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신명기 24:1-4에 나타난 עֶרְוַת דָּבָר와 동사 הֻתְמְאָה의 상관관계 연구
이창엽 (재)대한성서공회 성경번역연구소 2023 성경원문연구 Vol.- No.53
This paper deals with the palingamy of a man who tries to remarry his former wife after the end of her second marriage or the bereavement of her second husband. In order to understand the entire statement of Deuteronomy 24:1-4 with a new perspective, a syntactic analysis of Deuteronomy 24:1-4 is attempted. Key words such as the verb התמאה and ערות דבר are analyzed. Through this analysis, we can observe some correlation between the statement “after she has been defiled” and the words ערות דבר. Unlike the traditional position of understanding Deuteronomy 24:1-4 as a conditional protasis (vv. 1-3) and apodosis (v. 4), the sentences in verses 1-4 are composed of declarative sentences (D) that describe successive events. והיה אמ used in Deuteronomy 24:1a should not be viewed as a marker for a conditional clause, but rather functions to inform that new events are continuing following the first event mentioned in Deuteronomy 24:1a. The man (M1) uses ערות דבר as technical term (the ‘objectionable’) to lay the grounds for his divorcing his wife. Rather than being a term that refers to a specific situation, ערות דבר is a term that refers to the man (M1)’s ‘opposition’ to show that he cannot maintain his marriage. The term denotes unseemly behavior in general. There are three possible readings of the verb התמאה without transforming or repositioning consonants. Reading the verb התמאה as the passive form of the reflexive expresses the fact that the woman is passively defiled. But because her situation does not fit with the reflexive usage which connotes benefiting, I suggest that reading the verb התמאה as the hophal form (הֻתְמְאָה) is a more suitable reading for its contexts than the reflexive form. It fits well with the situations completely governed by the arbitrariness of the man (M1). Therefore, Deuteronomy 24:4 forbids him (M1) from taking her as his wife again by the unilateral expediency of her husband for his own benefit. Deuteronomy 24:1-4 does not deny the meaning of the marriage introduced in Genesis 2:24. Deuteronomy 24:1-4 also does not aim to introduce general rules regarding divorce. It presents specific, likely examples. Deuteronomy 24:1-4 can be seen as expressing very strong intention to protect women, who are socially disadvantaged. Deuteronomy 24:1-4 clearly shows that the goal is not to fundamentally change the patriarchal society, but to control the hearts of those who want to abuse his power for his own good.
이창엽,이홍재,최용락 한국IT정책경영학회 2018 한국IT정책경영학회 논문지 Vol.10 No.1
As interest in data analysis increases, the value of the data itself is increasing. This led to concerns about the quality of the accumulated data. In each field of society, there is an increasing tendency to improve the quality of data to increase the value of the data for qualitied data analysis. This tendency is prominent in the field of disease management. The problem is that most of the disease data are used by various research groups, government agencies, and the reliability and effectiveness of the data is low due to the lack of data standardization during the integration process. In addition, error data is scattered because the designing of each database is not efficiently performed and analog data created before the information technology is diffused are not managed sufficiently so that the meaning and accuracy of the data cannot be secured in proper level. In these situations, it is very difficult for the data analysis to have a practical effect, and there is a high possibility of misinterpretation and prediction. As a result, this leads to erroneous decision-making and policy failures and erroneous decision causes unnecessary cost and loss. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a data quality management system for the database system that is actually operated to improve the data quality in the long term view.