크로스핏 참여자의 여가몰입이 여가만족에 미치는 영향

이지열(Lee Ji-youl),이철원(Lee Chul-won),한지훈(Han Jee-hoon) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2016 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.40 No.4

The intended goal of this research project is to explore the relationship between leisure flow and leisure satisfaction of CrossFit participants. The primary research data was collected directly from 280 CrossFit participants for this study. The data was processed utilizing SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 20.0. The data was also managed through frequency analysis, factor analysis, one-way analysis of variance, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis. The result was as followed; first, a significant divergence was found between the participation level and the leisure flow level of CrossFit participants. Secondly, another significant divergence was recorded between the leisure satisfaction levels and the leisure flow levels of CrossFit participants. Thirdly, the cognitive flow was found to have positive effects on psychological satisfaction, educational satisfaction, social satisfaction, relaxation satisfaction, physiological satisfaction and environmental satisfaction. The behavioral flow was found to have positive effects on psychological satisfaction, educational satisfaction, social satisfaction, physiological satisfaction.

Laves phase계 수소저장합금의 전기화학적 수소화 반응 메카니즘에 관한 연구

이지열(Ji Youl Lee),김찬중(Chan Jung Kim),김대룡(Dai Ryong Kim) 한국수소및신에너지학회 1997 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.8 No.1

In order to investigate the mechanism of electrochemical hydrogenation reaction on Zr-based Laves phase hydrogen storage alloy electrodes, electrochemical charge/discharge characteristics, potentiostatic/dynamic polarizations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) of Zr-Ti-Mn-Ni and Zr-Ti-Mn-Ni-M(M=Fe, Co, Al) alloys were examined. Electrochemical discharge capacities of the alloys were quite different with gas charge capacities. Therefore, it was considered that discharge capacities of the alloys depend on electrochemical kinetic factors rather then thermodynamic ones. Discharge efficiencies were increased linearly with exchange current densities. The results of potentiostatic/dynamic polarization measurements showed that electrochemical charge and discharge reaction of Zr-based Laves phase hydrogen storage alloys is controlled by charge transfer process at the electrode surface. The EIS measurements also confirmed this result.

연구논문 : 생명과학 ; 캅사이신에 의한 MBT-2 방광암세포에서의 활성산소종 생성의 감소와 아포토시스 유도에 관한 연구

이지선 ( Ji Seon Lee ),장종선 ( Jong Sun Chang ),이지열 ( Ji Youl Lee ),김정애 ( Jung Ae Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2005 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.15 No.-

30세 이후 여성의 과활동성방광 실태에 대한 조사 연구

송효정(Hyo Jeong Song),김명자(Myung Ja Kim),양남영(Nam Young Yang),이미숙(Mi Sook Lee),이인옥(In Ok Lee),남주선(Ju Sun Nam),송혜향(Hae Hyang Song),이은주(Eun Joo Lee),김준철(Joon Chul Kim),이지열(Ji Youl Lee),이동환(Dong Hwan Lee) 대한여성건강학회 2003 여성건강 Vol.4 No.1

요로감염에 관여하는 카테터 내 박테리아의 Quorum Sensing 관련 autoinducer 합성 유전자의 발현분석

이미혜,서필수,이지열,백경란,이상섭,Lee, Mi-Hye,Seo, Pil-Soo,Lee, Ji-Youl,Peck, Kyong-Ran,Lee, Sang-Seob 한국미생물학회 2006 미생물학회지 Vol.42 No.4

