조지 알버트 코오의 사회이론이 기독교교육에 미친 영향

이숙종(Sook-Jong Lee) 한국기독교교육정보학회 2008 기독교교육정보 Vol.19 No.-

This paper is aimed to explore the social theory which George Albert Coe(1862-1951), one of the greatest pioneers of the contemporary Christian Education, invented and contributed itself to the reinterpretation of Christian Education. His core ideas of Christian Education were formulated by the liberal theology with the social gospel movement, the educational thought of progressivism, and the evolutional theory of Darwin, which were the main trends of the contemporary thought. Especially, he, who was greatly influenced by the scientific method and the development of psychology, attempted to introduce their theories into the modernization of Christian Education. In those days his social theory, which has been expanded with the Christian message which was reinterpreted with the new scientific instruments and method, applied to teach the Christian gospel into the minds of the youth by means of Christian Education. The main structure of the social theory contains the four categories such as firstly, an indication of the kind of society, secondly, a conception of the original nature of the leaners, thirdly, a conception of the sorts of individual experience, and lastly, the general standards of the educational institution or process. The social theory was represented to reorganize all the plans and methods of Christian Education in terms of the various social issues which were generated unto modem complex society, and the scientific methods and alternatives to resolve those problems. Remarkably it can be noted that this social theory has been succeeded to the development of the process of the socialization, the religious socialization, or the enculturation of faith, which was showed as the only frame of the academic reference of modem education theologians. Accordingly, this study is to set up the social theory of George Albert coe as its main task, and to organize his life and characteristics of his thought, the understanding of the structure of the social theory, and the later effect of social theory into the process of the socialization.

정부신뢰의 영향요인 연구: 대통령 신뢰의 매개효과를 중심으로

이숙종 ( Sook Jong Lee ),유희정 ( Hi Jeong Yu ) 서울대학교 한국정치연구소 2015 韓國 政治 硏究 Vol.24 No.2

대통령 신뢰와 정부신뢰의 개념적 구분에도 불구하고, 이들의 관계를 경험적으로 검증하는 실증연구는 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 기존 선행연구의 내용을 바탕으로 대통령 신뢰와 정부신뢰의 공통된 영향요인을 개인의 사회정치적 태도, 정부의 사회경제 적·규범적 성과로 범주화하고, 독립변수와 종속변수의 영향관계에 대한 대통령 신뢰의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 개인의 사회정치적 태도와 사회경제적 불안감을 제외한 모든 사회경제적·규범적 성과 변수들이 대통령 신뢰 및 정부신뢰에 공통되게 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 발견되었다. 둘째, 대통령 신뢰는 국가의 경제상황과 정보공개 투명성에 대한 인식이 정부신뢰에 미치는 영향을 완전매개하는 것으로 검증되었다. 셋째, 국가와 국민의 이익에 대한 정부의 책임과 정책에의 국민의견 반영에 대한 인식은 대통령 신뢰를 부분매개하여 정부신뢰에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 정부가 사회경제적·규범적 성과를 증대시키는 과정에서 대통령의 역할이 중요하고, 국민의 정부신뢰 수준을 향상시키기 위해 책임성, 투명성, 반응성과 같은 규범적 성과에 보다 관심을 기울일 필요가 있다는 것을 시사한다. Although existing studies have recognized the importance of trust in president as a separate variable in understanding public trust in government, there have not been enough empirical studies analyzing their relationships. Considering this gap, this study measures the effect of trust in president upon public trust in government. For a more systematic analysis of the mediating effects of trust in president, this study has categorized common factors affecting both trust in president and trust in government into socio-political attitudes and government’s socioeconomic and normative performances. Our statistical analysis shows that, except for socio-political attitudes and the anxiety about socioeconomic risk, all variables of socioeconomic and normative performance are significantly associated with trust in president and government. Next, trust in president completely mediates the effects of perceptions on both national economic conditions and government’s information disclosure upon public trust in government. On the other hand, trust in president partially mediates the effects of government’s accountability and responsiveness to public opinions upon public trust in government. These results suggest that presidential leadership plays a crucial role in improving government performance perceptions. In addition, our findings imply that the Korean government needs to focus on strategic management to enhance the public confidence in government by improving its normative performance such as accountability, transparency, and responsiveness.

