겨울철에 발생한 Holstein 송아지의 Anaplasma marginale 감염

이주묵,권오덕,송희종,박진호,최경성,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Song, Hee-jong,Park, Jin-ho,Choi, Kyoung-seong 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

We observed an outbreak of calf anaplasmosis at a farm in Chonbuk area during winter season, which was diagnosed by the hematological and serological tests. The results are as follow. On hematological observation for infected thirteen calves (ages 1 to 25 days) showed anemia with hematocrit $27.7{\pm}7.7%$, erythrocyte $6.9{\pm}1.9{\times}10^6/{\mu}l$, hemoglobin $11.3{\pm}3.2g/dl$, MCV $40.6{\pm}1.5fl$, MCH $16.3{\pm}1.6pg$ and MCHC $40.5{\pm}3.6g/dl$. Anaplasma marginale was observed in all of the calves's erythrocytes by Diff-Quick and acridine orange staining, and were reacted by ELISA.

호남지역의 양축농가에 있어서 UR에 대처한 가축의 생산성 향상에 관한 연구

이주묵,권오덕,채준석,김명철,김흥섭,이성재,이후식,노수일,김길수,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Chae, Joon-seok,Kim, Myeong-chul,Kim, Heung-seob,Lee, Sung-jae,Lee, Hoo-sik,Roh, Soo-il,Kim, Kil-soo 대한수의학회 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

For the purpose to increase productivities of livestock the present investigations were undertaken in order to clarify the clinical and suclinical status of Korean native cattle, dairy cattle(holstein) and Korean native goat. Blood, feces and urine samples were collected from 247 Korean native cattle(222 adult and 25 calf), 224 dairy cattle(211 adult and 13 calf) and 142 Korean native goat rearing at Chonbuk area and analyzed for clinical, serum chemical, hematological and urinary findings. In addition, we were examined the infection rate of theileriosis, internal parasite and ring worm. The mean value for each component was calculated by statistical analysis using Excel computer program. From these investigations the following results were obtained. The mean values for RBC, PCV and etc in 433 adult cow(Korean native cattle and dairy cattle) were similar with other reports. But the mean values for MCHC of all species were lower than normal. Adult Korean native cattle and adult dairy cattle which showed hematologically normal levels were only 9.01% and 9.48%, respectively. Abnormally high values for PCV, RBC and Hb were recorded in 7.66% of adult Korean native cattle, 20% of korean native calf, 15.38% of dairy calf and 13.36% of Korean native goat. Adult Korean native cattle and adult dairy cattle which showed hematologically anemia were 4.95% and 19.43% respectively, but Korean native calf and dairy calf showed normal. Adult Korean native cattle, adult dairy cattle, Korean native calf and dairy calf which showed normal serum protein level 84.0%, 90.8%, 50% and 44.4%, respectively. In present investigations, 50% of Korean native calf and 55.6% of dairy calf were decreased serum protein values under range. These abnormally decreased serum protein values mean the shortage of antibody, and these have a possibility to occurs to pneumonia and diarrhea. From these results, the economical loss caused by pneumonia was calculated as 124,038,833 won in the KNC and 742,703,430 won in the dairy calf rearing in Chonbuk area. Calculated economical loss caused by enteritis was 56,658,690 won in Korean native cattle, 476,775,799 won in dairy calf, and the total loss amount of 533,434,488 won in Chonbuk area. Abnormally high values$(21.7{\pm}4.0mg/dl)$ for serum calcium were recorded 49.6% in dairy cattle. The mean values for serum total cholesterol were $170.8{\pm}99.8mg/dl$ in Korean native cattle, $196.0{\pm}40.6mg/dl$ in Korean native calf, $202.9{\pm}86.0mg/dl$ in adult dairy cattle and $289.4{\pm}97.5mg/dl$ in dairy calf. The infection rate of internal parsite were as follows; adult Korean native cattle: 21.2%, Korean native calf: 8.0%, adult dairy cattle: 67.8% and Korean native goat: 81.5%. The estimated economical loss caused by internal parasites infection were 1,120,855,837 won in Korean native calf, 4,994,959,405 won in adult Korean native cattle, 3,334,751,066 won in adult holstein, and the total loss amount to 9,450,566,308 won. The infection rate of theileriosis were 1.4% in Korean native cattle and 6.6% in dairy cattle. The presumed economical loss by T. sergenti infection were 154,408,482 won in Korean native cattle and 171,577,237 won in dairy cattle rearing at Chonbuk area. The infection rate of ringworm were 0.5% in Korean native cattle, 0.9% adult dairy cattle and 7.7% in dairy calf. The presumed economical loss by dermatomycophyte were 12,061,532 won in Korean native cattle, 16,895,403 won in dairy cattle, and the total estimated loss amount to 28,955,935 won a year in Chonbuk area.