본 연구에서는 신경인성 방광으로 요도 카테터를 유치하고 있는 환자의 카테터로부터 카테터 내 요로감염(Catheter-Associate Urinary Tract Infection; CA-UTI)에 관여하는 박테리아인 Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 그리고 Staphylococcus aureus를 순수 분리, 동정하였다. 이 균주들을 대상으로 하여 quorum sensing mechanism을 규명하는 기초 연구로 각 균주의 quorum sensing 신호물질인 autoinducer (AIs)를 합성하는 유전자의 mRNA 발현을 확인하고, 정략분석 하였다. 각 세 균주를 단일과 세 균주의 혼합으로 24시간, 30일 동안 배양하며 일정 시간 간격으로 sample을 얻었다. 이 중 24시간 배양한 sample을 가지고 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)을 수행하여 각 AIs 합성 유전자가 발현되는 최초 박테리아 밀도를 확인하였다. 단일배양에서 E. coli와 S. aureus의 AIs 합성 유전자(ygaG와 luxS)의 mRNA가 발현되는 최초 박테리아 밀도는 $2.4{\times}20^5$ CFU/ml, $5.4{\times}10^6$ CFU/ml 이었으며 P. aeruginosa의 rhlI와 lasI의 경우 $6.9{\times}10^4$ CFU/ml로 나타났다. 세 균주의 혼합배양에서 ygaG와 luxS의 mRNA가 발현되는 최초 박테리아 밀도는$7.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml, $1.6{\times}10^7$ CFU/ml이었으며 rhlI와 lasI의 경우 $2.1{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml로 나타났다. 또한 30일 배양한 sample의 RT-PCR 결과, 배양초기부터 각 AIs 합성 유전자들의 mRNA가 30일 동안 일정한 양만큼 지속적으로 발현됨을 확인하였다. Real-time RT-PCR을 이용한 AIs 합성 유전자의 mRNA 발현을 정량 분석한 결과 각 균주에서 단일배양보다 혼합배양시 AIs 합성 유전자의 발현이 더 많았다. 가장 많은 발현량의 차이를 보인 경우 E. coli ygaG의 mRNA 발현량은 단일배양보다 세 균주의 혼합배양시 최고 약 30배 이상이 증가하였고, P. aeruginosa rhlI의 경우 단일배양보다 혼합배양시 최고 약 40배, P. aeruginosa lasI의 경우 최고 약 250배 그리고 S. aureus luxS의 경우는 단일배양보다 혼합배양시 최고 약 5배 이상 mRNA 발현량이 증가하였다. 또한 세 균주의 4가지 유전자 중 P. aeruginosa의 rhlI와 lasI의 mRNA가 가장 많은 양으로 발현됨을 확인하였다. The most biofilm forming bacteria in catheter, Esctherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and identified from a patient's catheter occuring catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI). We examined mRNA expression and its quantification of AIs synthetic genes encoding signal substance of quorum sensing from each bacterial species in order to elucidated quorum sensing mechanism. Both pure cultures for each bacterial strains and a mixed cultures with three were grown for 24 hr and 30 days. Initial densities to be able to detect mRNA expression oil single strains culture were shown at $2.4{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml, $5.4{\times}10^6$ CFU/ml of E. coli for ygaG and S. aureus for luxS, and at $6.9{\times}10^4$ CFU/ml of P. aeruginosa for rhlI and lasI. Also, in mixed culture of three, initial cell densities of mRNA expression were appear to at $7.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml, $1.6{\times}10^7$ CFU/ml of E. coli for ygaG and S. aureus for luxS, and at $2.1{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml of P. aeruginosa for rhlI and lasI. Each AIs synthetic gene was expressed in initial cell density and the mRNA expression of the genes were detected continously during 30 days. And then, the quantification of mRNA expression level of ygaG, rhlI, last, and luxS which were related AIs synthesis was done each time point by real-time RT-PCR. Interestingly, the mRNA levels of ygaG, rhlI, lasI, and luxS from the mixed culture was higher than those from each single strain culture. In the case of E. coli ygaG, the amount of transcript from the mixed culture was at least 30 times for that from single culture. In the case of P. aeruginosa rhlI and lasI, the amount of transcript from the mixed culture was at least 40 times and 250 times for that from single strain culture. In the case of S. aureus luxS, the amount of transcript from the mixed culture was at least 5 times for that from single strain culture. And specially, the mRNA expression of rhlI and lasI of P. aeruginosa showed the highest efficency among four AIs synthetic genes.

