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인공위성(SCIAMACHY) 데이터를 이용한 대류권 SO₂, NO₂ 측정
이철규(Chulkyu Lee),Andreas Richter,John P. Burrows,김영준(Young J. Kim) 한국대기환경학회 2008 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.24 No.2
Anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide in Northeast Asia are of great concern because of their impact on air quality and atmospheric chemistry on regional and intercontinental scales. Satellite remote sensing based on DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) technique has been preferred to measure atmospheric trace species and to investigate their emission characteristics on regional and global scales. Absorption spectra obtained by the satellite-born instrument, SCIAMACHY (Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography) have been utilized to retrieve the information of SO₂ and NO₂ over Northeast Asia. SO₂ levels over Northeast Asia were in order of East China, Yellow Sea, South Sea and Korean Peninsula with mean vertical columns of 1.78(±1.0)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 1.11(±0.67)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 0.60(±0.63)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 0.71(±0.65)×10<SUP>16</SUP> molecules/㎠, respectively. NO₂ levels were in order of East China, Yellow Sea, Korean Peninsula, and South Sea with mean vertical columns of 1.2(±0.56)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 0.38(±0.19)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 0.48(±0.28)×10<SUP>16</SUP>, 0.26(±0.16)×10<SUP>16</SUP> molecules/㎠, respectively. High levels of SO₂ and NO₂ were observed over East China, in particular in winter by the contribution of heating fuel combustion exhausts. The SO₂ and NO₂ levels over East China were the highest in January with 34% and 42% higher over the annual means. Low levels of SO₂ ranged over Korean peninsula, while NO₂ levels were relatively high, in particular in winter. The SO₂ and NO₂ levels over Yellow Sea were relatively higher compared to those over Korean peninsula and South Sea, which could be mainly attributed to their transport from East China.
수도권 지역 집중호우 사상에 대한 이중편파 레이더의 관측 특성 분석
노용훈(Ro, Yonghun),장기호(Chang, Ki-Ho),차주완(Cha, Joo-Wan),이철규(Lee, Chulkyu),류근혁(Ryu, Geun-Hyeok) 한국방재학회 2022 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.22 No.1
본 연구에서는 수도권 지역의 집중호우 현상에 대한 연구용 이중편파 레이더의 관측 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 2020년 6~8월 집중호우로 인한 침수 피해가 크게 발생했던 세 개 호우사상을 선별하였다. 강우 변화가 크게 나타난 시간에 관측된 레이더 자료를 이용하여 수도권 지역에 영향을 준 집중호우의 관측 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 시간별 반사도, 차등반사도, 비차등위상, 교차상관계수의 물리적 특성과 지상 강우 대비 레이더 강우의 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 수도권 지역에서 집중호우 영향으로 레이더 반사도는 40 dBZ 이상 감지될 수 있었고, 차등반사도는 입자 크기가 증가된 것을 확인해 주었다. 비차등위상은 지상 강우와 가장 유사한 분포로 나타났으며, 차등반사도와 같이 수도권 집중호우의 국지적 특성을 나타냈다. 교차상관계수는 집중호우 관측에 대한 연구용 이중편파 레이더의 일관된 관측 성능을 확인해 주었다. 아울러 레이더 강우는 첨두 시간을 잘 모의하였고, JPOLE보다 CSU-HIDRO가 최대 32.4% 더 정확하게 강우를 추정한 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the observational characteristics of dual-polarization radar for studying the heavy rainfall in the capital area were evaluated. To this end, three rainfall events that had caused significant flood damage due to the heavy rainfall from June to August 2020 were selected. The application of dual-polarization radar data revealed a significant change in precipitation during the analysis of observation characteristics of the affected capital area’s heavy rainfall. Moreover, the physical characteristics of reflectivity, differential reflectivity, specific differential phase, and copolar-correlation coefficient and their temporal dynamics in radar rainfall were compared to rain gauge rainfall. The radar reflectivity has been identified at the frequency of ≥ 40 dBZ due to the effects of heavy rainfall in the capital area, while the differential reflectivity has confirmed that the particle size was larger. The specific differential phase seemingly exhibited the most similar distribution to rain gauge rainfall, while exhibiting local characteristics of heavy rainfall in the capital area, according to the differential reflectivity result. The copolar-correlation coefficient confirmed the consistent observational performance of the dual-polarization radar for evaluation of heavy rainfall. Overall, the radar rainfall demonstrated good performance in simulating the peak time, and CSU-HIDRO estimated the rainfall with up to 32.4% more accuracy than JPOLE.
이철규,최여진,이정순,정진상,김영준,김기현 한국대기환경학회 2005 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.21 No.1
In this study, a Long Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy system (K-JIST LP-DOAS) has been used to simultaneously measure atmospheric monoaromatic hydrocarbons and other trace compounds. The validity of the K-JIST LP-DOAS for measuring atmospheric monoaromatic hydrocarbons was tested during a field campaign between 12 February and 14 March 2003 at an urban site in Seoul, Korea through inter-comparative measurements against a collocated on-line Gas Chromatography (GC) system. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and m-xylene were measured with the K-JIST LP-DOAS system in the UV region (239~302 nm) over a 740 m beam path. For the other trace compounds, a longer spectral range (299~362 nm) was used. In order to remove the interference of atmospheric abundant species (such as oxygen, sulfur dioxide and ozone), two oxygen optical density spectra obtained at two pathlengths, 697 and 1133m, and reference spectra of sulfur dioxide and ozone were incorporated in the fitting procedure. The mean concentrations measured by our LP-DOAS during the measurement period were 0.77 (±0.38) ppbv for benzene, 3.68 (±1.90) ppbv for toluene, 0.41 (±0.19) ppbv for p-xylene, 0.54 (±0.24) ppbv for m-xylene. The concentration data of benzene, toluene, p-xylene and mxylene obtained by our LP-DOAS were found to be in relatively good correlations with those of the online GC system. Pearson’s coefficients in the observed concentrations between LP-DOAS and on-line GC were 0.84 for benzene, 0.83 for toluene and 0.65 for m,p-xylene. This study suggests that the LP-DOAS system can be used to provide reliable information on both the mixing ratios and temporal distribution characteristics of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the urban air.