한우(韓牛) 송아지의 혈청단백분획(血淸蛋白分劃)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

김홍섭,이주묵,권오덕,박진호,박상열,이승옥,Kim, Heung-seop,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Park, Jin-ho,Park, Sang-youel,Lee, Sung-ok 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

120 heads of korean native calves were examined of serum protein by using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. During 20 days since the calves were purchased, serum protein, fibrinogen values and plasma : fibrinogen ratio were examined in the calves with respiratory and diarrheal disease. The result obtained in this investigation were as follows : 1. Among the 120 heads of calves that were purchased from market, 14 heads(22%) of calves were occurred respiratory disease, and 12 heads(20%) of calves are occurred diarrhea. Occurrence of respiratory disease was 14.5(4~20) days in average and diarrhea was 9.6(2-15) days after they had been purchased. 2. Serum protein fraction were analyzed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. ${\beta}-globulin$, A/G ratio and ${\beta}_2-globulin$ values were decreased in the calves with respiratory disease. Especially, ${\beta}_2-globulin$ were significantly decreased. In calves with diarrhea, there was no change in ${\beta}-globulin$ values. ${\beta}_2-globulin$ values were higher than that of the normal and respiratory diseased calves. 3. ${\alpha}-globulin$ values were increased in both of calves with diarrhea and respiratory disease. This tendency was due to increase ${\alpha}_2-globulin$ values. 4. The $\gamma$-globulin value of calves with diarrhea was the lowest among the 3 groups. 5. The total protein values of normal calves were $7.0{\pm}1.1g/dl$ and that of respiratory and diarrheal diseased calves were $6.9{\pm}0.9g/dl$ and $6.6{\pm}0.8g/dl$, respectively. Total protein value of calves with diarrhea was lower than that of normal and respiratory diseased calves. Globulin value of calves with diarrhea was the lowest among them. The low value of total protein in diarrheal diseased calves was due to decrease globulin values. 6. The fibrinogen values of calves with respiratory disease ($643{\pm}189mg/dl$) were significantly higher than that of normal calves($533{\pm}135mg/dl$) and calves with diarrhea($572{\pm}188mg/dl$). The plasma : fib. ratio of respiratory diseased calves was $12.0{\pm}4.9$, normal calves was $13.8{\pm}3.5$ and diarrheal diseased calves was $12.8{\pm}4.6$. The ratio of the calves with respiratory disease was significantly decreased.

Rat에 있어서 실험적 납중독이 체조직내 납 및 무기질함량에 미치는 영향

권오덕,이주묵,이승옥,박진호,이현범,장종식,채준석,Kwon, Oh-deog,Lee, Joo-mook,Lee, Seung-ok,Park, Jin-ho,Lee, Hyun-beom,Jang, Jong-sik,Chae, Joon-seok 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of lead poisoning on the lead and essential trace elements homeostasis of tissues in rats. Fifty female Wistar rats, 7 weeks old, were divided into four experimental groups(B, C, D, and E) and a control(A). The four experimental groups received diets contaminated artificially with 10 (B group), 100 (C group), 1,000 (D group) and 5,000 (E group) ${\mu}g/g$ of lead as lead acetate, respectively. The control group received normal diet. Rats were necropsied on the 4th or 8th week of experimental periods and heart, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, lung and hair were taken. The tissues were analysed for lead, copper, zinc, iron and calcium content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From these experiments following results ware obtained ; In C group, lead content of the heart, liver, kidney and hair were significantly increased both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. In D and E group, lead content of all tissues including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, hair and lung were significantly increased in accordance with the lead contamination both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. In C group, copper content of tissues were significantly increased in the heart, liver, kidney and lung on the 4th week and all tissues on the 8th week of experimental periods. In D and E group, copper content of the liver were significantly increased both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. But the copper content of tissues were gradually decreased compared with C group in accordance with the lead contamination. Especially the content in spleen, heart or kidney were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The zinc content of kidney, heart, or spleen were decreased in D and E groups whereas the iron and calcium content showed no significant change.

