초현실주의에 내재된 무의식표현에 대한 수업지도방안 연구 : 중학교 2학년을 대상으로

이현수 단국대학교 교육대학원 2016 국내석사

성령의 은사가 교회성장에 미치는 영향 : 한국 교회를 중심으로 /이현수 저

이현수 서울신학대학교 1994 국내석사

한글 폰트를 변형하기 위한 비지도 학습 모델 기반 폰트 속성 제어 연구

이현수 숭실대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

한글은 로마자에 비해 11,172자라는 많은 글자 때문에 폰트 제작에 많은 시간과 비용이 든다. 이를 해결하기 위해 기존에 외곽선 폰트와 METAFONT를 이용하여 폰트를 변형하는 연구가 진행되었으나 데이터 처리에 시간이 많이 드는 문제가 있었다. 따라서 인공지능을 이용 자동으로 폰트를 생성하는 연구가 제안되었다. 이는 지도 학습 모델을 이용하여 적은 글자로 한글 폰트 한 세트를 만드는 방향으로 진행되었다. 그러나 지도학습 모델은 비지도 학습 모델에 비해 다양한 스타일를 가진 폰트를 생성 할 수 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 비지도 학습 모델인 StyleGAN 모델 구조에 인코더를 추가한 FMGAN 구조를 제안하고 FMGAN의 Font Mixing 방법과 모델의 잠재공간을 이용하여 한글 폰트의 여러 속성을 제어하는 걸 보인다. 제안하는 방법을 통해 비지도 학습 모델과 잠재 공간을 제어 할 수 있는 가능성을 보인다. Because Hangul has 11,172 characters compared to Roman characters, it takes a lot of time and money to make fonts. In order to solve this problem, research has been conducted to transform the font using the outline font and METAFONT, but there is a problem that data processing takes a lot of time. Therefore, research on automatically generating fonts using artificial intelligence has been proposed. This proceeded in the direction of making a set of Hangul fonts with small letters using a supervised learning model. However, the supervised learning model cannot generate fonts with different styles compared to the unsupervised learning model. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an FMGAN structure with an encoder added to the StyleGAN model structure, which is an unsupervised learning model, and show how to control various properties of Korean fonts using FMGAN's Font Mixing method and the latent space of the model. The proposed method shows the possibility of controlling unsupervised learning models and latent spaces.

정신지체 학생과의 통합체육수업에 대한 비장애학생의 태도가 관여도 및 상호작용행동에 미치는 영향

이현수 부산대학교 2006 국내박사

The purpose of this study was to find out the difference in the interaction behavior, involvement and attitude in inclusive physical education of non-disabilities who are very important for adaptation of disabled students to inclusive physical education. Also it was to find out the relationship among the interaction behavior, involvement and the attitude of non-disabilities in inclusive physical education. The population of this study was non-disabilities who experienced the inclusive physical education with disabled students in Busan. Through purposeful sampling, 700 students without disabilities were asked for responding the survey. Among 700 data, 668 data were finally used for this study. The questionnaire was put together with 5 questions of demographic factor, 20 questions of attitude in inclusive physical education, 5 questions of involvement in inclusive physical education and 9 questions of interaction behavior. The questions of non-disabilities attitude in inclusive physical education were revised and based on Oh(2001b) and the questions of involvement in inclusive physical education were revised and based on Lee(2004b, 2005c). And the questions of interaction behavior were revised and based on Kim(2000), Lee(2004b, 2005c), Lee and Nam(2004) and Ha(2000). To analyze the data collected for this study, SPSS 11.0 was used for exploratory factor analysis, t-test and One-way ANOVA analysis. Also, Amos 4.01 was used for confirmatory factor analysis, multiple group factor analysis and structural equation model analysis. Conclusion of this study are as follows. 1) Difference in the attitude, involvement, interaction behavior First, there were no difference in the attitude, involvement for inclusive physical education and the interaction behavior of non-disabilities according to gender. And the result showed that girls' interaction behavior with general disabled people was higher than boys'. Second, there were no differences in the attitude, involvement for inclusive physical education and the interaction behavior of non-disabilities according to the experience period of inclusive physical education. And the result shows that as the period was longer, interaction behavior with general disabled people was higher. Third, there were no differences in the attitude for inclusive physical education even they have any disabled relatives or family members and the result shows that the involvement in inclusive physical education, interaction behavior with disabled students and interaction behavior with general disabled people of non-disabilities who have a disabled relative of family member was higher. Fourth, the attitude, involvement for inclusive physical education and interaction behavior with general disabled people of non-disabilities who had disabled friends were higher than non-disabilities who didn't have any disabled friends. Fifth, the attitude, involvement for inclusive physical education and interaction behavior with general disabled people of non-disabilities who had ever experienced being a partner with disabled students were higher than non-disabilities who had never experienced being a partner with disabled students. Sixth, the attitude, involvement for inclusive physical education and interaction behavior with general disabled people of non-disabilities who participate in physical education class with disabled students were higher than non-disabilities who distract the class and outcasts, or who behave individually in class. 2) The related effects on the attitude, involvement, interaction behavior First, the attitude of non-disabilities for mental retarded students in Inclusive Physical Education showed positive effects on involvement in inclusive physical education. Second, the attitude of non-disabilities for mental retarded students in inclusive physical education showed positive effects on interaction behavior with mental retarded students in inclusive physical education. Third, the involvement of inclusive physical education showed positive effects on interaction behavior with mental retarded students in inclusive physical education. Fourth, the involvement of inclusive physical education showed positive effects on interaction behavior with general disabled people. Fifth, the interaction behavior with mental retarded students in inclusive physical education showed positive effects on interaction behavior with general disabled people.

