중간보기 “?” 의 차별적 사용에 대한 한국과 미국 간 비교 문화적 검증: 혼합 문항반응분석의 적용

이필석,천석준,이선희 한국심리학회 2014 한국심리학회지 일반 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구는 한국과 미국의 응답자들이 평정척도 상의 중간보기 “?”를 서로 다르게 사용하는지에 대한 비교 문화적 검증을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 직무기술척도(Job Descriptive Index)에 대한 한국과 미국 집단(각각 932명)의 응답을 다집단 범주적 확인적 요인분석(Multi-Group Categorical Confirmatory Factor Analysis)과 혼합문항반응이론(Mixed-Model Item Response Theory)으로 분석하였다. 다집단 분석결과, 두 집단 간에 측정틀 동일성과 측정단위 동일성은 성립하였으나, 임계치 모수의 구조에서는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 혼합문항반응이론을 실시한 결과, 한국과 미국집단 모두에서 응답범주에 대한 반응양상이 다른 세 개의 하위 잠재집단이 존재하였다. 이 중 “?” 응답범주를 많이 선택하는 “?” 선호집단에 대한 보다 자세한 분석 결과, 미국 표본에서는 “?” 선호 집단의 비중이 매우 적고, 응답범주의 순차성 가정이 지지되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 한국 표본에서는 “?” 선호집단이 다른 하위 잠재집단과 유사한 비중을 차지할 뿐만 아니라, “?”을 비교적 일정한 간격을 지니는 순차적 평정척도의 중간보기로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 중간보기 “?”의 사용에 대한 적용적 시사점 및 추후 연구 과제를 논의하였다. The present study investigated differential use of the middle category “?” option between Korean and American workers using the 2009 version Job Descriptive Index(JDI). For this purpose, a multi-group categorical confirmatory factor analysis and a mixed-model item response theory(MM-IRT) analysis were conducted across a Korean worker sample and American normative sample (N=932 for each). The multi-group analysis result supported configural and metric invariance across the groups. However, the threshold structure was not invariant across the groups. The MM-IRT analysis identified three latent subgroups within both Korean and American samples. Overall, the Korean group has larger subgroup class size favoring the “?” option than the American group. An inspection of item parameters revealed the threshold locations of the mixed partial credit model were frequently disordered for the American group, but not for the Korean group. The implications of the results and future research issues were discussed.

직장인의 음주가 직무열의와 대인갈등에 미치는 영향: 일기연구법을 사용한 자기조절 강도 모형 검증

이선희,지옥영,이필석 한국산업및조직심리학회 2018 한국심리학회지 산업 및 조직 Vol.31 No.1

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of alcohol drinking of employee on job engagement and interpersonal conflict at work. In order for a better understanding of the effects, we distinguished drinking based on whom they drank with: work-related vs. non-work related. Based on self-control strength theory(Baumeister, Vohs, & Tice, 2007) and effort-recovery model(Meijman & Mulder, 1998), we hypothesized that self-control plays a key role in the process by which work-related drinking influences job engagement and interpersonal conflict. Multi-level analyses on daily survey data from a total of 367 employees for two weeks showed that as participants drank more alcohol with work-related person(s), the level of ego-depletion got worse, and as a result, job engagement faltered. As for interpersonal conflict, the effects of work-related alcohol consumption and ego-depletion varied according to the level of trait self-control. On the other hand, non-work related drinking was positively related to ego-depletion, which was related to only interpersonal but to job engagement. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings and future research directions were discussed.

공간정보기반 3차원 가상현실을 이용한 홍수위험지도 제작

송영선(Song, Yeong Sun),이필석(Lee, Phil Seok),유연(Yeu, Yeon),김기홍(Kim. Gi Hong) 대한공간정보학회 2012 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.20 No.4

최근 들어 전 세계적인 기상이변으로 인해 홍수재해의 발생빈도가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 홍수재해에 대비하기 위해서는 구조적비구조적 방법이 있으며, 홍수위험지도의 제작과 활용은 비구조적 방법 중 하나이다. 홍수 위험지도는 홍수에 의한 인명 및 재산피해를 최소화하기 위해 홍수발생 시 여러 가지 정보들을 지도상에 나타낸 것으로서, 본 연구에서는 기존의 홍수위험지도의 활용성을 증가시키고 정보의 직관성을 개선하고자 공간정보기반 3차원 가상현실을 이용하여 홍수위험지도를 제작하고, 그 활용성을 평가하였다. 특히, 디지털기기를 이용하여 언제 어디서나 온라인 정보에 접근이 가능한 시대에 본 연구에서 제시한 홍수위험지도는 그 활용성이 매우 높다고 판단된다. Recent climate change has increased the occurrence of flood disaster. There are two approaches to prevent flooding damage. One is a structural method and the other is a non-structural method. The production and usage of a flood risk map are the example of non-structural way. The flood risk map displays several kinds of information to minimize casualties and property damage caused from flooding. In order to increase the usage of current flood risk maps and improve intuitive recognition of flood information, this paper produced flood risk maps based on geo-spatial information system using three dimensional virtual reality techniques and investigated the applicability of the maps. Because flood information is easily accessed through online, flood risk maps suggested in this paper are regarded as an efficient tool.

