WTO 전자상거래의 논의동향과 대응방안

이신규,Lee, Shin-Kyuo 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 2002 情報學硏究 Vol.5 No.3

This paper is to analyzes the recent discussions in the WTO and to draw some basic policy implications for Korea concerning electronic commerce. To foster electronic transactions. the WTO agreement should establish a basic legal framework for international transactions to guarantee a stable and predictable environment. The member countries in the WTO, however, have not formed a consensus on the definition, classification, technological neutrality, and domestic regulations dealing with electronic commerce. Digital transfer and classifications of electronic transfer are the most difficult problems to be solved. The discussions on electronic commerce which had been on hold after the Seattle Ministerial is due to begin in a special working group of specialists. Electronic transactions in Korea have been increased rapidly and the implementation of concrete forms and rules of electronic commerce in the WTO will be influential to international trade as we to adopt them in the transactions. Therefore, we have to open our eyes to the trends of international discussions on this matter and to make our rules and laws of electronic commerce to the international levels.

e-Business활성화를 위한 e-SCM의 전략적 구축

이신규,Lee, Shin-Kyuo 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 2006 情報學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

e-Marketplace is a business concept which is importantly considered in the area of marketing. e-Marketplace provides the public field in which multi-purchasers can efficiently trade with multi-suppliers. Supply Chain Management(SCM) is being widely acknowledged by the development of information technology. SCM is well known as one of the key issues lately. The complexity of supply chains and the associated potential opportunities for gaining a competitive edge by designing a product and process to support supply chain management can be significant. In order to achieve successful implementation of supply chain management system, companies should understand some barriers in implementation and set up effective and integrated information system. Standardization of logistics is needed through the unification of EDI, Bar Code, Pallet and so on. It's effect is magnified on Efficient Consumer Response such as efficient store assortment, efficient replenishment, efficient promotion and efficient product introduction. International logistics management is the integration of key business processes from original suppliers to end user that provides products, services and information that add value for customers. e-Logistics is being used in managing the international logistics. In this study, three basic e-SCM models for the strategic implementation of supply chain management are suggested. Among them, the virtual company can be the best one we can develop in order to cope with the individualized customer needs.

정보화시대의 e-물류 효율화방안

이신규,Lee, Shin-Kyuo 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 2004 情報學硏究 Vol.7 No.1

This study is to understand basic knowledge on e-logistics through the analysis of third party logistics(3PL) as well as fourth party logistics(4PL) and to suggest some activation plans of e-logistics of information era to get competition in the field of international logistics. Compared with advanced countries, Korean companies has not activated 3PL logistics as Korean companies are not inclined to open their business information to others and they didn't recognize the importance of logistics. As the business environments are worsening little by little, there has been greater concerns for e-logistics as a way of focusing on the core-business. Most of Korean companies has outsourced simple and limited scope of 3PL and 4PL services with 1st level of logistics outsourcing. To activate e-logistics, Korean government and private enterprises have to pursue the following strategies. First, Korean government should change the present laws preventing the enterprises specialized in 3PL from doing business and should pursue logistics information and standardization. Also the government needs to support 3PL companies. Second, private companies do their best to retain and develope factors of logistics resources professional and to develope the latest technology. 3PL providers have pursue effective logistics strategies and to invest capitals for the information technology.

전자상거래시대의 제3자 물류 활성화 방안

이신규,Lee, Shin-Kyuo 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 2004 情報學硏究 Vol.7 No.3

The third party logistics(3PL) is generally understood as the logistics activities providing a comprehensive logistics services, all or partly outsourced by the customers on a larger term contract basis, ranging from making logistics strategies to implementing information technology services. A lot of companies in advanced countries such as the U.S.A. or some of the European countries have actively outsourced to logistics service providers in efforts to increase the efficiencies in logistics operation rather than doing themselves. In light of these environments, outsourcing to third parties has become a strategic issue demanding greater attention in corporate boardrooms. First, after deciding their logistics outsourcing, the companies have to set up their aims of 3PL through the development of logistical strategies. Second, the companies must decide service provider that fits to their business environment and conditions. As it is reported that 3PL services will bring a high rate of return and its potential will be more signigicant, providers and users of 3PL services and government ministry should prepare the way of improvement of logistics institution and plan to activate 3PL services to reach the advanced foreign countries level.

WTO 통일원산지협상의 논의동향과 전망

이신규(Lee Shin-Kyuo) 한국관세학회 2006 관세학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Rules of origin are a complex set of dynamic and interrelated criteria and principles according to which a country of origin is assigned to a traded product. According to Article 9.2(a) in the Agreement on Rules of Origin of the WTO, the Harmonization Negotiations is to be completed within three years of initiation. However, The deadline for negotiations have been postponed eight times as the positions of the countries concerned are different. The status of the Harmonization Negotiations include Architecture and General Rules, Definitions of goods that are wholly obtained in one country and product-specific rules for particular products sectors such as agriculture, mineral products, chemicals, leather, wood and paper, textiles, footwear, ceramics, precious stones, steel, metal, machinery, electronics, transportation equipment, scientific equipment, clocks and watches, musical instruments, etc. Of course the result can not be estimated by now, but if some developed countries, especially U.S.A agrees to finalize the negotiations, the outcome will be a single set of rules of origin to be applied under non-preferential trading conditions by all WTO members in all circumstances.

