외식기업의 문화마케팅이 기업이미지와 고객만족에 미치는 영향

이행순,이수범 한국고객만족경영학회 2009 고객만족경영연구 Vol.11 No.1

Unlike other industries, foodservice companies have grown into multinational corporations. As a positioning strategy these foodservice corporations use emotion and cultural marketing as a competitive factor to establish their market positioning. Hence, multinational foodservice corporations use ‘Culture & Art code’ as a differentiation strategy in order to enhance the image of corporation and the value of products. As foodservice companies recognize customers as not only economic but also cultural consumers, they expand the sphere of social responsibility by the image of corporation that has been established through the cultural marketing. Therefore, cultural marketing of foodservice corporation of this study was divided into 4 factors; cultural sales, cultural support, eating-out motivation and cultural background. The image of multinational foodservice corporation was separated as micro and macro image and relation was found between each factors. The effect of these factors on customer satisfaction of foodservice corporation was found through the Path Analysis. As a result, the study revealed cultural marketing of foodservice corporation has a positive effect on the image of the corporation and customer satisfaction. The study will provide theoretical information by examining the effect of cultural marketing on the image of corporation and the customer satisfaction. Besides, it will provide the new possibilities to foodservice industry through the cultural marketing strategies. 외식기업은 다른 산업에 비하여 다국적 기업으로 성장하고 있으며 전략적 차별화를 위하여 ‘문화예술(Culture & Art)코드’를 사용한 감성 및 문화마케팅이 중요한 수단임을 인식하고 이를 적극적으로 활용하여 기업 이미지와 상품의 가치를 높임으로서 포지셔닝을 달성하고 있다. 이처럼 외식기업은 소비자를 경제적 소비자로서 뿐만 아니라 문화적 소비자로 인식하고 있으며 문화마케팅을 이용하여 긍정적인 기업의 이미지를 통한 사회적 책임의 범위를 넓혀가면서 소비자의 만족을 유도해 나가고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 외식기업 문화마케팅의 하부요인은 문화세일즈, 문화지원, 외식동기, 문화적 배경 요인으로 나누었다. 그리고 다국적 외식기업의 이미지를 미시적 이미지와 거시적 이미지로 구분하여 이들의 영향관계를 규명하였다. 그리고 이러한 요인들이 외식기업 소비자의 만족에 미치는 영향에 관하여 경로분석을 실시한 결과 외식기업의 문화마케팅은 기업이미지와 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있음을 검증하였다. 본 연구는 다국적 외식기업에서 실행되고 있는 문화마케팅에 대한 실증적인 분석을 통하여 외식기업의 문화마케팅과 기업이미지에 관한 연구의 이론적 기초자료를 제공하였으며, 실무적 관점에서 문화마케팅의 가치를 확인하여 외식마케팅 전략방안의 확장에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

