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이재곤,Joo Hyun Sohn,Jae Yoon Jeong,Tae Yeob Kim,Sun Min Kim,Young Seo Cho,Yongsoo Kim 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.1
Background/Aims: Both hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and liver stiffness (LS) are useful tools for predicting mortality in patients with cirrhosis. We investigated the combined effect of HVPG and LS on long-term mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 103 patients with cirrhosis, whose HVPG and LS were measured between November 2009 and September 2013. The patients were divided into four groups according to the results of the HVPG and LS measurements. Long-term mortality and the risk factors for mortality were analyzed. Results: Of the 103 patients, 35 were in group 1 (low HVPG and low LS), 16 in group 2 (high HVPG and low LS), 24 in group 3 (low HVPG and high LS), and 28 in group 4 (high HVPG and high LS). Over a median follow-up of 47.3 months, 18 patients died. The mortality rate of patients in group 4 was significantly higher than in the other three groups (vs. group 1, p = 0.005; vs. group 2, p = 0.049; vs. group 3, p = 0.004), but there were no significant differences in survival between groups 1, 2, and 3. In multivariable analyses, both HVPG and LS were identified as independent risk factors for mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.127, p = 0.018; and HR, 1.062, p = 0.009, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with cirrhosis, those with concurrent elevation of HVPG and LS had the highest long-term mortality rates. However, when either HVPG or LS alone was elevated, mortality did not increase significantly.
이재곤,장희진,곽재진,이동욱 한국식품영양학회 2000 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.13 No.1
식물체의 향기성분을 분리하는데 주로 사용되는 headspace법, SPME법 및 SDE법으로 생생강(Zin-giber officinale R.)으로부터 총 61종의 휘발성 성분을 확인하였다. 확인된 성분은 alcohol류가 19종, carbonyl 화합물이 15종, terpene관련 화합물이 23종, ester 화합물이 4종으로 나타났다. Headspace법에서는 SDE법에서 분리하기 어려운 휘발성이 강한 acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, 2,3-butandione 등과 같은 저비점 휘발성 성분들이 확인되었고, SPME법에서는 총 31종의 휘발성 성분이 확인되었다. SDE법에서는 총47개의 성분을 확인하였으며 headspace법과 SPME법에서 확인되지 않은 고비점 성분들인 elemol, zingiberenol, β-eudesmol, β-sesquiphellandrol등과 같은 sesquiterpenoids 성분들이 확인되었다. Peak의 면적비(%)에 의한 방법간의 양적인 면을 비교하여 보면 생강의 주성분인 zingiberene의함량은 SPME법에서 41.5%로 가장 많았으며, headspace법 9.4%, SDE법 8.3%로 나타났다. 생강 냄새에 가장 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 neral과 geranial의 피크면적(%)은 SDE법에서 7.7∼10.7%로 가장 많았으며, headspace법 0.3∼1.8%, SPME법 0.9∼2.0%로 나타났다. 3가지 추출방법으로부터 확인된 성분과 그들의 조성은 차이가 있는데 이는 전처리시 추출조건 및 흡착물질이 다르기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 천연물로부터 휘발성 성분을 확인하고자 할 때 essentialoil 중에 함유된 휘발성분 분석에는 SDE법이 좋을 것으로 판단되며, 저비점 휘발성분 분석에는 headspace법이 양호한 것으로 판단된다. The volatile components of Korean ginger were compared by using different isolation methods, head-space sampling procedure(HSSP), simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE) and solid phase micro-extraction(SPME). Sixty-one components were identified by GC-MSD in the extracts obtained from each extraction methods. However, the components identified showed a difference in their composition with the extraction methods. In the extract by HSSP, fifty-five components including a high volatile compound such as acetaldehyde, ethylacetate, 2,3-butandione were detected, and thirty-one components were identified in the extract by SPME. While, the low volatile components such as elemol, zingiberenoland β-eudesmol were detected only in the extract by SDE method. The results suggest that SDE method is the best for the analysis of low volatile components, whereas HSSP is a proper method for the anamlysis of high volatile components from natural resources.
