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- 저자 : 이헌창 ( Lee Hun-chang ) (검색결과 43 건)
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이헌창 ( Hun Chang Lee ) 경제사학회 2015 경제사학 Vol.58 No.-
I explored development of property rights on cultivable land during the Joseon Dynasty as a transition from property right based on cultivable usage to complete rights. The Law of 1391 (Gwajeonbeop科田法) gave tillers limited property right that prohibited trade and alienation of cultivable land. This institution was adopted for securing collection of land tax, Confucian idealism, and promoting reclamation. The rise of landlord system through trade of land, however, strengthened property rights for land. The publishers of the Canon (Gyunggukdaejeon經國大典) did not surrender the spirit of the Law of 1391 but guaranteed ownership of land obtained through trade and inheritance. The Decree of 1556 acknowledged property right of the owner of uncultivated land permanently, and around this time the idea of equal distribution of land to tillers was almost given up. As a result, the ownership of cultivated land became almost like a modern one at the Canon of Sokdaejeon(續大典). This change implies the transition from Confucian idealism based on the system of equal land distribution(Kyunjeonjae均田制) to protection of property right of people. The development of rule of law and Confucian ideology along with the rise of the power of the state is the source of strengthened property right of cultivable land during the Joseon Dynasty. Though legal codes of the Joseon Dynasty did not develop civil law, they put land property right in order fairly well. It was the rule at the early Joseon period that the person who reclaimed and cultivated a land became the owner and he shoud registered the land. The discrepancy between reclaimer and the registered owner caused dispute. In the early Joseon period, registration was the creteria to judge. However, registration alone cannot win over the actual right from reclamation and cultivation. As the right of reclaimer get stronger, it caused a conflict with the Decree of 1556, and a compromise emerged. Whereas Joseon state protected property right of inheritance and trade, it partially admitted property right of reclaimer. This compromise makes sense in terms of contribution to the formation of property right. The case of land of royal family and ministries such as was at different. As a result of long debates during the 17th century, ownership of reclaimers or cultivators of Gungjangto宮庄土 or Amundunto衙門屯土 was admitted except for the land granted by king`s order.
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이헌창 ( Hun Chang Lee ) 경제사학회 2015 경제사학 Vol.59 No.-
This paper explores the founding process of the Korean Economic History Society and its early history, mainly before 1968. The stimulus of the international societies of economic history, active participation of new young scholars, and the need for collaborative research were important factors contributing to the foundation of the Society in 1963. The Society had keen interest in the soholarly exchange with the international societies of economic history, and Korean historians from humanities actively participated in the Society. The Society pursued the development view of Korean history. It carried out pl31llled presentation meetings on economic thoughts of the Choson dynasty and the works of the world-famous economic historians, and a collaborative research project and symposium on the periodization of Korean history. These early academic activities not only reflected the growth of the Society but also reflected responses of Korean historians from humanities. After the publication of Kyunje Sahak from 1975 the Society met the second phase of its growth.
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이헌창 ( Hun-chang Lee ) 경제사학회 2016 경제사학 Vol.40 No.1
The aim of commercial policy of Seoul was to procure goods needed by the state and citizens, to maintain transactions αder and stabilize price of necessary goods, and to levy tax and corvee labor on merchants. The main burden of sijeons, as the center of commercial system of Seoul, was commercial tax in the 15th century, the procurement of commodities for the state from the 16th century, and the provision of corvee labor after the daedong law. Confucian bureaucrats were passive in absorbing commercial tax. In return sijeons had the privilege of monopoly right over the dealing of commodities. This privilege was established gradually, as sijeons’ public burden increased and the sηeons association were established. At first sijeons associated to guard their common interests. Sijeons associations were established due to the authority of state, as they had the obligations and the privilege in the 17th century. They become a guild-like institution. Though sijeons associations had internal regulations, those seldom included penal provisions on unfair or illegal trading activities, because the state had the function of maintaining transactions order. The main policy to maintain transactions order was supervision of sijeons’ commercial activities before the 16th century, protection of sijeons’ monopoly right after the 17th century for promoting sijeons, and prohibition of cornering and hoarding after the late 18th century amid the growth of Seoul market and the abuse of the monopoly right Commercial policy and sijeon associations of Seoul evolved in response the needs of the economy.
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