감마선에 의한 카사바 (Manihot esculenta Crantz) 배양세포의 항산화효소 활성 변화

이행순,유순희,권석윤,김재성,곽상수 한국식물생명공학회 1999 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The gamma radiation-induced changes of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in callus cultures of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) selected as a high yield of cell line for SOD were investigated. In normal cultures, the cell growth reached a maximum at 30 days after subculture (DAS), followed by a rapid decrease with further cultures. The SOD and POD specific activities (units/mg protein) showed the highest at the immediately after subculture and subsequently decreased to 20 DAS, and then increased to 30 DAS, whereas the CAT activity showed the lowest at just after subculture, and it continuously increased from 15 DAS to 30 DAS, showing a good correlation with the cell growth. Irradiation of gamma-ray of 50 and 70 Gy on 7 DAS inhibited significantly the cell growth by 50% and 80% at 14 days after treatment (DAT), respectively. In the cells irradiated with 70 Gy, SOD and POD specific activities increased by 4 and 2.5 folds at 14 DAT, respectively, whereas CAT activity was not affected. The results indicate that SOD and POD may be involved in the antioxidative mechanism in relation to oxidative stresses induced by subcultures and by gamma radiation in callus cultures of cassava. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) 고생산세포주로 선발된 카사바 (Manihot esculenta Crantz) 배양세포에 감마선을 처리하여 세포생장과 SOD, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)의 항산화효소 활성을 조사하였다. 카사바 캘러스는 계대배양 후 약 15일에 대수증식생장기에 진입한 후 30일에 최대생장을 나타내었으며 계속적인 배양에 따라 생장이 현저히 감소하였다. SOD와 POD의 비활성도 (units/mg protein)는 계대배양 직후에 가장 높았으며 대수증식 초기까지 감소한 후 다시 배양후기까지 증가하였다. CAT 활성은 세포생장과 비례하여 활성변화를 나타내었으며 계대배양 직후와 배양후기에 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. 계대배양 7일째의 카사바 캘러스에 감마선을 처리한 한 결과, 처리 후 14일째 배양세포는 방사선량에 비례하여 세포생장에 크게 영향을 주어 50Gy와 70Gy에서 각각 약 50%와 80%의 생장이 억제되었다. 이 시기의 SOD와 POD는 방사선량에 비례하여 증가하여 70Gy를 조사한 경우 각각 4배, 2.5배 증가하였으나 CAT은 방사선에 거의 영향을 받지 않았다. 카사바 캘러스배양에서 계대배양, 배양후기의 세포노화 및 배지내 영양고갈에 따른 배양스트레스는 SOD와 POD에 의해 주로 조절되고 있음이 시사되었다.

돼지 유행성 설사병 바이러스 스파크 단백질 유전자 발현 형질전환 담배 배양세포

이행순,양경실,김현수,권석윤,곽상수 한국식물생명공학회 2008 식물생명공학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an infectious and highly contagious virus of swine. In order to develop the transgenic tobacco culture cells producing PEDV antigen protein, four vectors expressing PEDV spike protein (SP) gene under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter were constructed. Four fragments of the SP region of PEDV, SP1 (444 bp, 1487-1930 bp), SP2 (1.7 kb, 2300-3987 bp), SP3 (1.4 kb, 1559-2950 bp), and SP4 (2.6 kb, 9-2643 bp) were amplified by PCR and then C-MYC tag was fused to the end of each SP gene, respectively. These cassettes are inserted into the pCAMBIA2300 (named as 35S::SP1-M, 35S::SP2-M 35S::SP3-M, and 35S::SP4-M, respectively). Tobacco (cv. BY-2) cultured cells were transformed by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring expression vector. We selected kanamycin-resistant calli and checked for the presence of the introduced SP gene using PCR, resulting 70% of them showed the foreign gene. We selected the lines with high-level expression of PEDV antigen protein based on dot blot analysis. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the PEDV SP gene was integrated into the genome of the tobacco cultured cells. Northern blot analysis showed that the introduced gene was highly expressed in transgenic cultured cells. Transgenic tobacco cultured cells-derived antigen induced immunogenicity in mice as determined by a plaque reduction neutralization assay. These results suggest that the vectors expressing PEDV spike protein gene in this study will be useful for the development of transgenic plants and cultured cells producing PEDV antigene protein.

인삼의 기내 개화 결정시기의 측정

이행순,이광웅,유장렬 한국식물생명공학회 1994 식물생명공학회지 Vol.21 No.6

인삼의 기내 개화가 결정되는 시점을 조사하기 위하여 접합자배, 유식물체, 자엽마디 절편을 BA와 GA$_3$가 각각 5 $\mu$M 첨가된 MS 배지(화아유도 배지)에 배양하였다. 재료를 화아유도 배지에 다양한 기간 동안 배양하였다가 각각 생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 기본배지로 옮기게 되면 화아유도가 결정된 재료에서만 개화가 가능하게 된다. 인삼의 기내 개화가 결정되는 데에는 10일간의 배양을 필요로 하였다. 조직학적 관찰 결과, 화아유도 배지에서 배양 10일째의 액아에 존재한 분열조직은 화아로 발달되도록 운명되었음에도 불구하고 형태적으로는 엽아의 상태로 남아있었다. 이러한 분열조직은 배양 15일 경과한 후에야 비로소 전형적인화아의 외형을 갖추었다. 이러한 결과는 식물체에서 영양생장으로부터 생식생장으로의 전환시 일어나는 생화학적 혹은 분자생물학적 연구에 이용될 수 있을 것이다. To measure the time required for ginseng explants to become determined to form flower buds, we cultured zygotic embryos, seedlings, and cotyledonary nodes on MS medium supplemented with BA and GA$_3$of 5 ${\mu}$M each (flower inducing medium, FIM) for various periods and transferred to the basal medium. The explants required a minimum of 10 days on FIM to be determined. Histological observations revealed that the axillary meristem to be fated to develop into flower bud remained in a state of shoot meristem during the first 10 days of culture and differentiated into flower bud after 15 days of culture. We suggest that the in-vitro flowering system described in this study is useful in investigating (a) regulatory element(s) to cause the phase change from the vegetative to reproductive state by comparing predetermined explants with determined ones at the molecular level.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens에 의한 강낭콩 키틴가수분해효소 유전자의 고려인삼으로의 도입