진행성 요로상피암에서 Gemcitabine과 Cisplatin 병합 화학요법의 효용성

김상훈(Sang Hoon Kim),이승주(Seung-Ju Lee),이지열(Ji Youl Lee),조수연(Su Yeon Cho),김세웅(Sae Woong Kim),이충범(Choong Bum Lee),조대행(Dae Haeng Cho),강성학(Sung Hak Kang),황태곤(Tae Kon Hwang),조용현(Yong-Hyun Cho) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2004 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.2 No.2

전립선암의 남성호르몬 박탈 치료와 근치적 전립선적출술의 비용 분석

김장묵 ( Jang Mook Kim ),노미정 ( Mi Jung Rho ),장광수 ( Kwang Soo Jang ),박용현 ( Yong Hyun Park ),이지열 ( Ji Youl Lee ),최인영 ( In Young Choi ) 한국병원경영학회 2018 병원경영학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Purposes: 본 연구는 전립선암 환자의 의료비 지출을 평가하기 위해 남성호르몬 박탈 치료와 근치적 전립선적출술의 비용을 비교하였다. Methods: 본 연구는 스마트 전립선암 데이터베이스(Smart Prostate Cancer Database)의 전립선암 환자 357명의 데이터와 청구데이터베이스에서 의료비 관련 데이터를 도출하였다. 근치적 전립선적출술과 남성호르몬 박탈 치료간 비교를 위해 독립표본 t검정을 실시하였다. 또한 남성호르몬 박탈 치료와 근치적 전립선적출술에 영향을 미치는 요인을 검증하기 위해 다중회귀 분석을 실시하였다. Findings: 치료 후 1년까지 남성호르몬 박탈치료가 근치적 전립선적출술 보다 비용이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 치료 후 4년까지 낮게 유지되었다. 그러나 4년이 지나면 남성호르몬 박탈 치료의 누적의료비가 근치적 전립선적출술보다 더 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 환자의 병기가 높거나 나이가 많은 경우 근치적 전립선적출술보다 남성호르몬 박탈 치료를 할 확률이 더 높았다. Practical Implications: 본 연구는 조기 암 발견이 환자 뿐 아니라 국민건강보험공단의 의료비를 줄일 수 있다는 것을 보여 준다. 또한 의료비를 정확히 평가하기 위해서는 오랜 기간의 정보를 평가해야 하며, 이를 기반으로 평가 및 예측이 필요함을 증명하였다. Purpose: To evaluate the medical expenditures for prostate cancer patients, including out-of-pocket costs, and compared the costs between androgen deprivation therapy and radical prostatectomy treatment. Methodology: This study combined clinical data from 357 prostate cancer patients from the Smart Prostate Cancer Database and the medical expenditure data from the claims and cost databases. We used the independent two-sample t-tests to compare androgen deprivation therapy and radical prostatectomy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify determining factors for androgen deprivation therapy and radical prostatectomy treatments. Findings: The medical costs of androgen deprivation therapy treatment were much lower than radical prostatectomy treatment at the one year and remained lower until the fourth-year. However, after four years, the accumulated medical expenditures of androgen deprivation therapy become significantly higher than radical prostatectomy treatment. Patients with a higher cancer stage and older age had higher chances of being treated using androgen deprivation therapy treatment than radical prostatectomy treatment. Practical Implications: Our results show that early detection of cancer reduces the treatment cost for both patients and insurance payers. It also demonstrates that cost comparisons should be conducted over long periods of time in order to most accurately assess the costs.

