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인공수정시술주기에서 내인성 LH, GnRH Agonist 및 hCG를 이용한 배란유발후 임신율의 비교연구
이종인,허영문,전은숙,윤정임,정구성,홍기언,유승환,이현숙,홍정의,이지삼,Lee, Jong-In,Hur, Young-Mun,Jeon, Eun-Suk,Yoon, Jeong-Im,Jung, Goo-Sung,Hong, Ki-Eon,You, Seung-Hwan,Lee, Hyeon-Sook,Hong, Jeong-Eui,Lee, Ji-Sam 대한생식의학회 1999 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.26 No.3
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of endogenous LH surge, GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as ovulation trigger on pregnancy rate by intrauterine insemination (IUI). Method: Patients received daily 100 mg of clomiphene citrate (CC) for 5 days starting on the third day of the menstrual cycle followed by human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) for ovulation induction. Follicles larger than >16 mm in diameter were present in the ovary, frequent LH tests in urine were introduced to detect an endogenous LH surge. Final follicular maturation and ovulation were induced by GnRH-a 0.1 mg (s.c.) or hCG $5,000{\sim}10,000$ IU (i.m.) administration except natural ovulation. Pregnancy was classified as clinical if a gestational sac or fetal cardiac activity was seen on ultrasound. Results: There were no differences in age, duration of infertility and follicle size, but more ampules of hMG were used in GnRH-a group compared to hCG 10,000 IU treated group (p<0.05). Lower level of estradiol ($E_2$) on the day of hCG or GnRH-a injection was observed in hCG 10,000 IU group than other treatment groups (p<0.01). The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 19.8% per cycle (32/162) and 22.2% per patient (32/144). Pregnancy rate was higher in natural-endogenous LH surge group (37.5%, 9/24) than GnRH-a (18.8%) or hCG treated group (20.9% & 13.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant. No patient developed ovarian hyperstimulation. Abortion rate was 22.2% (2/9) in hCG 5,000 IU group. Delivery or ongoing pregnancy rate was 37.5% (9/24), 18.8% (3/16), 16.3% (7/43) and 13.9% (11/79) in endogenous LH surge, GnRH-a, hCG 5,000 IU and hCG 10,000 IU treatment groups, respectively. Conclusion: These results support the concept that use of natural-endogenous LH surge in stimulated cycles may be more effective to obtain pregnancies by IUI than GnRH-a or hCG administration.
이종의 ( Jong Eui Lee ) 한국지역개발학회 2011 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.5
The purpose of this study was to analyze the Risk and Cointegration of Housing Reverse Mortgage using VECM. The VECM included such variables as housing pension user, CD interest rate, call interest rate, risk premium, inflation rate using monthly data from July 2007 to June 2011. The major findings are as follows: 1) If the bank supply Housing Reverse Mortgage with CD loans such as short term to offer long term loan such as housing reverse mortgage, it will be faced increasing risks and Housing pension of profit margin was significantly lower than other mortgage loans. 2) Results of Cointegration of Housing Reverse Mortgage showed that there existed a long-run equilibrium. The long-run relation of CD interest rate for key variables influence showed that call interest rate and risk premium were positive impact on CD rate, but inflation rate and user were negatively effect. 3) The results of Impulse response function and error variance decomposition by VECM were found that the relation of CD and call were interact with each other sent and received. in addition, proved a significant relations each other of risk premium and CD rate. We had an opportunity to demonstrate that there existed risks of bank and HP users. If CD interest rate fluctuated, call interest rate would be one of the policy options and it is necessary for stable operation of Housing Reverse Mortgage to require additional policy considerations.