일기연구법을 이용한 대학생의 음주-활력-결석 매개모형 검증

이선희(Lee Sunhee),이필석(Lee Philseok),임숙희(Im Sook-Hee) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2017 사회과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

In order to further understand the relationship between drinking and class absence among college students, we tested a mediation model, where the amount of drinking influences the next morning’s vigor, which influences the likelihood of class absence. Data were collected from 227 college students twice a day, over 12 days, using an online survey. In the morning survey, participants reported the amount of drinking that occurred the previous night and the level of vigor they had in the morning. In the evening survey, they reported whether they were absent from any classes that day. A multi-level mediation model analysis showed that the amount of drinking is positively related to the likelihood of class absence the day after drinking, and the effect is completely mediated by morning vigor. That is, the more alcohol they drink, the less vigor they feel the next morning, and the less vigor they feel, the more likely they are to be absent from classes. These findings support the acute impairment hypothesis regarding the effects of drinking on class absence. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as future research directions, are discussed.

경기도내 유통 다소비 생선류의 중금속 및 셀레늄 함량

조윤식,김기철,김경아,강석호,정유정,곽신혜,이필석,이운형,모아라,용금찬,윤미혜 한국식품위생안전성학회 2017 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.32 No.3

A total of 100 seafoods commonly consumed in Gyeonggi-do were investigated to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), total mercury (Hg), methyl mercury (MeHg), cadmium (Cd) and selenium (Se). Concentration of heavy metals and selenium was measured by using mercury analyzer, ICP-MS and GC-ECD. The average content (mg/kg) of heavy metals in the seafood samples was as follows; Pb 0.0915 (0.0021-0.4490), Cd 0.0084 (ND- 0.1773), and Hg 0.0412 (0.0013-0.3032). All the levels were below the recommended standards of the MFDS in Pb (0.5 mg/kg), Cd (0.2 mg/kg), Hg (0.5 mg/kg). The methylmercury was detected in the hairtail (0.0677 mg/kg) and cod (0.2941 mg/kg). After the average content of heavy metals in seafood was determined, the exposure assessment for heavy metals was conducted. Relative hazardous levels compared to PTWI were lower than the official standards of the JECFA for Pb (0.97%), Hg (3.42%) Cd (0.45%). In conclusion, the levels presented in this study are presumed to be safe for consumption.

건조수산물의 중금속 및 셀레늄 함량

권혜정,김기철,김경아,김영수,강석호,곽신혜,강경자,이필석,조욱현,모아라,박용배 한국식품위생안전성학회 2019 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.34 No.6

The heavy metal concentrations in dried seafoods commonly consumed in Gyeonggi-do were analyzed. Concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were measured in 95 samples with an inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and an Hg analyzer. The average concentration [mean±SD(minimum-maximum) mg/kg] of heavy metals were as follows: Pb 0.062±0.071(0.002-0.428), Cd 0.083±0.100(0.004-0.540), Hg 0.012±0.012(N.D-0.054) and Se 0.839±0.371(0.362-2.124). All the levels were below the recommended standards of the MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). In the comparison of heavy metal content by anchovy size, it was shown that mercury was significantly higher in large anchovy (P<0.05). Selenium levels were found to differ significantly in small anchovy and large anchovy (P<0.05). Pb, Cd and Hg were significantly higher in Tiger prawn among shrimp (P<0.05). The heavy metal and selenium levels of anchovy and shad were highest in the intestine. However, the heavy metal and selenium levels of shrimp were highest in the head. In addition, weekly (monthly) intake of mercury and cadmium from dried seafoods was found to be 0.712% and 2.978% of PTW(M)I (Provisional Tolerable Weekly(Monthly) Intake) respectively. Therefore, it was found that dried seafoods were safe for consumption.