한국인과 일본인의 기관신뢰와 민주주의 인식

이숙종 ( Sook-jong Lee ) 국민대학교 일본학연구소 2017 일본공간 Vol.22 No.-

이 연구는 한국과 일본의 시민들을 대상으로 자국의 민주주의의 평가에 따른 공적기관의 신뢰수준에 대하여 차이분석을 실시하였다. 분석을 위해서 한국은 동아시아연구원이 진행한 2017년 6월 11일부터 29일까지의 설문조사를, 일본은 겐론 NPO가 실시한 2017년 6월 17일부터 7월 2일까지 진행한 설문조사를 자료로 사용하였다. 한국은 대통령(수상), 행정부, NGO 기관에 대해서 일본보다 신뢰하고 있었으며, 일본은 법원, 정당, 의회, 군대(자위대), 경찰, 언론, 민간 기업에 대해서 한국보다 신뢰수준이 높았다 민주주의 성과평가는 자국의 민주주의 수준을 어떻게 인식하는지를 측정하였다. 양국 대부분의 시민들은 자국의 민주주의가 비교적 잘 운영되고 있다고 판단하고 있었다. 한국과 일본 모두에서 자국의 민주주의를 민주적이라고 인식할수록 공적기관에 대한 신뢰는 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 이를 통해 한국과 일본 모두에서 민주주의의 평가와 기관신뢰와는 밀접하게 연관되어 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그동안 한일 간 신뢰와 민주주의 간의 부족했던 실증연구에 기여하는 의의가 있다. This study compares the citizens' trust in institutions in South Korea and Japan, and this institutional trust’s relationship with the citizens' perception on their country's democratic performance. South Koreans tend to trust their president, government, and NGOs more than Japanese while Japanese trust courts, political parties, military, police, media, and corporations more than South Koreans. Most of South Koreans and Japanese view their democracy functions well. As many previous studies have maintained, the more South Koreans and Japanese view their democracy functions well, their trust level in institutions has increased. This comparative analysis contributes to providing some empirical findings on the trust and democracy studies of South Korea and Japan.

2013년 한일관계 전망과 한국의 대응

이숙종(Sook Jong Lee) 재단법인 동아시아연구원 2013 EAI 이슈브리핑 Vol.- No.-

일본의 국가-산업관계

이숙종(Lee Sook-Jong) 한국사회학회 1990 韓國社會學 Vol.23 No.SM

개인의 사회자본이 정치참여에 미치는 영향

이숙종(Sook Jong Lee),유희정(Hi Jeong Yu) 한국정치학회 2010 한국정치학회보 Vol.44 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 개인의 사회자본이 정치참여 유형별로 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 기존에 논의되어 왔던 이론 및 선행연구를 바탕으로 정치참여 유형을‘선거참여’와‘비선거 참여’로 분류하고, 이에 대한 인지적ㆍ구조적 사회자본의 영향정도를 살펴보았다. 구체적인 분석결과 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인지적 사회자본으로서 사회신뢰는‘투표참여’와‘공직자 또는 정치인 접촉’에, 정부신뢰는‘정당원 활동’과‘집회 또는 시위 참여’에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 구조적 사회자본으로서 네트워크의 경우 일차참여는‘정당원 활동’에만, 이차참여는‘비선거참여’로 분류되는 모든 정치참여 활동에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과는 개인의 인지적ㆍ구조적 사회자본이 정치참여를 위해 지불해야 하는 시간과 비용을 절감하는데 도움이 되고, 개인의 정치 효능감 및 행동 방식의 변화를 가져와 정치참여에 미치는 영향의 중요성을 시사한다. 따라서 본 연구는 개인의 다양한 정치참여 행위 양식을 유형화하고, 이에 대한 공통된 영향 요인의 범주화를 통해 사회자본과 정치참여 간 영향관계를 체계적으로 분석한 것에 의의가 있다. There have not been enough empirical studies measuring the effects of social capital upon political participation despite the popular premise of positive relations between them. For a more systematic analysis of the two dimensions of social capital, cognitive and structural ones, this study has categorized political participation into ‘election participation' and ‘non-electoral participation' behavior. Our statistical analysis shows that, among cognitive social capital, ‘social trust’increases voting participation and interaction with public officials and politicians while ‘government trust’enhances participation in the activities of a political party and street protests. In the case of the network membership in civic associations that is a typical structural capital, membership in primary civic associations increases party related activities and the membership in secondary civic associations increases all forms of non-electoral political participation behavior. Both forms of cognitive and structural social capital seem to bring positive political participation by reducing its transaction costs and enhancing the political efficacy of individuals.

