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상악 전치부의 심미적 임플란트 수복을 위한 육아 조직(Granulation tissue)을 이용한 치조제 보존술
이창균,Lee Chang Kyun 대한심미치과학회 2023 Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistr Vol.32 No.1
상악 전치부 임플란트 수복의 성공에 있어서 심미적인 요소는 매우 중요한 부분입니다. 하지만 심미적인 결과를 얻는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니며 특히 치주염으로 인해 치조골 소실이 심하게 발생한 경우라면 더욱 그러합니다. 상악 전치부의 경우, 발치 직후부터 시작되는 치주 조직의 위축이 심미적 수복을 방해하므로 이를 최소화하기 위해 발치 즉시 임플란트를 시행하기도 합니다. 하지만 치조골 소실이 심한 경우 발치 즉시 식립은 심미적 실패를 가져올 가능성이 있고, 이런 결과는 돌이킬 수 없는 문제를 야기합니다. 그래서 치조제 보존술(Alveolar ridge preservation)을 시행하고 이후에 임플란트를 식립하는 방법으로 접근하기도 합니다. 2019년 JCP에 발치 후 임플란트 식립 시기와 발치와 처치에 대한 유럽치주학회의 consensus가 수록되어 있는데 여기서도 '심미적으로 중요한 부위에서 순측 치조골의 소실이 심하게 발생한 경우 치조제 보존술을 고려해야 한다고 언급하고 있습니다. 치조제 보존술을 하게 되면 primary closure가 어렵기 때문에 open membrane technique으로 이차치유를 유도하거나 FGG, CT graft를 시행하게 됩니다. 하지만 이차 치유 과정은 골재생에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있고, 연조직 이식은 환자와 술자에게 부담이 될 수 있습니다. 반면 치조골 결손이 심한 발치와에 있는 육아 조직(Granulation tissue)을 이용하게 되면 연조직 이식 없이도 primary closure를 얻을 수 있습니다. 또한 육아 조직에 조직 재생에 도움이 될 수 있는 줄기세포가 함유되어 있다는 연구들이 있습니다. 이를 근거로 치조골 및 연조직 결손이 심한 상악 전치부 치아를 육아 조직을 이용한 치조제 보존술을 통해 임플란트 수복을 시행하였습니다. 결손이 심한 발치와임에도 불구하고 비교적 심미적인 임플란트 수복 결과를 얻을 수 있었습니다. Esthetic factors are very important in the success of maxillary anterior implant restoration. However, achieving esthetic results is difficult, especially in cases where periodontitis has resulted in severe alveolar bone loss. In the case of maxillary anterior teeth, the alveolar ridge resorption that begins immediately after tooth extraction interferes with the esthetic implant restoration. Therefore immediate implant placement can be performed to minimize the alveolar ridge resorption. However, in severe bone loss cases, immediate implant placement could result in esthetic failure, and this result might cause irreparable problems. We can also perform alveolar ridge preservation and then place implants later. On JCP published in 2019, there is the consensus of European academy of periodontology on the extraction socket management and the timing of implant placement. This consensus states that alveolar ridge preservation should be considered when there is severe labial bone loss in an esthetically important area such as maxillary anterior region. On performing the alveolar ridge preservation, we cannot obtain the primary wound closure, so secondary wound healing is induced with open membrane technique or soft tissue grafting should be performed for primary wound closure. However, the secondary wound healing can have a negative impact on bone regeneration, and soft tissue grafting such as FGG or CT graft can be burdensome for both patients and dentists. On the other hand, by using the granulation tissue in the extraction socket, primary closure can be achieved without soft tissue grafting. Also some studies have shown that granulation tissue in periodontal defects contains stem cells that may help in tissue regeneration. Based on this, implant restorations were performed on maxillary anterior teeth with severe alveolar bone loss by alveolar ridge preservation using granulation tissue. In spite of the severe bone defect of the extraction socket, relatively esthetic results could be obtained in implant restorations.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 의 생장과 색소함량에 미치는 제초제의 영향
이창균,정준희,최영길,한명수,채영규 ( C K Lee,J H Chung,Y K Choi,M S Han,Y G Chai ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.3
The effects of herbicides on the growth and pigment content of green algae were examined. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was exposed to herbicides (glyphosate, phosphinothricin, simazine, alachlor and 2,4-D) concentration ranging from 1.0 x 10^(-6)M to 1.0 x 10^(-2) M contained in a high salt minimal medium. With increasing concentration of herbicides, a significant decrease in the cell number, and pigment content was observed. EC_(50), the concentration at which growth rates were reduced to a half, were 3.73 x 10^(-5) M, 3.18 x 10^(-5) M, 6.53 x 10^(-5) M, 4.75 x 10^(-7) M and 1.05 x 10^(-2) M for glyphosate, phosphinothricin, simazine, alachlor and 2,4-D, respectively.
재정조정에 있어서의 로칼미니멈(Local Minimum)론의 시도
이창균 한국지방행정연구원 2002 地方行政硏究 Vol.16 No.2
This study is intended to figure out the problems related to the local fiscal coordination system. Especially, this paper is studied on the centralization and decentralization in local fiscal coordination. To satisfy these research purposes, the followings are conducted. First of all, various theories and methods of local fiscal coordination has been surveyed. Secondly, this study analysed the formation background of local fiscal coordination in Korea, Japan, Germany. The results of the major findings of the done by this research can be summarized, the local fiscal coordination has been started as a tool of centralization. In other words. the local fiscal coordination system has been started as a tool of centralization for the National Minimum. Finally, this study suggested the Local Minimum Theory as a new decentralization ideas for Local Autonomy.
이창균,김효종 Korean Society of Gastroenterology 2007 대한소화기학회지 Vol.50 No.1
<P>Intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) refers to colonic ulcerative lesions documented by objective measures in patients with BD. Although the causes of intestinal BD are unknown, genetic, environmental, and immunological factors have been suggested. Intestinal BD is common in BD patients from Far East, while it is uncommon in those from the Middle East. The reasons for such peculiar geographic distribution in intestinal BD are unknown, but may provide clues for the elucidation of putative etiological agents or genetic factors that might be associated with intestinal BD. Although the treatment of Crohn's disease has improved significantly during past decade, the treatment of intestinal BD is still problematic. Corticosteroids, sulfasalazine, immunomodulators, and colchicines have been used to treat intestinal BD with varying degree of success. Thalidomide and its analogues also appear to be applicable. Monoclonal antibodies to TNF-alpha have recently been focused as a novel therapeutic option for patients with intestinal BD.</P>