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이변량 웨이블릿 분석을 통한 한반도 장마 및 태풍에 대한 북극진동의 영향 분석
이현욱,유철상 한국방재학회 2019 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.19 No.1
This study performs cross-wavelet analysis between the arctic oscillation index (AOI) and four climate factors: the number of typhoons occurring in the North Pacific, the number of typhoons affecting the Korean Peninsula, the rainfall amount, and the number of rainy days during the monsoon season in Korea. The data period for this analysis was determined to be 1961-2016 by considering the data available, and the analysis was performed annually. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the winter AOI is found to have a greater influence on the climate of Korea than the other seasonal AOIs. The winter AOI and both monsoon characteristics-i.e., the total rainfall depth and the number of rainy days-show a strong correlation for their long-term period components in the 1970s, and for their short-term period components after the 1990s. On the other hand, in recent years, a somewhat different trend is observed: the total rainfall and winter AOI show a strong correlation for the long-term period components, but the number of rainy days and winter AOI show a strong correlation for the short-term period components. Second, this study confirms that the typhoon characteristics, rather than the monsoon characteristics, are weakly correlated with the winter AOI. The number of typhoons affecting the Korean peninsula showed an obvious correlation pattern, changing every ten years from the long-term period components to the short-term period components. However, as the change in correlation characteristics between the AOI and monsoon (or typhoon) is nonstationary without any obvious periodicity, it cannot be used for forecasting purposes. 본 연구에서는 북극진동지수(AOI)와 북태평양에서 발생한 태풍의 개수 및 한반도에 영향을 준 태풍의 개수, 또한 장마기간 중 총강수량 및 장마기간 중 강수일수 등 4개의 기후인자와의 교차 웨이블릿 분석을 시도하였다. AOI 및 태풍, 장마 자료의 가용성을 고려하여 1961년에서 2016년 사이의 자료를 이용하였고, 분석은 연단위로 수행하였다. 본 연구에서의 분석 결과를 정리해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 겨울철 AOI가 다른 계절 AOI보다 한반도의 기후에 큰 영향력을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 겨울철 AOI와 장마특성(장마기간 중 총강수량 및 강수일수)은 1970년대 장주기에서 1990년대 이후에는 단주기에 강한 상관성을 보였으나, 최근에는 총강수량과는 장주기에서 강수일수와는 단주기에서 강한 상관성을 보이는 변화가 나타남을 확인하였다. 둘째, 겨울철 AOI와 태풍 발생특성은 장마특성보다는 약한 상관특성을 보임을 확인하였다. 그러나 한반도에 영향을 준 태풍의 개수는 약 10년 주기로 교차하는 장주기와 단주기와의 상관성이 명확히 존재함을 보여주고 있다. 그러나 전체적으로 보면 AOI와 장마 (또는 태풍) 특성과의 상관특성은 그 변화의 주기성이 비정상적이어서 예측에 활용하기에는 무리가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.
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고려말 새로운 정무 처결 모델의 등장: 공민왕의 報平廳 聽政
이현욱 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소 2024 중앙사론 Vol.- No.62
본 논문은 고려말 ‘聽政’ 논의의 의미를 추적한다. 禑王代 이후 관인들은 국왕에게 지속적으로 ‘청정’의 시행을 청원하였다. 이 시기의 ‘청정’은 정무의 처결이라는 범칭이기보다 특정한 형태의 정치적 의사 결정 과정을 의미하기 시작하였다. 그 특정한 형태의 ‘청정’은 국왕이 관인들의 朝會를 받은 뒤, 그들로부터 사무를 보고받고 그에 관한 처결을 내리는 것이었다. 그렇다면 관인들이 말하는 특정한 형태의 ‘청정’의 아이디어는 어디에서 온 것이었는가? 그 아이디어의 실천은 어떻게 시작되었는가? 그럼에도 관인들이 지속적으로 ‘청정’의 시행을 청원한 이유는 무엇인가? 본고는 이러한 물음에 대한 대답을 찾아보려 한 것이다. ‘청정’의 아이디어는 어디에서 왔으며 어떻게 시행되었을까? 필자는 공민왕 19년에 명 태조가 보낸 璽書에 주목하였다. 이 새서에서 황제는 청정지소가 있어야 신하들에게 존엄함을 보일 수 있다고 주장하였다. 이후 공민왕은 六府와 臺省의 관인들이 자신에게 직접 啓事하도록 지시하였고, 몇 달 뒤 報平廳에서 첫 ‘청정’을 시행하였다. 「無逸篇」 병풍을 세우는 등 ‘청정’을 준비하는 일련의 과정은 공민왕이 ‘청정’을 통해 자신의 존엄함을 보이는 것에 더 관심이 있었음을 보여준다. 그런데 공민왕은 당초의 계획과 달리 청정의 시행 횟수를 크게 줄였고, 그마저도 잘 시행하지 않은 듯하다. 후대의 국왕들 또한 ‘청정’을 시행하였지만 간헐적이고 일회적이었다. 국왕들이 굳이 ‘청정’을 시행하지 않은 이유의 하나는 소수의 측근들을 통해 대부분의 정무를 처결할 수 있었기 때문일 것이다. 충렬왕의 비칙치나 공민왕의 내재추는 원 복속기 이래 측근정치를 보여주는 상징적인 제도였다. 이와 같은 상황에서 관인들은 소수의 측근들이 정권을 장악하는 것에 비판적이었고, 국왕과 관인 일반의 접점 확대를 통하여 당시의 정치적 모델을 바꾸고자 하였다. 이때 관인들은 몇 차례의 시행 경험이 있는 ‘청정’을 동원하였고, 지속적으로 그 시행을 청원하였다. 관인들은 자신들이 직접 국왕에게 사무를 보고하고 그에 대한 처결을 받음으로써 양자의 접점을 확대할 수 있는 ‘청정’ 모델을 선택한 것이다. 공민왕이 ‘청정’에서 자신의 권위를 강조할 수 있는 부분에만 관심을 가졌던 것과는 관심의 방향이 달랐다. This paper traces the meaning of “handling matters of state(聽政)” discussions in Goryeo(高麗). From the reign of King Wu(禑王) onwards, the officials(官人) continuously petitioned the king for the implementation of 'handling matters of state'. Rather than being a generic term for the resolution of political affairs, the term came to refer to a specific form of political decision-making process: the king would receive a council of officials, report on their affairs, and make decisions regarding them. Where, then, did the officials' idea of a specific form of “handling matters of state” come from? How did the practice of this idea begin? Why did officials continue to petition for the implementation of handling matters of state? This paper attempts to answer these questions. First, where did the idea of “handling matters of state” come from and how was it implemented? I turned my attention to the Ming Emperor Taizu(太祖)'s letter sealed with an imperial seal(璽書), received in the 19th year of King Gongmin(恭愍王). In this letter, the emperor insisted that the King should have a fixed place to show dignity to his subjects. A few months later, the first “handling matters of state” was carried out at Bopyeongcheong(報平廳). The process of preparing for the “handling matters of state”, including the erection of the “no-frills” folding screen, is interpreted as a demonstration of the king's dignity. However, King Gongmin reduced the number of “handling matters of state” from the original plan, and even then, they seem to have been seldom executed. Subsequent kings also practiced “handling matters of state”, but only intermittently and sporadically. The reason why kings did not enforce “handling matters of state” is because, since the Yuan(元) Dynasty, they were able to handle most of their affairs through a small circle of entourage. King Chungryul(忠烈王)’s bītīkchī(必闍赤) and King Gongmin's inner cabinet(內宰樞) were symbolic institutions that represented aspects of such entourage politics. Under these circumstances, the officials were critical of the dominance of a small circle of officials and sought to change the political decision-making model of the time by expanding the contact between the king and the officials. They mobilized the “handling matters of state”, which they had done several times before, and petitioned for its implementation. The officials chose the “handling matters of state” model because it allowed them to report directly to the king and receive decisions from him, creating more contact between the king and officials.
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Primary leiomyoma of the ovaries in a dog
이현욱,강경구,민창우,김아영,이은미,이은주,이명미,김상협,성수은,정규식 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.1
We would like to report a case of leiomyoma of the ova- ries in a dog. Leiomyoma is commonly seen in the vagina in dogs. However, it is a very rare neoplasm in the ovaries. As there have only been a few reported cases, this report provides valuable information on veterinary medicine and pathology. Masses found in the ovaries need to be differen- tiated from other ovarian tumors. Therefore, we describe the gross, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features of a case of ovarian leiomyoma in a 10-year-old female Yorkshire Terrier dog. The mass on the right of the uterus was found accidentally by pelvic ultrasonography. Laparatomy revealed a large multi-nodulated ovarian mass. Grossly, cut surfaces of the mass showed multiple firm whit- ish nodules in the cortex and bloody loose connective tissue in the medulla. Histopathologically, the cortex of the mass was composed of spindle cells forming interlacing fascicles. The cells had elongated, blunt-ended nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm as detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical stained sections were immunoreac- tive for α-smooth muscle actin and desmin but negative for vimentin and S-100. Therefore, differential diagnosis con- firmed leiomyoma based on morphology and positive stain- ing for α-smooth muscle actin and desmin.
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최소 자승법에 의한 현무암 섬유의 성분 - 인장성 해석
이현욱,임정호,허유,Lee, Hyun U.,Lim, Jung H.,Huh, You 한국섬유공학회 2016 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.53 No.4
Properties of material consisting of several components are dramatically influenced by the portion distribution and structural array of the components. In particular, mineral fibers contain several natural components and have significant variations in mechanical properties, as the portions of the components vary in each spinning process. This research aims at providing information on the influence of the components on the mechanical properties of basalt fibers, which is adopted as the experimental material, through experiments. For this purpose, the mechanical properties of the multi-component material are expressed in terms of linear combinations of the weight portions of the ingredients. By melting basalt rocks and spinning them into fibers, we prepared specimens to measure the amounts of the components and the tensile strength, tensile strain at breakage, and the tensile modulus. As the basalt ingredients cannot be controlled arbitrarily, the effects of individual components on the tensile properties of basalt fibers could not be easily separated. In this research, the contribution of each component to the tensile properties was expressed in terms of a linear model with multi-variables. Then, the model coefficients were obtained by applying the least square method to a loss function that was defined in terms of the errors between the estimated values of the tensile properties from the model and the measured values from the experiments. Results show that Ca had the most significant positive influence on the tensile properties with relative model coefficients of 16 (strength), 10 (strain at break), and 6 (modulus); while K and Si had the most significant negative influence on the tensile properties. Si showed the greatest negative effect on the tensile strength with a relative model coefficient of 10, and on the strain at break with a relative model coefficient of 6, while K had the most negative effect on the tensile properties in an absolute sense.
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Suprasellar Chordoid Glioma Combined with Rathke’s Cleft Cyst - Case Report -
이현욱,이상복,김종현,서연림 대한신경외과학회 2002 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.32 No.4
Chordoid glioma, a recently introduced clinicopathologic entity, is a rare neoplasm occurring mainly in the third ventricle and hypothalamus. The authors had experienced a case of chordoid glioma combined with Rathke's cleft cyst which occurred in the sellar and suparasellar region. Here we report clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of this neoplasm with review of literature. Key words:Chordoid glioma;Sellar;Suprasellar;Rathke's cleft cyst.
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