사회적 특성과 행위 변수가 사회자본에 미치는 영향 -종로구 사례를 중심으로-

이숙종 ( Sook Jong Lee ),최준규 ( Jun Kyu Choi ),유희정 ( Hi Jeong Yu ) 한국지방행정연구원 2008 地方行政硏究 Vol.22 No.4

지역구조변수가 신뢰로서 사회자본에 미치는 영향

이숙종 ( Sook Jong Lee ),최준규 ( Jun Kyu Choi ),조현혜 ( Hyun Hye Cho ) 한국행정학회 2009 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

기독교대학의 교육과 지식종합의 중요성

이숙종(Sook-Jong Lee) 한국기독교교육정보학회 2008 기독교교육정보 Vol.20 No.-

This paper is aimed to explore the educational mission of the Christian university and the reason in which all kinds of the knowledge and learning should be integrated into the one body of all sciences in the academic institutes and universities. This study attempts to reflect the one hundred twenty years' history of the Korean Christian university, and to be focused on its Christian gospel and mission into the Korean soil. Simultaneously it inquires into the way in which the Christian university should play a great role in leading the secular university in terms of the various fields of all knowledge and sciences. The only alternative of leading the studies of all sciences in the Christian university should be on the unity and integration of all knowledge and learning. Because it is the only academic aggregate that the Christian university has taken a leading role in the unique bridge between the sacred knowledge and secular sciences in the history of the human culture. This paper is consisted of the five parts: firstly, the thought background of Christian university which includes the spiritual heritage of Hebraism and the intellectual inquiry of Hellenism; secondly, the educational contents of Christian university which should deal with the excellence of the learning, the moral responsibility, and the spiritual vision; thirdly, the current trends of the unity of all knowledge in contemporary universities of the Western-Eastern world; fourthly, the developmental process of the unity of all knowledge including the trends of the mid-modem times and the latest; finally, the purpose of the unity of all knowledge which is able to provide the complete body of the scientific, mental and spiritual system for the transformation of the whole personality of an individual, and the over all reform of modem society. Ultimately this paper attempts to represent the future orientation of the unity of all knowledge to the Korean Christian university which has subsided into the distorted tradition and the one-sided dogmatism, and the uniqueness of the integrated education for "the global person" who can display one's leadership of the global world beyond the time-space.

인간교육에서 영성교육의 중요성

이숙종(Sook Jong Lee) 한국기독교학회 2001 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.21 No.-

This study is aimed at exploring the significance of education with regard to `human education.` In history, the various studies of the theories and practices of education have been enacted to change and reform human nature, which has been defaced in its living environment and culture. For example, the development and nurture of the intellect, emotion, and volition, which are the innate natures of human beings have received great emphasis in Western education since ancient times, but there have still remained unsolved tasks of rediscovery and restoration of humanity. In this sense this study attempts to make salient the meaning and significance of the spirituality of human beings as a new dimension and as an alternative to human education in order to overcome the difficulties and dilemma of established education. This paper is composed of three parts: firstly, the understanding of general education; secondly, the importance and meaning of spiritual education; and thirdly, the harmony and balanced development of the three dimensions of human education: intellectual, moral, and spiritual. Firstly, in general it is obvious that the Western and Oriental world has inquired and emphasized the intellectual quality of human beings in its educational aims. Many scholars and philosophers have suggested the priority of the moral or virtual over the intellectual with regard to personal education. They have done this by pointing out the problems of the present education system, which has focused on the intellectual aspect of human beings. The second part of this paper attempts to present the development of human spirituality for the nurture and maturity of the whole personality in order to correct the present intellectual and moralistically-centered education system. In order to understand the dynamics of spiritual education, the second chapter explores the meaning of spirituality on the basis of the Bible and the statements of theologians and philosophers. It then provides reasons as to why spiritual education is necessary for modern society, and its purposes in relation to "the unification of life" with reference to individual human beings, to humanity, to nature, and to God. Finally, the third part of this paper defines what human education means in relation to growing and developing three natures innate in the individual human being: intellectual, moral, and spiritual. The reason as to why the human organism consists of body, soul, and spirit, leads to all human beings having a unique obligation or responsibility to become well informed, virtuous, and spiritual; from which it then follows that they may thrive in all three natures. As a result, human education is aimed at instructing the individual human being in the present and for a future life, leading him or her to true knowledge, to gentle morals, and to the deepest spirituality. This scheme also integrates all the fields of human knowledge into spiritual education.