Babesia gibsoni 항원접종과 Theileria sergenti를 비특이 항원으로 접종한 개의 면역효과에 관한 연구

윤창모,이주묵,채준석,권오덕,Yoon, Chang-mo,Lee, Joo-mook,Chae, Joon-seok,Kwon, Oh-deog 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

To examine the effects of vaccination against Babesia gibsoni(B gibsoni) infection in dogs, 15 normal mixed-breed dogs(5 months to 1 year old) were divided into 3 groups with 5 dogs in each group. One of them was selected as control group(group A) and other were selected as experimental groups(group B and C). The group B was vaccinated with antigen which were mixed 0.2% of formalin treated B gibsoni and sonicated one. The group C was inoculated Theileria sergenti as a non-specific antigen. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follows; 1. After first vaccination, antibody titers of group B and C were increased 5 times(1:200) than those of control group(1 : 40). The antibody titers of group C were increased more than that of group B after second vaccination. When challenged with the living protozoa(Babesia gibsoni), the antibody titers of C group were elevated higher than that of B group and maintained steadly. Those were not exceeded over 1 : 5,000 for 4 weeks in all 3 groups. 2. After challenge, the peak time of the parasitemia appeared nearly on the 15th day(12~18 days) in all groups. During this period, the rate of parasitized erythrocytes in control group was $55.0{\pm}5.4$‰. But that of group B and C were $41.3{\pm}38.8$‰ and $15.2{\pm}16.3$‰, respectively. 3. After challenge with B gibsoni, all of the values of PCV, Hb, RBC and total leukocytes counts were decreased in both of the experimental and the control. 4. In all groups, there were increased lymphocytes and monocytes after challenge with the protozoa.

Sourthern hybridization과 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 한국과 일본의 Theileria sergenti 비교

채준석,이주묵,권오덕,이승옥,채건상,Chae, Joon-seok,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Lee, Seung-ok,Chae, Keon-sang,Onuma, Misao 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.1

The T sergenti DNA fragments used as probes of KTS1(2.4kb) and KTS3(1.5kb) were labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP for the Southern hybridization. T sergenti DNAs from different geographic locations(Korea; Chonbuk, Kyungbuk, Chungnam, Kangwon, Cheju island, Japan; Shintoku, Shintoku 9209, Shintoku 9201, Shintoku 9202, Shintoku 9102) which had been digested with Pst I and EcoR I were probed by the digoxigenin-11-dUTP-labeled KTS1 and KTS3. As the results, the samples from Chonbuk, Kyungbuk, Cheju island in Korea and Shintoku, Shintoku 9209, Shintoku 9201, Shintoku 9102 in Japan were positively reacted, but the others from the other locations not reacted. In the comformation test of T sergenti DNA from different geographic locations, all of the samples were positively detected by PCR amplification.

중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 한우에 감염된 Theileria sergenti의 신속한 검출

채준석,이주묵,권오덕,박진호,채건상,Chae, Joon-seok,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Park, Jin-ho,Chae, Keon-sang 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.1

To make the genomic DNA probe of Theileria sergenti, the merozoites were purified from erythrocytes of Korean cattle, The previous studies on the probe of T sergenti had resulted in two probes as KTS1 and KTS3 DNA fragment. Nucleotide sequence of both ends of the KTS1 and KST3 were determined in order to design primers for polymerase chain reaction. A pair of an uper primer(5'-CCTCTTGAAGTCATCCATGT-3'; nucleotide position 48) and a lower primer(5'-CACTGAGCTG GAAAGAGCTA-3'; nucleotide position 156) in pKTS1 were synthesized. The anticipated PCR product was 128bp in length. To examine the sensitivity of the PCR, KTS1 DNA and purified T sergenti DNA were serially diluted by tenfolds with distilled water. The primers were sensitive enough to detect 4ag of the authentic template DNA and 4fg of the purified T sergenti DNA by PCR. Furthermore, when the blood was serially diluted by two-folds with 0.9% saline, the pair could detect up to 0.00029%(about 164 parasites in $10{\mu}l$ of blood) of T sergenti infection in bovine erythrocytes by PCR. In a comparison of microscopic and PCR detection of T sergenti in the same samples from Chonbuk area, 47 and 51 out of 70 sample(67.1%) were positive by the former and by the latter method, respectively.