이종의(Jong-Eui Lee) 한국주택학회 2010 주택연구 Vol.18 No.1
최근 인구의 고령화로 인하여 연금재정이 악화되고 이로 인하여 연금개혁이 OECD 국가들의 가장 관심이 높은 정책적 의제가 되고 있다. 연금개혁의 새로운 패러다임은 공적연금의 부족한 부분을 개인연금이나 저축, 그 밖에 주택자산을 활용하려는 노력, 즉사적충당 부문의 도입이다. 연금제도의 변화로 부족하게 될 은퇴소득을 공무원들은 어떻게 노후를 대비할 것인가에 대하여 2007년 7월에 국내에 도입된 주택연금에 대한 이용 의향과 어떤 상품을 선택할 것인가를 분석 하였다. 이 연구를 위하여 수도권 지역에 근무하고 있는 주택을 소유한 40세~60세까지의 공무원을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 주택연금에 대한 이용특성에 대하여 한계효율이 높은 변수로는 제도변경, 주택가격, 자산보유-부동산으로 나타나 연금제도가 바뀔 것으로 예측할 경우, 가격이 높은 주택을 보유할 경우, 부동산 보유가 많은 경우가 주택연금을 이용하려는 의향이 높게 나왔다. 둘째, 주택연금 유형에 대하여는 제도변경, 노후상태, 주택형태, 주택가격 등이 한계효율이 높게 나온다. 즉, 연금제도가 바뀔 수 있다고 생각하고, 노후상태가 불충분하고, 주택이 아파트이고, 주택가격이 높을 경우에는 종신혼합형을 선택할 확률이 높게 나왔다. 이러한 결과는 공무원들이 주택자산을 활용할 경우에는 기존에 지급받는 연금과 새로 지급받게 될 주택연금을 포함할 경우에는 부족한 은퇴 소득을 보완할 수 있는 중요한 수단이 될 것임을 확인하였다 Public pension programs in Korea, like most advanced OECD countries, have been under severe pressure. Pension deficit has been rising constantly due to the faster growing aging population, The purpose of this study is to analyze the willingness of civil servants to opt for the reverse mortgage in Korea. The main findings are as follows: 1) The high odds ratio variables of willingness to consider are Reform Scheme(4.647), Housing Price(4.135), and Housing Wealth Holding (2.204). This means that people who expect pension scheme change, whose housing price is high, and who are rich with real estate are more likely to opt for a reverse mortgage than other groups; 2) The determinants of the high odds ratio variables are Reform Scheme (7.685), State of Old Age(5.801), Housing Form(4.401). This indicates that people who expect scheme reform, who are not well prepared for the future, and who reside in the apartment are more likely to choose a mixed tenure than a tenure reverse mortgage. These results of home equity conversion will affect the aggregate stock of retirement wealth and filling the gap.
복합 개질제가 도입된 폴리프로필렌의 내충격성과 내마모성 및 결정화 거동에 관한 연구
이종인(Jong In Lee),배진우(Jin Woo Bae),김신라(Sin La Kim),홍준의(Jun Eui Hong),남병욱(Byeong Uk Nam) 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.5
환경 규제의 강화로 인하여 이산화탄소의 배출을 줄이기 위해 자동차 산업에서는 경량소재에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 경량화 소재들 중, 폴리프로필렌(PP)은 저렴한 생산 비용과 우수한 가공성으로 인해 자동차 산업에서 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 PP는 다양한 자동차 부품 소재로 사용하기에는 낮은 내충격성과 내마모성을 보인다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 PP의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 선형의 PP를 이축 압출기를 통해 개시제 및 trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate(TMPTMA)와 divinylbenzene(DVB)의 개질제들을 복합적으로 도입하여 분지화 및 가교 구조의 PP를 제작하였다. 개질된 PP는 선형의 PP와 비교하여 성형성은 비슷하게 유지하면서도 내충격성과 내마모성이 개선되었다. 이렇게 향상된 특성들은 분지화 및 가교로 인한 PP의 결정화 거동에 영향을 받은 것으로 판단된다. As environmental regulations become strict, automobile industry has focused on the light material to reduce carbon dioxide emission. Among these light materials, polypropylene (PP) has received considerable attention in the automobile industry because of low cost and good processability. However, the PP has low impact resistance and wear resistance to be used in various automotive parts. To improve the impact resistance and wear resistance, in this study, linear PP was branched and/or crosslinked by the initiator with the crosslinkers of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) and divinylbenzene (DVB) through the twin screw extruder. The modified PP improved the impact resistance and wear resistance than those of linear PP while keeping process flowability. It is considered that the crystallization kinetics of branched and/or crosslinked PP have an influence on the improved properties.
南韓地域 漢藥資源植物의 蒐集分類와 利用體系에 關한 硏究, II. 南韓地域 漢藥資源植物의 蒐集分類
이종일,이상래,박병서,김영기,조영숙,박정로,전순실,윤경원,윤의수,조덕봉,Lee, Jong-Ill,Lee, Sang-Rae,Park, Bueng-Sue,Kim, Young-Kee,Cho, Yueng-Suk,Park, Jueng-Ro,Jun, Sun-Sil,Yun, Kyeong-Won,Yoon, Eui-Soo,Jo, Deog-Bong 한국자원식물학회 1993 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.6 No.2
Plant in chollabuk-do have investded 105 family, 442 species. 2. The order of distribution of the most family was the Compositae 43, Leguminosae Gramineae each 28, Rosaceae 17, Liliaceas 22, Labiatae 17, Ranunculaceae 12, Betulaceae 11, Violaceae 10, Polygonaceae Aspidiaceae each 9, Cruciferae${\cdot}$Caryothyllaceae${\cdot}$Celastraceae each 8, Fagaceae, Rubiaceae each 6, Ulmaceae 5. 3. Medical plants have invested 56 family, 116 species. 4. The order of the most family was the Compositae 8, Liliaceae Rosaceae${\cdot}$Umbelliferae${\cdot}$Labiatae each 6, Leguminosae${\cdot}$Rutaceae each 5, Campanulaceae${\cdot}$Ranunculaceae each 3, Simaroubaceae${\cdot}$Euphorbiaceae${\cdot}$Araliaceae each 2, Scrophulariaceae${\cdot}$Plantaginaceae each 1.