이행순,권석윤,백경희,김석원,이광웅,유장렬 한국식물생명공학회 1995 식물생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 이미 확립되어 있는 고려인삼의 체세포배발생을 통한 식물체 재분화와 Agrobacterium을 매개로 한 형질전환 시스템을 이용하여 항곰팡이성 인삼을 개발하고자 염기성인 강낭콩 키틴가수분해효소 유전자를 인삼으로 도입하였다. CaMV 35S promoter-강낭콩 키틴가수분해효소 유전자와 선발표지로서의 neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPT II) 유전자를 가진 pChi/748 binary 벡터를 pGA748로부터 제조하여 이를 도입한 A. tumefacience LBA4404와 인삼 접합배의 자엽절편을 1 mg/L 24-D, 0.1 mg/L kinetin이 첨가된 MS 액체배지에서 48시간 동안 공동배양한 후 동일배지에 100 mg/L kanamycine 500 mg/L carbenicillin을 첨가한 고체 배지에 옮겨 배양하였다. 배양 한달 후부터 절편의 절단면 부근으로부터 캘러스가 유도되기 시작하였으며 이어서 수많은 체세포배가 형성되었다. 이들 체세포배를 BA와 GA3가 각각 1 mg/L 첨가된 배지로 옮겨서 5주 경과되었을 때 식물체로 전환되었다. 재분화된 개체 중 선발된 8개의 식물체로부터 PCR과 이 산물의 Southern분석 결과 6개의 재분화 개체에서 강낭콩 키틴가수분해효소 유전자가 도입되었음을 확인하였다. We have previously established a system for plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Korean ginseng. In this study to produce a fungus-resistant plant, we introduced a bean chitinase gene into ginseng using the transformation system. A binary vector pChi/748 was constructed by introducing the bean basic chitinase gene into EcoRI site of pGA748 which carries the CaMV 35S promoter governing the introduced gene and neomycin phosphotransferase II(NPT-II)gene as a positive selection marker. Cotyledonary explants were cocultured with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the binary vertor pChi/748 for 48 h, and transferred to MS medium supplemented with l mg/L2,4-D,0.1mg/L kinetin, 100 mg/L kanamycin, and 500mg/L carbenicillin. Kanamycin-resistant calli were formed on the cut surface of cotyledonary explants after one month of culture, and subsequently they gave rise to somatic embryos. Upon transfer onto medium containing 1 mg/L each of BA and GA$_3$, most of them converted to plantlets after 5 weeks of culture. The genomic DNA of eight kanamycin-resistant regenerants was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two specific 21-mer oligonucleotides derived from the chitinase gene. PCR-Southern blot analysis confirmed that the chitinase gene was incorporated into six out of the eight regenerants..