다기관 한국 전립샘 암 등록(KPCR) 데이터베이스를 이용한 근치적 전립샘 절제술의 수술 결과 비교

유성혜 ( Sung Hye Yu ),최문주 ( Mun Joo Choi ),김청수 ( Choung-soo Kim ),서성일 ( Seong Il Seo ),정창욱 ( Chang Wook Jeong ),변석수 ( Seok-soo Byun ),이지열 ( Ji Youl Lee ),홍준혁 ( Jun Hyuk Hong ),최인영 ( In Young Choi ) 한국보건정보통계학회(구 한국보건통계학회) 2018 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.43 No.3

목적: 전립샘암은 한국 남성에서 발병률이 급격히 증가하는 추세이다. 국소 전립샘암의 표준 치료로 근치적 전립샘 절제술이 시행되고 있으며 수술 기법은 개복, 복강경 그리고 로봇 수술로 나뉜다. 여러가지 수술 기법은 삶의 질, 경제적 측면, 수술 및 예후의 결과에서 차이가 있다. 이에 저자는 다기관 한국 전립샘 암 등록(KPCR) 데이터베이스를 이용하여 국소 전립샘 암 수술을 시행한 환자들의 결과와 예후에 대한 결과를 비교하고자 한다. 방법: KPCR 데이터베이스에는 5개 의료기관에서 수집한 6,032명의 데이터가 수집되어 있고 데이터의 무결성 보장을 위해 데이터 표준화 및 품질 관리를 시행하였다. KPCR 데이터베이스로부터 분석에 필요한 데이터를 추출하였다. 추출된 데이터는 2006년 1월부터 2011 년 12월까지 수집된 3,262명으로 최종 분석을 시행하였다. 이 데이터를 이용하여 수술 기법에 따른 국소 전립샘 암 환자의 인구학적 특성, 수술 결과 및 예후에 대해 분석하였다. 통계 분석방법은 one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, post-hoc 분석을 실시하였다. 무재발 생존율 분석을 위해 Kaplan-Meier와 multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model을 통해 분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 분석 결과, 초기 전립샘 특이 항원치의 평균 값은 10.30 ng/mL이었다. 총 환자의 56.7%는 임상 병기 T2를, 43.3%는 병기 T1을 가지고 있었고 환자의 64.4%는 글리슨 스코어가 7 이상이었다. 절제면 양성률의 결과는 개복수술이 33.6%, 복강경 수술이 27.0%, 로봇수술이 28.8%로 나타났다(p <0.001). 로봇수술은 수술 후 합병증 및 예상 출혈량 결과에서 우수한 결과를 나타냈다. 5년 생화학 무 재발 생존율은 전체 환자에서 77.0%의 결과를 보였고 세 수술 기법은 임상 결과에 있어서 차이가 없었다. 또한 Cox 회귀분석 결과 세 수술기법은 생존율에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구결과는 국소 전립샘 암 환자의 예후와 특성을 설명한다. KPCR 데이터베이스를 통한 본 결과는 환자와 의료진의 올바른 의사 결정에 도움을 줄 것이라는 것을 보여준다. Objectives: Prostate cancer, commonly is rapidly increasing the incidence of prostate cancer among Korean men. Primary treatment of localized prostate cancer involves radical prostatectomy, and surgery techniques are divided into the abdominal, laparoscopic, and robotic surgery. Different surgical techniques differ in quality of life, economic aspect, and outcome of surgery and prognosis. Therefore we compared the outcomes and prognosis of patients who underwent surgery for localized prostate cancer using the multicenter Korean Prostate Cancer Registry (KPCR) database. Methods: The KPCR database collected data of 6,032 patients from five medical institutions, and data standardization and quality management were performed to ensure data integrity. We extracted data necessary for analysis from the KPCR database. We analyzed data for 3,262 patients during the period from January 2006 to December 2011. The demographic characteristics, surgical outcomes, and prognosis of patients with localized prostate cancer were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and post-hoc analysis. We used the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model for biochemical recurrence-free survival rate (BCR-FS) analysis. Results: The analysis results showed that the average initial prostate specific antigen value was 10.30 ng/mL. A total of 56.7% of the patients had clinical stage T2, 43.3% had stage T1, and 64.4% of the patients had a Gleason score of more than 7. The rate of positive surgical margin was radical retropubic prostatectomy, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) as 33.6%, 27% and 28.8%, respectively (p<0.001). The RALP gave excellent results for postoperative complication, and estimated blood loss (EBL). The 5-year overall BCR-FS was 77.0%, and the three surgical techniques did not differ in clinical outcomes. Cox regression analysis showed that the surgical technique did not affect the biochemical recurrence rate. Conclusions: Our study describes the characteristics of patients with localized prostate cancer and their prognosis. These results indicate that patients and medical staff can rely on information from the KPCR database for decision-making.