초점거리에 따른 배광분석 및 색수차 분석을 통한 자동차용 LED 헤드램프의 성능향상에 관한 연구

이현수 순천대학교대학원 2016 국내석사

LED as a light source is making big changes in automotive lighting field. The optical system has been changed to adopt a LED. For example in the engineering field, we have used a heatsink and FAN to dissipate a heat in the LED optical system. Before we have used a LED, we had just adopted a natural convection instead of forced convections. And also style of headlamp has a big change. Normally headlamp has a big circle image to express an eye of vehicle. But now, LED headlamps express their own design characteristic by using different looks. LED gives us many chances to use putting plastic materials into the headlamps. One of big chances is a temperature in the system. Before using LED, traditional light sources has high temperature. That is why we have to use a glass to make an optical lens into a optical system. LED optical system could use a plastic lens. it means we can make almost all kinds of shapes through the plastic injection molding. Already some car manufactures are adopting this technology into their design to express to all customer their own identity. Especially premium automotive companies. To use this technology, we have to overcome a big defect to adopt this technology. That is a 'Color abberation' near the cut off line of low beam. First of all, I am looking forward to understand why we need this technology in automotive field. so I will describe main factors about the automotive optical system in this thesis. After that, I have to study what is the problem and find causes. Then, I will analyze and find a new solution.

상부 위암에 대한 근위부 위절제술 및 위전절제술이 환자의 영양상태 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 평가

이현수 忠南大學校 大學院 2004 국내석사

Total gastrectomy has generally been performed for the treatment of upper third gastric cancer. However, the optimal extent of resection for the upper third gastric cancer of early stage is controversial until now. In this article, I compared patient nutritional status and life of quality following both total gastrectomy with uncut R-Y esophagojejunostomy and proximal gastrectomy in order to identify to optimal method of the treatment of early stage upper third gastric cancer In retrospective, randomized trial, I studied 50 patients with no evidence of recurrent disease following curative surgery for upper third gastric cancer. Among this group, 25 patients underwent total gastrectomy and 25 patients proximal gastrectomy of these, 8 total gastrectomy and 4 proximal gastrectomy patients were excluded from this study because of death, severe complication, refusal of interview etc. The nutritional status was assessed by mesuring body weight, serum albumin, serum total protein, serum hemoglobin. The gastrointestinal function and quality of life were assessed by Cuschieri grading, visick grading. Proximal gastrectomy group demonstrated fewer weight loss(p=0.007) and better outcome by Visick grading (p=0.016) than total gastrectomy group. But there were no significant differences in the serum albumin (p=0.42), serum total protein (p=0.89), hemoglobin difference(p=0.89) and Cuschieri grading(p=0.064) between preoperative and postoperative data Proximal gastrectomy led to a better quality of life than total gastrectomy in the study, as judged from the low weight loss and better Visick grading. In early stage gastric cancer, if no difference of survival rate, proximal gastrectomy seems to be superior to total gastrectomy.

