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Naloxone 이 저혈량성 Shock 에 미치는 영향
이춘희,이귀용 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.1
The effects of morphine in 'bringing sleep and an end to pain' have been known from the beginning of recorded history. But the existence of endogenous opiates(endorphins) has been demonstrated only in the last decade. Endorphins bind to opiate receptora and exhibit potent opiate-like activity. In the corticotroph cells of the anterior lobe of pituitary, ACTH and B-endorphin are synthesized simultaneously. There is a hypothalamic releasing factor which causes the secretion both B-endorphin and ACTH, but ACTH and B-endorphin are also released simultaneoulsy by stress. Endorphins adversely affect the circuraltory status and these effects are reversed by the intravenous injection of the narcotic antagonist, naloxone. The author studied Dirksen's hypothesis that endorphins may be involved in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock. In this experiment, the author dividd laboratory animals into 3 groups and administered normal saline, salicylate or hydrocortisone, respectively. Ⅰ. normal saline pretreated group Ⅱ. salicylate pretreated group Ⅲ. hydrocortisone pretreated group Each group was them divided into 4 subgroups and treated as follows: 1) hypovolemic shock+normal saline 2) hypovolemic shock+naloxone 3) hypovolemic shock+hydrocortisone 4) hypovolemic shock+PGE_1 The following results were obtained: 1) MAP was significantly increased after naloxone and PGE_1 administration in the normal saline pretreated group. 2) MAP was not changed in the salicylate pretreated group. 3) MAP was significantly increased after naloxone and PGE_1 administration in the hydrocortisone pretreated sgroup. 4) Pulse pressure was significantly increased after naloxone, hydrocortisone and PGE_1 administraition in the normal saline and hydrocortisone pretreated groups. Form the above experiment, it may be inferred that endorphins and prostaglandia may play a role in the pathophusiology of hypovolemic shock.
Improving inter-rater reliability in oral proficiency test at college level
이춘희 한국현대영어영문학회 2010 현대영어영문학 Vol.54 No.1
As in language teaching program, speaking ability has been focused on, it is desired to produce an oral test that will fit in with the teaching program and that will be designed by. Many classroom teachers, however, feel that oral exams are among the most difficult types of exams to create, schedule, administer, and grade. Teachers are the least confident in making accurate assessment for speaking ability compared to testing other language skills by multiple choice test. This study aims to show some problems that can be raised in the oral proficiency test in classroom, focusing that inter-rater reliability can cause a potential source of unfairness. How to keep the rating consistency from different raters is the primary concern. The data collected in a simulated rating experiment are analyzed and several considerations on how the unfairness caused by the examiner variability can be reduced are suggested.
How to deal with the Collocational limitations in Korean learners
이춘희 한국현대영어영문학회 2009 현대영어영문학 Vol.53 No.1
The main difficulty students encounter in relation to new vocabulary is knowing what its collocational properties are. As simply understanding the meaning of each word is not enough, there has been a growing awareness of importance of lexical collocations for vocabulary learning in EFL teaching, That's why collocations are considered as the key to achieving natural language fluency. In the transfer process, there are lots of obstacles to learners. This study on collocation deals with error analysis and comparison between Korean learner corpora and native corpora and identifies the collocational limitations in written and spoken English, And by classifying and discussing the deviant collocations, this study tries to offer suggestions how to improve the teaching and learning of English lexis in Korean learners and suggests the corpus studies provided new possibilities for finding solutions to transferability problems.(Jeonju University)