조직동일시를 위한 기업이벤트 기획에 관한 연구 : 사내 PR 이벤트(체육대회)를 중심으로
이재곤 관광경영학회 1999 관광경영연구 Vol.6 No.-
The PR Event of internal firm serves as the buffer for an manifold activity of business enterprises not as the direct activity of sales promotion. So the PR event of the internal firm provides an employee that the loyalty through a feeling of identity about the business enterprises or brand and the motive as the culture fluency of regional community. As the direct effects which can give a strong impact to employee who has a manifold sense of value, it could possible to play an important role as the factor of chance. So the event as the 3rd medium permit to hold a time and space in common. This PR event create an encouragement, a feeling of the identity and loyalty for the labor of an official and it will be embossed as the practical event of the management for the business enterprises value and it establish a role of business enterprises as the regional community and it provide a momentum for the important changing in order to plan for the future. So make a consensus and to sublime as the successful business management, it's needed to establish the event plan. That is to say, PR event plan for the employee's morale and the value of business enterprises is as the follows; 1. Formation of the organi2ation and creation of the budget as the preparing step. 2. Formation of the goal and conception of the unfolding plan through the drafting of the plan. 3. Plan of the propaganda activity for the mobilization of PR. 4. Establishment of the ground, the rally, the negotiation by the production. 5. The progress, the management, the accident provision by the operation. And lastly, in order to be feedback, need to analyze an exact expenditure and convenience.
이재곤,이정민 관광경영학회 2013 관광경영연구 Vol.54 No.-
Ecotourism that provide opportunities for direct contact with the nature are well suited to deliver a strong and positive educational message to their visitors, and considered as an ideal method of enhancing visitor's environmental learning. So this study explored the definition of environmental learning and analyzed environmental learning impact of ecotourism satisfaction. And investigated visitors' entering attributes (environmental awareness, motivation of tourists), tested those effect on ecotourism satisfaction. The analysis results were as follow: First, environmental pollution factor of tourist's environmental awareness has positive and nature conservation factor has negative influence on ecotourism satisfaction. Second, socializing, learn/enjoy factor of motivation have an effect on ecotourism satisfaction, and rest/escape, self-fulfillment factor have no effect. Third, ecotourism satisfaction has significant effect on tourist's environmental learning.
이재곤 한국전자파학회 2020 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.31 No.8
In this paper, we describe the operation principle of a reconfigurable transmitarray antenna(TA) using a transmissive metasurface (MS) and introduce state-of-the-art technology trends. The TA comprises a source antenna; further, the design of a planar MS allows for the control of the wave front from the feed source when the MS exhibits a good transmittance and a full transmission phase variation of 360°. When the MS varies the phase of the transmitted wave passing through the MS such that it is in-phase at the normal plane of the desired direction, a highly directive beam can be obtained in this direction. Two types of methods can be employed to achieve beam steering in the desired direction. One is to control the shape of the transmission phase using an active MS with a changeable transmission phase variation. The other is to control the shape of the transmission phase by varying the wave front of the feed source. The reconfigurable TA has been intensively researched to achieve high efficiency, low-profile, and low-cost performance; further, the implementation and characteristics of various reconfigurable high-gain TAs are analyzed in this study. 본 논문에서는 메타표면을 이용한 빔포밍/빔조향 고이득 투과 안테나의 동작 원리를 소개하고, 최신 연구동향에 대해서 알아본다. 소스 안테나와 평면 형태의 메타표면으로 구성된 투과 안테나는 높은 투과도와 360도 이상의 투과 위상변화 특성을 가지는 메타표면에 의해서 소스 안테나의 파면을 제어하는 동작원리를 가진다. 메타표면을 투과한 파면을원하는 빔조향 각도의 수직방향에 동위상으로 제어하면 특정 각도로 방사하는 고이득의 안테나를 설계할 수 있다. 원하는 특정 각도로 빔을 조향하기 위해서는 크게 두 가지의 방법으로 나눌 수 있는데, 투과 위상변화가 가변적인 메타표면을 적용하거나 소스 안테나의 파면을 형상을 변화시키는 방법이 있다. 이러한 타입의 빔포밍/빔조향 고이득 안테나는고효율, low-profile, 저비용 관점에서 주로 연구되어지고 있고, 본 논문에서는 다양한 빔조향 고이득 투과 안테나의 구조와 특징을 분석하였다.