Role of GABA-induced Ca2+ signal in axonal outgrowth in hippocampal newborn granule cells

이현수 서울대학교 대학원 2013 국내박사

해마 치상회절에서는 일생동안 새로이 신경세포가 생성된다. 이러한 해마신생과립세포는 신경회로의 활동성에 따라 그 발달이 조절되는데, 흥분성 GABA 신호가 중요하다고 알려져 있다. GABA 신호에 의해 막전압이 탈분극되어 칼슘이 들어온다고 예상되지만, 그 중요성에 비해 자세한 신호전달 기전이나 어느 막전압 의존성 칼슘통로에 의해 칼슘이 들어오는지에 대해서는 알려져 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 어린 쥐의 해마를 조직 배양함으로써 해마 신생과립세포에서의 칼슘 신호전달과 그것이 축삭과 수상돌기의 성장에 어떤 역할을 하는지에 대하여 연구하였다. 먼저 해마 신경회로의 활동에 따라 흥분성 GABA 신호가 신생과립세포로 들어오는 것을 발견하였고, 이에 의해 세포 분열한 지 일주일 이내의 신생과립세포 내 칼슘이 증가하였다. 흥분성 GABA에 의해서 증가하는 미성숙과립세포 내 칼슘은 대부분 L-type 칼슘통로를 통해 들어오는 것이었다. 신생과립세포의 칼슘을 증가시킬 수 있는 신호전달 경로인 신경회로의 활동 → GABA 수용체 → L-type 칼슘 통로 중 하나라도 약물로 막으면, 신생과립세포의 축삭 성장이 감소하였고, 그에 반해 수상돌기 성장에는 영향이 없었다. 그 중 GABAA 수용체 저해제인 bicuculline은 해마의 간질성 신경회로 활동을 일으키는데도 불구하고 축삭 성장을 저해하는 것으로 보아, 신생과립세포에서의 GABA 신호가 축삭 성장에 필수적임을 알 수 있다. 그러므로, 신경회로 활동에 따른 GABA 신호가 L-type 칼슘통로를 통해 칼슘을 증가시킴으로써, 신생과립세포의 축삭 성장을 촉진한다고 결론지을 수 있다. 막전압 의존성 칼슘통로 중에서 L-type 칼슘통로는 신경세포의 성숙과 발달에 중요하다고 알려져 왔다. L-type 칼슘통로 중 CaV1.2과 CaV1.3가 뇌에서 많이 발현되고 있다. 신생과립세포는 발달 초기 단계에는 오직 GABA 신호만 받고, CaV1.2보다 CaV1.3이 좀 더 낮은 막전압에서 열리기 때문에 본 논문에서는 CaV1.3의 역할에 대해 연구하였다. 신생과립세포의 정상적 성숙을 위해 CaV1.3을 통한 칼슘 유입이 중요한지 알아보기 위하여, 레트로바이러스 벡터에 형광표지자인 GFP와 CaV1.3의 발현을 저해할 수 있는 short-hairpin RNA을 동시 발현하도록 하여 CaV1.3의 발현이 저해된 신생과립세포를 구별할 수 있도록 하였다. 면역조직화학염색법과 Western blot을 이용하여 레트로바이러스가 CaV1.3의 발현이 잘 억제함을 확인하였다. 하지만 CaV1.3 발현을 억제한 세포군과 그렇지 않은 세포군 간의 칼슘 전류의 막전압의존성은 변하지 않았다. 그럼에도 불구하고 CaV1.3 발현을 억제한 세포군에서 낮은 농도의 nimodipine에 의해 칼슘 전류가 막히는 정도가 높은 걸로 보아, CaV1.2가 보상적으로 발현이 증가되었고, CaV1.3의 발현은 감소했음을 확인하였다. CaV1.3의 발현을 억제한 세포군에서 KCl에 의한 칼슘 유입은 감소하지 않는 데에 비해, GABA에 의한 칼슘 유입이 감소함을 관찰하였다. 게다가 GABAA 수용체를 통한 전류 크기가 감소하고, perforant pathway 자극에 의한 시냅스 후 전류의 크기도 감소함을 관찰하였다. 이 결과는 CaV1.3의 발현이 신생과립세포에서의 GABA 시냅스 형성에 중요하다는 것을 의미한다. GABA 신호에 의해 촉진되는 축삭 성장 역시 CaV1.3의 발현을 억제한 세포군에서 저해되었음을 관찰하였다. 그러므로, 세포분열 후 일주일 이내 신생과립세포의 GABA 시냅스 형성에 CaV1.3의 발현이 필수적이라고 결론 내릴 수 있다. The hippocampal dentate gyrus undergoes neurogenesis throughout life. Neural network activity regulates the development of hippocampal newborn granule cells (GCs). Excitatory GABAergic input is known to be a key player in this regulation. Although calcium signaling is thought as a downstream mediator of GABA, GABA-induced calcium signaling in newborn GCs is not well understood, and little is known which type of voltage dependent calcium channel (VDCC) mediates the calcium signal in newborn neurons. I investigated Ca2+ signaling and its regulatory role in axon and dendrite outgrowth in newborn GCs which are identified in the organotypic slice