WTO 농업협상의 주요 의제와 협상과제

이신규(Shin-Kyuo Lee) 한국관세학회 2003 관세학회지 Vol.4 No.1

With the launch of new negotiations on international trade called ''Doha Development Agenda(DDA), agriculture is once again expected to be a central and difficult issue. Further substantial improvements in market access, reductions of all forms of export subsidies and substantial reductions in trade-distorting domestic support are prominent issues in the DDA agriculture negotiation. It is estimated that the issues such as special and differential(S&D) treatment for developing countries, the Non-trade concerns(NTC) containing environmental protection, food security, food safety and rural development, tariff rate quota(TRQ), special safeguard(SSG) and subsidies will be presented in the fifth WTO Ministerial Conference. It is time for us to prepare the effective strategies and tactics coping with the international challenges in WTO negotiations on agriculture in order to minimize the negative impacts on agricultural sector.

무역 및 관세 원활화를 위한 지리적 표시 보호에 관한 연구

이신규(Shin-Kyuo Lee) 한국관세학회 2008 관세학회지 Vol.9 No.1

This study is to overview the main issues on Geographical Indication(GI) which has been discussed in international organizations such as Paris Conventions for the Protection of Industrial Property, Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods, Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration and Trade-related Intellectual Property Rights(TRIPs), and to suggest some strategies Korea can take advantage of geographical indication for the products.. A geographical indication is a name or sign used on certain products or which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin(eg. a town, region or country). Geographical Indications have long been associated with Europe as an entity, where there is a tradition of associating certain food products with particular regions. Under European Union Law, the protected designation of origin system which came into effect in 1992 regulates the following geographical indications : Protected designation of origin(PDO) and protected geographical indication(PGI) and traditional speciality guaranteed(TSG). As of December, 2007, there are about 56 articles in Korea retaining to registration by the law for quality management of production in agriculture. We need to revise the laws and regulations which have some problems concerning geographical indication for the facilitation of trade and tariff related works. As geographical indication is one of the important issue in FTA negotiations specially with EU, some useful negotiation strategies need to be developed to get some mutual benefits.

한ㆍ중 FTA 원산지규정 관련 협상전략

이신규(Shin-Kyuo Lee) 한국관세학회 2012 관세학회지 Vol.13 No.1

This study aims to propose negotiation strategies for determining criteria of the country of origin which is anticipated to be one of the most controversial issues in the course of FTA negotiations between Korea and China. It is widely accepted that wholly produced criterion and substantial transformation criterion which includes change in tariff schedule value added criteria and important operation or process criteria are used in determining the country origin in FTA. By examining the rules of origin in several FTAs which Korea and China have concluded or entered into force, some difference concerning rules of origin between the two countries were derived. While Korea adopted change in tariff schedule method as the substantial transformation test, China prefer to adopt value added criteria in determining the country of origin. Even though Korea and China calculated value added ratio based on FOB in common, Korea adopted build-down method or build-up method and China preferred to use MC. In relation to the certificate of origin, Korea adopted self-certification method, authorized certification method and approved certification method, but China adopted authorized certification method only. Therefore, it is essential for Korea to consider adopting useful negotiation strategies for country of origin in FTA negotiations with China in the future. It would be better for Korea to adopt as well as for own vessels in determining origin of wholly produced criterion for fishery products. As for substantial transformation criteria, Korea should adopt change of heading or value added criteria exceeding 40 percent. Also, the calculation method and price criteria should be more simple and standardization and CIF or FOB should be used as the price criterion.

WTO/DDA 농업협상의 평가와 과제

이신규(Shin-Kyuo Lee) 한국관세학회 2004 관세학회지 Vol.5 No.1

In spite of concentrated negotiations to establish a standard modality at the WTO Ministerial Meeting at Cancun in Mexico, September 2003, the parties failed to agree on a draft. However, next round of negotiation will be held based on the draft of the Ministers' Declaration. The future negotiations on agriculture will result in further reductions of tariffs and expansion of the market access and reductions of trade-distorting domestic subsidies as well as export subsidies. In this regard, by evaluating and analyzing sectoral contents of the modalities of the WTO/DDA agricultural negotiation, this paper examines their impacts on domestic agriculture and presents basic materials for drawing up country schedules. Also this paper suggests desirable policy measures to cope with negative impacts of trade liberalization on Korean agriculture.

국내 무역기업의 제3자 물류 활성화 방안

이신규(Lee Shin-Kyuo) 한국관세학회 2005 관세학회지 Vol.6 No.2

The Third party Logistics(3PL) is generally understood as the logistics activities providing a comprehensive logistics services, all or partly outsourced by the customer on a longer term contract basis, ranging from making logistics strategies to implementing technology services. The 3PL in Korea was firstly introduced with the deregulation of transportation-related laws in 1998, and following the IMF economic crisis, many business enterprises sought to outsource their logistics costs. With the worsening of business environment recently, there has been a greater concern for the 3PL as a way of focusing on the core-business and thus increase competitiveness to survive and it is prospected that logistics outsourcing market will be expanding with rapid speed. As it is reported that 3PL services will bring a high rate of return and its potential will be more significant, providers and users of 3PL services and government ministry should prepare the way of improvement of logistics institution and plan to activate 3PL services to reach the advanced foreign countries level. Also users for logistics services such as trading companies and service providers have to cooperate each other to take advantage 3PL logistics.