수산물 중 총수은 모니터링 및 메틸수은 분석법 고찰

곽신혜,김기철,김경아,강석호,권혜정,조윤식,강경자,이필석,조욱현,모아라,박용배,윤미혜 한국식품위생안전성학회 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.3

The use of microwave-assisted extraction and an acid-base clean-up process to determine the amount of methylmercury (MeHg) in marine products was suggested in order to improve the complicated sample preparation process. The optimal conditions for microwave-assisted extraction was developed by using a 10% NaCl solution as an extraction solution, setting the extraction temperature at 50℃, and holding for 15 minutes to extract the MeHg in marine products. A NaOH solution was selected as a clean-up substitute instead of L-cysteine solution. Overall, 670 samples of marine products were analyzed for total mercury (Hg). Detection levels were in the range of 0.0006~0.3801 μg/kg. MeHg was analyzed and compared using the current food code and the proposed method for 49 samples which contained above 0.1 mg/kg of Hg. Detection ranges of methylmercury followed by the Korea Food Code and the proposed method were 75.25 (ND~516.93) μg/kg and 142.07 (100.14~244.55) μg/kg, respectively. The total analytical time of proposed method was reduced by more than 25% compared with the current food code method.

Virtual Reality를 이용한 홍수위험지도 제작 및 활용

송영선(Song, Yeong Sun),권오섭(Kwon, Oh Seob),이필석(Lee, Pil Seok) 대한공간정보학회 2011 한국지형공간정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

총각김치의 제조과정 중 잔류농약(diazinon, diniconazole, dimethomorph)의 제거율 연구

이윤미,오문석,전종섭,이성봉,김한택,강향리,이효경,손지희,이병훈,이필석,김지원,최옥경 한국식품위생안전성학회 2020 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구에서는 총각무에 검출빈도가 높은 3성분의 농약 을 선택하여 농약 침지 후 잔류농약이 총각김치제조 과정에서 제거되는 정도를 측정하였다. 총각무의 절임과 세척 과정 후에는 초기 처리농도에 대비 잎은 diazinon, diniconazole 및 dimethomorph 각각 43.8%, 41.9% 및 89.8%가 제거되었으며, 뿌리는 59.5%, 54.7% 및 85.1%가 제거되었다. 4oC에서 김치를 숙성하는 과정 중 농약의 잔류량은 4주간의 숙성기간 동안 초기 처리농도 대비 잎은 diazinon 82.4%, diniconazole 77.1% 그리고 dimethomorph 98.9%가 제거되었고, 뿌리의 경우 diazinon 94.0%, diniconazole 91.8% 그리고 dimethomorph 90.0%가 제거되었다. 총각김치 잔류농약 제거율을 제조과정별 상대적인 백분율로 나타낸 결과 절임과정에서 가장 많은 잔류농약 제거율을 보였으며, 그 결과 농약 3종은 44.6%-66.5%가 제거되었다. 반면 뿌리에서 diazinon, diniconazole은 숙성과정에서 51.8%-55.8%로 가장 많은 잔류농약 제거율을 보였다. 3종의 농약이 잔류하는 김치를 0oC, 4oC에서 4주간 숙성시키면서 온도에 따른 농약제거율의 차이를 살펴본 결과, diazinon은 뿌리에서 4oC가 0oC에 비해 농약제거율이 2.7%-10.8%가 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 그 이외의 농약에서는 숙성온도 별 잔류농약 제거율의 차이는 미미한 것으로 확인되었다. This study determined the removal ofrates for three types of pesticides which were spiked from Chonggak radish during the preparation of chonggak kimchi. When Chonggak radish (leaves) were brined with 10% salt solution and rinsed with water, the removal rate of the three pesticides was 43.8%, 41.9% and 89.8% for diazinon, diniconazole and dimethomorph, respectively. When Chonggak kimchi (leaves) were prepared and fermented for 4 weeks at 4oC, the removal rate of the three pesticides was 82.4%, 77.2% and 98.9% for diazinon, diniconazole and dimethomorph, respectively. Pesticide residues in chonggak radish (roots) were removed by up to 54.7-85.1% of initial concentration through brining and washing. During the fermentation of chonggak kimchi (roots) for 4 weeks at 4oC, the amount of pesticide residues was decreased by 94.0%, 91.8% and 90.0% of initial concentration for diazinon, diniconazole and dimethomorph, respectively. The highest relative removal rate by percentage for the three pesticides asreached 66.5% by salting chonggak radish (leaves). On the other hand, the highest relative removal rate by percentage of pesticides was shown during fermentation, reaching 51.8% and 55.8% for diazinon and diniconazole, respectively, in Chonggak kimchi (roots). As a result of examining the differences ofbetween the three pesticide removal rates rates according to temperature while fermentedduring fermentation of Chonggak kimchi with three pesticides for 4 weeks at 0oC and 4oC, diazinon pesticide removal was has a high pesticide removal rate of 2.7-10.8% from fermented Chonggak kimchi (roots) at 4oC compared to 0oC. In the other pesticides, the difference in removal rate of the pesticideresidual pesticides residues by aging temperature was found to be insignificant.