culture of early postnatal rat hippocampus. Here, I report that hippocampal network activity can induce calcium transients (CaT) in newborn GCs during the first post-mitotic week via GABAergic inputs. The GABA-induced CaTs were mediated mainly by L-type Ca2+ channels. Furthermore, I found that inhibiting any step in the signaling pathway, network activity → GABA → L-type Ca2+ channels, selectively suppressed the axonal outgrowth and pruning of newborn GCs, but not the dendritic outgrowth. The GABAA receptor blocker bicuculline significantly suppressed axonal outgrowth, despite increasing network activity, thus indicating an essential role of GABAergic inputs. Therefore, I conclude that the network activity-dependent GABAergic inputs open L-type Ca2+ channels and promote the axonal outgrowth in newborn GCs during the first post-mitotic week. Among subtypes of VDCCs, the L-type VDCCs are known as a key player in the development of neuron. CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 are the most widely expressed L-type subunits in the brain. Because newborn GCs receive only GABAergic inputs in early developmental stage and CaV1.3 channel open at lower membrane potential than CaV1.2 channel, I focused on the role of CaV1.3. To test whether calcium influx through CaV1.3 is necessary for normal development of newborn GCs, I knocked down the CaV1.3 gene in a newborn GCs-specific manner by using retroviral constructs that co-express GFP and short-hairpin RNA against CaV1.3. I confirmed the effectiveness of knock-down of endogenous CaV1.3 gene by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Nevertheless, the peak current-voltage curves of total calcium current were not distinguishable between control and infected GCs, suggesting compensation of calcium current by CaV1.2. However, the proportion of nimodipine-sensitive calcium current was higher in the infected GCs, indicative of CaV1.3 depletion. The GABA-induced CaTs were abolished in the somata and the growth cones of the CaV1.3-depleted GCs. The current amplitude induced by direct puff application of GABA or stimulation of perforant pathway was significantly lower in the CaV1.3-depleted GCs, implying that the CaV1.3 expression is essential for GABAergic synapse formation in newborn GCs. Furthermore, the axonal outgrowth was impaired in the CaV1.3-depleted GCs, implying the essential role of GABAergic inputs in normal development of newborn GCs. Therefore, I conclude that the CaV1.3 channel is essential for the GABAergic synapse formation in newborn GCs during the 1st post-mitotic week.