한우에 감염된 Theileria sergenti merozoite의 순수분리와 genomic DNA probe에 관한 연구

채준석,이주묵,권오덕,채건상,Chae, Joon-seok,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Chae, Keon-sang 대한수의학회 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

To make the genomic DNA probe of Theileria sergenti, the merozoites were purified from bovine erythrocytes. The infected erythrocytes were lysed by Aeromonas hydrophila(Ah-1) hemolysin, and the parasites were isolated by ultracentrifugation on a Percoll discontinuous density gradient. For construction of a T sergenti genomic DNA library, T sergenti DNA was digested with Pstl and the fragments were ligated into the PstI site of pUC19 before transformation of Escherichia coli JM83. Out of thousands of transformants obtained by transformation of E coli JM83 with the genomic library, three plasmids were chosen. The sizes of the inserted DNAs were 2.9kb(2.4kb and 0.5kb) in pKTS1, 4.3kb in pKTS2 and 1.5kb in pKTS3, respectively. The DNA fragments used as probe KTS1(2.4kb), KTS2(4.3kb) and KTS3(1.5kb) were labeled digoxigenin-11-dUTP for the Southern hybridization. In Southern hybridization, all of the probes(KTS1, KTS2 and KTS3) reacted specifically to T sergenti DNA, but not to bovine leucocyte DNA. In order to find out the sensitivities of the digoxigenin-11-dUTP-labeled KTS1 and KTS3 as the probes, purified merozoite DNA and bovine DNA (control) were checked by dot blot hybridization with the probes. Both of the probes, KTS1 and KTS3, detected as minimum amount of 975pg of the T sergenti DNA, but not bovine DNA even to 500ng.

Theileria sergenti DAN probe를 만들기 위한 기초 연구

김명철,이주묵,권오덕,채준석,김흥섭,Kim, Myeong-chul,Lee, Joo-mook,Kwon, Oh-deog,Chae, Joon-seok,Kim, Heung-seob 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

This study was attempted co develope a method for detection of Theileria sergenti infection on the basis of hybridization of parasite DNA with a probe. For construction of a T sergenti genomic library, T sergenti DNA was digested completely with Bam-HI and the fragments were ligated into the Bam-HI site of pUC-19 before transformation of Escherichia colistrain JM83. To detect clones containing the parasite's DNA sequences, a genomic DNA library of T sergenti constructed in pUC-19 was screened by cracking and Southern hybridization. Seven colonies were chosen from 29 colonies which were screened by transformation of Escherichia coli strain JM83. Seven transformants were comfirmed from seven colonies by cracking. The sizes of transformants were about 5Kb, 5.7Kb, 4.3Kb, 7.75Kb, 7.85Kb, 5.8Kb, 3.8Kb, respectively. DNA inserts, T sergenti DNA, and bovine DNA were hybridized with radio-labelled T sergenti DNA. Two($pT_1$, $pT_1$) of the seven inserts and T sergenti DNA reacted strongly but another 5 inserts and bovine DNA showed weak reation. All of the DNA inserts were not reaction, but T sergenti DNA were very weakly and bovine DNA were strongly reacted to hybridization with radio-labelled bovine DNA. Therefore, we obtained total 7 T sergenti DNA fragments in this study.

Haemaphysalis longicornis 진드기의 사육방법에 관한 연구

차현성,이주묵,권오덕,채준석,Cha Hyeon-seong,Lee Joo-Mook,Kwon Oh-deog,Chae Joon-seok 한국임상수의학회 1993 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

This study was attempted to develop a rearing method of the tick(Haemaphysalis longicornis) at the laboratory in winter. The rearing conditions for ticks in winter were summarized as follows; Even in the winter, under controlled Incubator on 25~3$0^{\circ}C$ and 90~95%, temperature and humidity, respectively, it is possible to rear the ticks normally as on summer. in the usual laboratory room temperature and humidity, 20~$25^{\circ}C$ and 51 ~77%. In the ticks collected in summer, the life span of the ticks, from hatching to death, was 91~129(112.8$\pm$15.2) days in the lagoratory, and the number of the oviposited eggs from a tick were about 1,680~2,460 and the hatching rate of the oviposited eggs was about 95(92~98)%. The life span of the ticks which were reared in the laboratory in winter was 89-138(112.2$\pm$21.1) days, and the number of the oviposited eggs from the tick were about 1,382~2,674 and the hatching rate of them was about 89.5(87~92)%. In the rearing of the tick at the laboratory, the dogs, rabbits and mice were able to use the hosts for the tick. The proper temperature to feed the ticks on the cattle in the cold season was obtained by $Hokalong^{\circledR}$ which were attached on the out side of sac which covered bovine ear where attached ticks.