Golf Country Club의 환경 서비스가 Golfer의 Country Club 충성도와 회원권 구매의도에 미치는 영향

이행순,이수범 한국고객만족경영학회 2007 고객만족경영연구 Vol.9 No.3

As a competition among Golf Country Club is getting to take a relatively superior position in that business, studies extended on the golfer's loyalty for Golf CC and willing to buy a membership card are needed. this study examined the effect of environments service of Golf CC on the golfer's perceived crowding, satisfaction, loyalty for the Golf CC and willingness to buy a membership card using path analysis.For a more accurate evaluation of environment service of a Golf CC, respondents were selected based on the golfer's history of playing, handicap, the member of Golf CC that they used. Also, the service environment of Golf CC was evaluated through golfers who recently visited as a non-member.The evaluation results showed that high environment service of a Golf CC cased negative effect on the perceived crowding. It means that because service environment of differentiated Golf CC and makes golfers control their perceived crowding by themselves in spite of excessive of golfers, they can retain their satisfaction of the Golf CC. Futhermore, the service environment affects the golfer's loyalty for the Golf CC and willingness to buy a membership card.Especially, because course management brings out course design that is a prefixed service environment, the management has enough room for the service improvement. So it is suggested that a management strategy for the Golf CC should concentrate on the course management to make it better among other golf services. 본 연구는 나날이 치열해지는 골프산업에서 경쟁력 우위를 차지하기 위한 방안 마련을 위하여 골프CC의 충성도와 골퍼의 지속적인 가치를 유지할 수 있는 회원권구매의도까지 확대된 연구의 필요성이 제기되어 실행하였다. 골프CC의 환경적 서비스가 지각된 혼잡성과 만족에 미치는 영향과 골프CC 충성도 및 회원권 구매의도까지의 영향관계를 경로분석을 통하여 검증하였다. 정확한 골프CC의 환경적 서비스를 평가하기 위하여 구력, 핸디캡, 이용한 골프CC의 수 등을 통하여 응답자를 선정하여, 최근에 비회원의 자격으로 방문하여 플레이를 한 골프CC을 대상으로 환경적 서비스를 평가하였다. 그 결과 높은 환경적 서비스를 가진 골프CC 일수록 지각된 혼잡도는 부(-)의 영향을 미치고 있음이 실증되었다. 이는 차별화된 골프CC의 환경적 서비스는 비록 수용할 수 있는 적정 골퍼의 수를 초과한다고 하더라도 골퍼 스스로 혼잡 지각을 조절하게 되므로 골프CC에 대한 만족을 유지시킬 수 있으며 더 나아가 충성도와 회원권 구매의도까지 영향력을 미친다는 사실을 확인한 결과이다. 특히 코스관리는 이미 고정된 환경적 서비스 중에서 코스 디자인을 더욱 돋보이게 할 뿐 아니라 간접적으로 골퍼의 만족과 골퍼의 충성도 및 구매의도를 증가시킬 수 있는 주요 변수이다. 따라서 골프CC 환경적 서비스 중 코스관리에 대한 관리 운영을 취해야 한다는 전략방안을 도출하였다.

SOD와 APX를 동시에 엽록체에 발현시킨 형질전환 감자 (cv. Superior)의 산화스트레스 내성 증가

이행순,탕리,권석윤,김명덕,김진석,곽상수 한국식물생명공학회 2007 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.4

Oxidative stress is a major damaging factor for plants exposed to environmental stresses. Previously, we have generated transgenic potato (cv. Superior) plants expressing both CuZnSOD and APX genes in chloroplast under the control of an oxidative stress-inducible SWPA2 promoter (referred to as SSA plants) and selected the transgenic potato plant lines with tolerance against methyl viologen (MV)-mediated oxidative stress. When leaf discs of SSA plants were subjected to 3 μM methyl viologen (MV), they showed approximately 40% less damage than non-transgenic (NT) plants. SSA plantlets were treated with 0.3 μM MV stress, SSA plants also exhibited reduced damage in root growth. When 350 MV was sprayed onto the whole plants, SSA plants showed a significant reduction in visible damage, which was approximately 75% less damage than leaves of NT plants. These plants will be used for further analysis of tolerance to environmental stresses, such as high temperature and salt stress. These results suggest that transgenic potato (cv. Superior) plants would be a useful plant crop for commercial cultivation under unfavorable growth conditions.