공공하수처리시설의 신재생에너지를 이용한 에너지 절감에 관한 연구

이현수 忠南大學校 大學院 2016 국내석사

In the meantime, the public sewage treatment plant was regarded as an unpleasant facility, but this has been changing from the energy comsumer to the energy producer. I analyzed the variation of digestion gas which was generated in-process of sewage treatment, and generated calories by using the actual hot water boiler. Also, I predicted the generated electricity of the small hydro power generator by analyzing variation of sewage discharge rate and compared it to the actual figure. The result of experiment shows that there is 13,786,410 Mcal generated calories by operating the hot water boiler, which can be converted to 16,030 MWh. There is 627,289 kWh generated electricity by the small hydro power generator. It accounts for 96.5 % of maximum estimated electricity which equals 649,992 kWh. It is 25.9 % of total electricity of the facility to operate the public sewage treatment plant. therefore, the public sewage treatment plant can reduce energy for its operation through the new renewable energy.

식육포장처리업 HACCP 인증 영향 요인 연구

이현수 건국대학교 대학원 2024 국내박사

식품 및 축산물의 원료 관리, 제조·가공·조리·소분·유통·판매의 모든 과정의 위 해요소를 확인·평가하여 중점적으로 사전 관리하는 일련의 프로세스인 HACCP 제도는 국내 식품안전관리체계에서 가장 주요한 방법으로 자리 잡고 있다. 특히, 2028년 말까지 의무적으로 HACCP인증을 받아야 하는 식육포장처 리업의 경우, 연매출액 1억 미만의 영세업체가 절반 이상(68.2%)으로 구성되 어, 수천만 원 단위의 초기 투자 비용을 필요로 하는 HACCP 인증 준비 관련 의사결정이 잘못될 경우, 사업의 실패로까지 이어질 가능성이 있다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 식육포장처리업 HACCP 인증과 관련된 합리적 의 사결정에 참고가 될 수 있도록, HACCP 이론과 운영 방법을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 업체 규모에 따른 인증에 필요한 준비 비용 모델을 구성하였다. HACCP 인증 최소 준비 비용 산출 결과, HACCP 인증을 위한 준비 비용 모델은 소형(73.92㎡) 1,590만원, 중형(223㎡) 3,600만원, 지육 작업형(254㎡) 3,810만원으로 각각 산출되었다. 이 비용은 인증업체의 실제 투자비용 대비 약 1천만 원 낮은 금액이다. 다음으로 업체 개별특성 요인과 평가 항목별 요인이 인증심사에 미치는 영향도를 분석하기 위해 최근 6년간 진행된 817개 식육포장처리업 평가업체 의 특성 요인(생산량, 매출액, 영업기간, 종사자수, 지역) 및 총 10,259건(선행 요건관리항목 7,049건, HACCP관리항목 3,210건)의 평가 지적사항과 HACCP 인증 간의 인과관계를 PLS-구조방정식(SEM) 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 평가 항목 중 제품설명서 및 공정도, HACCP 모니터링과 개선조치 항목이 HACCP 인증에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 평가업체의 업 체별 특성 요인이 최종평가 결과에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의미하지 않게 나타났다. 이는 업체의 기본특성이 인증달성에 있어 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않거나 미미한 것으로, 인증심사에 있어 평가항목 외에 기타 요인에 의한 편의 (Bias)는 존재하니 않는다는 것을 시사한다. The HACCP system is a preventive approach to food safety that identifies and assesses hazards at all stages of food production,from raw material management to manufacturing, processing, cooking, packaging, distribution, and sales. HACCP has become the cornerstone of food safety management systems in Korea. By the end of 2028, HACCP certification will be mandatory for all meat packing and processing businesses. However, more than half (68.2%) of these businesses are small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) with annual sales of less than 100 million KRW. The initial investment costs for HACCP certification can reach tens of millions of KRW and making the wrong decision about certification can lead to business failure. To aid in rational decision-making regarding HACCP certification for meat packing and processing businesses,this study reviewed HACCP theory and operation methods and developed a certification preparation cost model based on business size. The results showed that the minimum preparation cost for HACCP certification was 15.9 million KRW for small businesses (73.92㎡), 36 million KRW for medium-sized businesses (223㎡), and 38.1 million KRW for businesses that process whole carcasses (254㎡). These costs were approximately 10 million KRW lower than the actual investment costs of certified businesses. Next,to analyze the impact of business-specific characteristics and evaluation item factors on certification audits,we used a PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling) model to examine the causal relationship between the characteristics of 817 evaluation businesses that underwent audits in the past six years (production volume,sales,business period,number of employees,region) and a total of 10,259 evaluation findings (7,049 for prerequisite management items and 3,210 for HACCP management items) and HACCP certification. The results showed that among the evaluation items,the product description and process diagram and HACCP monitoring and corrective action items had the greatest impact on HACCP certification. The impact of the evaluation business's business-specific characteristics on the final evaluation results was not statistically significant. This suggests that the basic characteristics of a business do not have a direct or negligible impact on achieving certification,and that there is no bias in the certification audit due to factors other than the evaluation items.

Wuthering Heights에 나타난 대칭구조 연구

이현수 경성대학교 교육대학원 2012 국내석사