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Study on the International Intensive Measurements in Northeast Asia Relating to the FRIEND Project
이지이,송미정,장경순,김창혁,Zhijun Wu,Atsushi Matsuki,Amgalan Natsagdorj 한국대기환경학회 2021 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
Air pollution in Northeast Asia is not a problem that can be characterized and mitigated by the effort of a single country but requires an international and cross-border perspective. Therefore, the Center for Fine Particle Research Initiative in East Asia Considering National Differences (FRIEND) project has been launched since 2020 to characterize air pollution in Northeast Asia with effective collaboration. As one part of FRIEND project, this study aims to elucidate the spatio-temporal characteristics of atmospheric aerosols in Northeast Asia and provide scientific knowledge on their evolution of air pollution in the region by international intensive measurement. This will be done by creating an exceptionally strong network of key monitoring activities across the nations, including Korea, China, Mongolia, and Japan. The plan for eight intensive field campaigns regarding the high-resolution physical and chemical measurement of aerosols and precursors was also established to achieve this objective. This presentation will introduce the details on the study for the characteristics of haze formation in Northeast Asia by international intensive measurements.
이지이,홍지형,정창훈,김용표 한국입자에어로졸학회 2013 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.9 No.2
Among the hazardous air pollutions(HAPs), characteristics of secondary organic aerosols are not well understood. In this study, the current state for the measurement and analysis of representative secondary PAHs such as oxy-PAHs and nitro-PAHs are presented with the discussion of their toxicity. Also, further research directions for the secondary PAHs are suggested. It was found that the chemical reaction mechanisms and products of PAHs in the air are poorly identified and their toxicities are not well studied. Moreover ambient concentrations of those secondary PAHs are not well documented. Sampling methodologies of those secondary PAHs are similar with PAHs but the analytical protocols for those secondary PAHs are more complicated than PAHs. Future management directions are suggested along with future research directions.
안면도 미세먼지의 수용성 유기탄소 및 알칸계 유기성분 분석
이지이,김용표,김유원,김은실,이선영,이현희,이승묵,권수현 한국입자에어로졸학회 2011 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.7 No.4
The concentration levels of n-alkanes and water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) at Anmyon, a Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) station operated by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), has been characterized for the PM10 samples collected in 2010. It was found that the concentrations of WSOC at Anmyon were comparable to those in Seoul and lower than those in Gosan, another background area in Korea. However, the maximum concentration of the WSOC at Anmyon was observed in fall while that at Seoul was in winter. It suggests that the emission and/or transformation characteristics at two areas are different. The concentrations of n-alkanes at Anmyon were slightly lower than at Gosan and about one thirds at Seoul. However, it was found that at Gosan the n-alkanes from natural sources were dominant at Gosan. On the other hand, n-alkanes from anthropogenic sources were dominant at Anmyon. Study directions to further understand the characteristics of aerosols at Anmyon are discussed.
이지이,황은진,임형배,김유원,김은실,김용표 한국입자에어로졸학회 2013 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.9 No.3
To understand the characteristics of organic aerosol(OA) at the background atmosphere of Korea, an observation of atmospheric PM10 was conducted at a Global Atmospheric Watch(GAW) station operated by the Korean Meteorological Administration at Anmyon Island during 2010. Various organic compounds were analyzed from 26 samples by using a gas chromatography‐mass spectrometer. Water soluble organic carbon(WSOC) was also analyzed by using a total organic carbon(TOC) analyzer. Among 6 classes with 68 target compounds detected, the classes of n‐alkanoic and alkenoic acids (326.67±75.40 ng m‐3) and dicarboxylic acids (323.74±361.89 ng m‐3) were found to be major compound classes in the atmosphere of Anmyon Island. Compared to the previous results reported for 2005 spring samples at Gosan site, the concentrations of organic compounds at Anmyon Island were 3‐10 times higher than Gosan site due to the difference of location and sampling period. The concentrations of organic compounds were varied with the atmospheric conditions. Significant increase of the concentrations of dicarboxylic and carboxylic acids in the smog episode indicated that secondary oxidation of organic compounds was major factor to increase OA concentration during smog episode in the Anmyon Island. It was found that the compositions of the OA measured at Anmyon Island were dependent on the air parcel trajectories.
이지이 한국대기환경학회 2021 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
대기 미세먼지는 크게 황산염과 질산염, 무기원소 등의 무기성분과 더불어 다양한 유기성분으로 구성된 유기에어로졸로 구성되어 있다. 미세먼지 내 유기에어로졸은 미세먼지 질량 농도의 큰 비중을 차지(20~90%)하고, 약 1,000여 종의 개별 유기성분들로 구성되어 있다고 보고되고 있지만, 분석의 한계로 현재까지 주로 100여 종의 성분들에 대한 분석만 이루어지고 있다. 이는 미세먼지에 존재하는 전체 유기성분의 10~40%만이 동정된 것이다. 미세먼지에 존재하는 유기성분은 배출원, 또는 생성원에 따라 그 종류와 농도가 다를 수 있기 때문에, 미세먼지 내 유기성분 분석은 대기 입자의 주요 기여원의 종류와 그 영향도를 정량화하는 데 도움이 된다. 즉, 유기에어로졸을 구성하는 특정 유기성분들의 농도분포를 통해 자동차 배출과 생체소각, 대기 중 이차생성의 영향 등을 구분할 수 있기 때문에, 수용모델에서 발생원을 구분하는 지표물질(marker)로 활용된다. 하지만, 미세먼지 내 유기성분들은 미세먼지 내 저농도 수준(ng/m³~pg/m³)으로 존재하고, 다양한 성분들이 존재하기 때문에 모든 유기성분들을 먼지로부터 추출하여 분석하는데 한계가 있다. 가장 보편적인 미세먼지 내 유기성분을 분석하는 방법은 미세먼지를 유기용매로 추출한 후 가스크로마토그래프-질량분석기(GC-MS)로 분석하는 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 이 방법에 대한 자세한 원리 및 적용범위에 대해서 설명하고자 한다. 또한, 현재 미세먼지 내 유기성분을 분석을 위해 개발되는 진보된 분석기법을 소개하고, 향후 미세먼지 생성원인을 구체적으로 규명하기 위하여 어떠한 유기성분들의 분석이 이루어져야 하는지에 대해서 제안하고자 한다.