Capsaicin-Induced Apoptosis in MBT-2 Murine Bladder Tumor Cells and Bladder Wall Penetration Effect of the Nano-Encapsulated Capsaicin in Rabbit

Shin Jay Cho(조신제),Hyong Woo Moon(문형우),Woong Jin Bae(배웅진),Yong-Hyun Park(박용현),U-Syn Ha(하유신),Sung-Hoo Hong(홍성후),Sae Woong Kim(김세웅),Ji Youl Lee(이지열) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2019 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: In this study, we attempted to characterize capsaicin’s effects with regard to the apoptosis of murine bladder cancer cells (MBT-2) as well as the pharmacodynamics of nano-encapsulated capsaicin formulation for intravesical instillation. Materials and Methods: We assessed the viability of the MBT-2 cells via MTT staining, agarose gel electrophoresis, and flow cytometric apoptosis analysis. Intravesical reagents were instilled into 3 groups of male white New Zealand rabbits. Instillation agents were nano-encapsulated capsaicin dissolved in saline, capsaicin dissolved in saline, and capsaicin dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). We also determined the pharmacokinetics of urine, plasma, and bladder tissue after intravesical capsaicin instillation. Results: Capsaicin treatment was determined to reduce cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The capsaicin concentrations in the urine of the rabbits decreased in each of the treatment groups, but we noted a more profound reduction of capsaicin concentration in the nano-encapsulated capsaicin group. Plasma concentrations were definitely lower as compared with the levels measured in the bladder tissue and urine. We noted distinctive differences in patterns of concentration change between the capsaicin with normal saline solution (NSS) or DMSO and the nano-encapsulated capsaicin groups. The concentration of nano-encapsulated capsaicin in the tissue appeared to increase directly with tissue depth. Conclusions: Our results show that capsaicin can induce apoptosis in MBT-2 cells, as well as the excellent permeation properties of nano-encapsulated capsaicin. Treatment with intravesical capsaicin may be a promising alternative therapeutic modality for the treatment of bladder cancer.

임상적으로 무의미한 전립선암의 선별을 위한 자기공명영상 기반의 노모그램 개발

성재우(Jae Woo Sung),신동호(Dongho Shin),박용현(Yong Hyun Park),조혁진(Hyuk Jin Cho),하유신(U-Syn Ha),홍성후(Sung-Hoo Hong),이지열(Ji Youl Lee),김세웅(Sae Woong Kim) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2020 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Purpose: Various predictive tools have been developed to predict insignificant prostate cancer (PCa) for active surveillance, however, these models cannot reflect all the refinements of current medicine. Thus, we aimed to develop a novel model to predict clinically insignificant PCa incorporating these factors. Materials and Methods: We developed a novel nomogram to predict the probability of insignificant PCa (total tumor volume less than 2.5 cm3, index tumor volume less than 1.3 cm3, organ confined disease and no Gleason pattern 4 or 5) using preoperative data of 790 Korean patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. To evaluate the predictive accuracy, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. Next, the predicted probability versus the actual probability was compared. This examination was performed by calibration plotting using 1,000 bootstrap resamples. Results: Of the 790 patients, 668 (84.6%) had clinically significant PCa, and 122 (15.4%) had insignificant PCa. We developed a novel predictive model for clinically insignificant PCa using clinical stage less than T2a, biopsy Gleason sum less than 7, ratio of positive biopsy cores less than 10%, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) visibility, which discriminated patients with clinically insignificant PCa from those with significant PCa with an AUC of 0.9135 (95% confidence interval, 0.9127–0.9143). The calibration plot showed a well-calibrated prediction that had little over- or underestimation. Conclusions: We proposed a novel predictive model for insignificant PCa to more accurately select patients for active surveillance using the results from mpMRI and prebiopsy laboratory marker.