인삼 (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)의 기내 화아형성 빈도와 cytokinin 구조와의 관계

이행순,김윤성,권석윤,곽상수,유장렬 한국식물생명공학회 1999 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.2

인삼의 기내 화아형성과 cytokinin과의 관계를 조사하기 위하여 접합자배, 유식물체, 자엽마디 절편체를 cytokinin(BA, kinetin, 2-iP, zeatin) 5 $\mu$M 단독 혹은 GA$_3$ 5 $\mu$M와 함께 MS 배지에서 배양하였다. 화아형성은 재료에 관계없이 BA처리구에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, kinetin, 2-iP, zeatin 순으로 나타났다. Cytokinin과 GA$_3$를 함께 첨가한 경우에는 특히 자엽마디 절편체 재료에서 화아형성 빈도가 현저히 증가하여 BA와 함께 처리하였을 때는 100% 화아형성을 나타내었다. 사용한 cytokinin은 adenine 기본골격과 다양한 측쇄구조 (-R)로 이루어져 있는데 이 측쇄구조의 분배계수 (logP)가 인삼의 기내 화아형성과 높은 상관성을 나타내어 cytokinin류의 지용성이 화아형성에 중요하게 관여함이 시사되었다. To elucidate the relationship between in vitro flowering and the structure of cytokinins in ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), zygotic embryos, seedlings, and cotyledonary nodes were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5 $\mu$M of various cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2-iP, and zeatin) with or without GA$_3$ (5 $\mu$M). The frequency of in vitro flowering was the highest when explants were cultured on the medium containing BA regardless of the kinds of explants, followed by kinetin, 2-iP, and zeatin. Flowering frequency of cotyledonary node explants was significantly increased by the combined treatment of cytokinin and GA$_3$. Flowering frequency was highly correlated with the logP of cytokinins, indicating that the lipophilicity of each cytokinin may involved in the in vitro flowering of ginseng.

High-yield Production of Functional Human Lactoferrin in Transgenic Cell Cultures of Siberian Ginseng (Acanthopanax senticosus)

이행순,권석윤,박두상,양경실,김재훈,이기택,곽상수,Seung-Hyun Jo 한국생물공학회 2006 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.11 No.5

Human lactoferrin (hLf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that has been considered to play many biological roles in the human, including the stimulation of the immune system, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, and regulation of iron absorption. We generated transgenic Siberian ginseng (Acanthopanax senticosus) cell cultures producing a functional hLf protein using the signal peptide sequence from the endoplasmic reticulum and driven by an oxidative stress-inducible SWPA2 promoter which is highly expressed in plant cell cultures. The production of hLf increased proportionally to cell growth and showed a maximal level (up to 3.6% of total soluble protein) at the stationary phase in suspension cultures. Full-length hLf protein was identified by immunoblot analysis in transgenic cell cultures of Siberian ginseng. Recombinant hLf (rhLf) was purified from suspension cells of Siberian ginseng by ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. N-terminal sequences of rhLf were identical to native hLf (nhLf). The overall monosaccharide composition of rhLf showed the presence of plant specific xylose while sialic acid is absent. Antibacterial activity of purified rhLf was higher than that of nhLf. Taken together, we anticipate that medicinal Siberian ginseng cultured cells, as demonstrated by this study, will be a biotechnologically useful source for commercial production of functional hLf not requiring further purification.

외식 프랜차이즈 선택동기가 재계약에 미치는 영향

이행순,신민자,이수범 한국호텔관광학회 2005 호텔관광연구 Vol.7 No.2

This study is designed to identify the basic direction of preparing customer service strategy relevant to the co-branding card in hotel restaurant. In order to achieve the aim of this study, theoretical research and empirical research were conducted.The finding shows that co-branding cardholders showed more satisfied with satisfaction factors(i.e., food taste and quality, service, facilities, atmosphere) than non-cardholders. And as the result of analysis of co-branding card use characteristics, though it shows co-branding card help customer satisfaction increase overall in hotel restaurant, customer might consider fundamental factors of restaurant above of all. And additionally co-branding cards are affective on the customer satisfaction. Finally, types of benefits(i.e.,discount, mileages(points), free gifts(application opportunity for gifts), free benefits(beverage, desserts, wine) offered by co-branding cards are all significant positive affective on the whole of customer satisfaction. especially, mileages(points) service was the most significant factor on types of benefits.