1 ~ 2.9 COD<sub>Mn</sub>-Kg/m<sup>3</sup>ㆍday 범위에서 COD<sub>Mn</sub> 제거효율은 70.4 ~ 87.2% 범위였고, BOD<sub>5</sub> 용적부하 0.06 ~ 2.23 BOD<sub>5</sub>-Kg/m<sup>3</sup>ㆍday 범위에서 BOD<sub>5</sub>의 제거효율은 83.4. ~ 92.1% 범위였다. 또 유입수의 색도는 1372 ~ 1842 (ADMI unit)범위였는데 처리한 유출수의 색도는 329 ~ 648 (ADMI unit) 범위에서 나타났다.
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