백두산 화산활동 평가를 위한 화산가스 및 온천수에 대한 연구

이상철,윤성효,Lee, Sangchul,Yun, Sung-Hyo 대한자원환경지질학회 2017 자원환경지질 Vol.50 No.2

본 연구에서는 2015년 7월부터 2016년 8월까지 백두산 주롱 온천 지역에서 화산가스 및 온천수를 채취하여 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 이전 연구(Lee et al. 2014)에서 보고된 온천수의 측정값 중 $HCO_3{^-}$ 농도에 오류가 있음을 확인하고, 이를 개선하고자 했다. 온천수의 용존 $CO_2$는 이전 연구에서는 가스 크로마토그래프를 이용하여 분석하였지만, 이를 개선하여 2015년부터 TOC-IC를 이용하여 분석을 실시했다. 또한, 여러 농도의 $Na_2CO_3$ 표준 시료를 GC로 분석하여, 실제 농도와 표준시료 사이의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 그리고 이를 토대로 2014년 온천수의 용존 $CO_2$ 농도를 추정하고자 했지만, 실제 주롱(Julong) 온천 주변의 물을 채취하여 GC로 분석했을 때는 이 상관관계가 잘 적용되지 않아서 2014년 온천수의 용존 $CO_2$ 농도를 추정할 수가 없었다. 연구기간 동안 화산가스 내 $CO_2/CH_4$의 농도는 꾸준히 감소하였는데, 이에 대하여 두 가지 해석이 가능하다. 첫 번째는 화산체 내부의 환경이 조금 더 환원환경에 가까워져 상대적으로 화산가스 내 탄소가 $CO_2$ 보다는 $CH_4$ 또는 CO로 분배되기 유리해 진 것이다. 두 번째 가능성은 화산가스와 물의 상호작용이 강화되어 물에 대한 용해도가 훨씬 높은 $CO_2$의 농도가 상대적으로 감소한 것이다. 일반적으로 화산가스가 물에 희석되는 현상(scrubbing)의 영향은 화산활동이 활발한 시기보다는 잠잠한 시기에 강화된다. 한편, 온천수의 분석은 화산가스 연구에서 중요한 산성기체 성분의 음이온들과 주요 양이온, 그리고 Cd, Re, As에 대해 이루어졌다. This study performed the analysis on the volcanic gases and hot spring waters from the Julong hot spring at Mt. Baekdu during the period from July 2015 to August 2016. Also, we confirmed the errors that $HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations of hot spring waters in the previous study (Lee et al. 2014) and tried to improve the problem. Dissolved $CO_2$ in hot spring waters was analyzed using gas chromatograph in Lee et al. (2014). Improving this, from 2015, we used TOC-IC to analysis dissolved $CO_2$. Also, we analyzed the $Na_2CO_3$ standard solutions of different concentrations using GC, and confirmed the correlation between the analytical concentrations and the real concentrations. However, because the analytical results of Julong hot spring water were in discord with the estimated values based on this correlation, we can't estimate the $HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations of 2014 samples. During the period of study, $CO_2/CH_4$ in volcanic gases are gradually decreased, and this can be interpreted in two different ways. The first interpretation is that the conditions inside the volcanic edifice are changing into more reduction conditions, and carbon in volcanic gases become more favorable to distribute into $CH_4$ or CO than $CO_2$. The second interpretation is that the interaction between volcanic gases and water becomes greater than past, and the concentrations of $CO_2$ which have much higher solubility in water decreased, relatively. In general, the effect of scrubbing of volcanic gas is strengthened during the quiet periods of volcanic activity rather than active periods. Meanwhile, the analysis of hot spring waters was done on the anion of acidic gases species, the major cation, and some trace elements (As, Cd, Re).

광대싸리 줄기의 페놀성 화합물

이상철,안병태,박웅양,이승호,노재섭,이경순,Lee, Sang-Cheol,Ahn, Byung-Tae,Park, Woong-Yang,Lee, Seung-Ho,Ro, Jai-Seup,Lee, Kyong-Soon 한국생약학회 1996 생약학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Twelve compounds were isolated from stems of Securinega suffruticosa. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, they were identified as gallic acid, corilagin, tercatain, geraniin, bergenin, norbergenin, 4-O-galloylnorberg-enin, 11-O-galloylnorbergenin, (+)-catechin, gallocatechin, isoquercitrin and rutin.

광대싸리잎의 페놀성 화합물에 대한 화학적 연구

이상철,안병태,박웅양,이승호,노재섭,이경순,Lee, Sang-Chul,Ahn, Byung-Tae,Park, Woong-Yang,Lee, Seung-Ho,Ro, Jai-Seup,Lee, Kyong-Soon 한국생약학회 1994 생약학회지 Vol.25 No.2

A chemical examination of the aqueous acetone extract of the leaves of Securinega suffruticosa has led to the isolation of nine phenolic compounds. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences, the structures of these compounds were established to be gallic acid(1), corilagin(2), helioscopinin B(3), geraniin(4), bergenin (5), norbergenin(6), 11-O-galloyl norbergenin(7), gallocatechin(8) and rutin(9).

샘플치 시스템의 루프정형 2자유도 H_{\infty}디지털 제어기 설계

이상철,박종우,조도현,이종용,이상효,Lee, Sang-Cheol,Park, Jong-U,Jo, Do-Hyeon,Lee, Jong-Yong,Lee, Sang-Hyo 대한전기학회 2000 전기학회논문지 D Vol.49 No.9

In this paper we propose a design procedure of loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ digital controller for sampled-data system. We extend the continuous time loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ control problem to sampled-data system. The configuration of generalized plant is modified for sampled-data system. And then using continuous lifting we obtain the digital controller. In the final stage of loop-shaping procedure the problem of absorbing weighting functions is discussed. We summarize this study to the design procedure and illustrate the application for an inverted pendulum on the cart.

Euphorbia ebracteolata에 대한 생약학적 연구(I) -Euphorbia ebracteolata의 Flavonoid 성분-

이상철,안병태,박웅양,이승호,노재섭,이경순,유응걸,Lee, Sang-Cheol,Ahn, Beung-Tae,Park, Woong-Yang,Lee, Seung-Ho,Ro, Jai-Seup,Lee, Kyong-Soon,Ryu, Eung-Kul 한국생약학회 1992 생약학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Four flavonoids were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia ebracteolata. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structures of these compounds were established as $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$(isoquercitrin)(I), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside(rutin)(II), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(III) and $quercetin-3-O-(2'-O-galloyl)-{\beta}-D-glucoside$(IV) which was the main flavonoidal component in this plant. The isolation of flavonoids from E. ebracteolata is the first example.

석회화 치원성 낭종의 치험례

이상철,김여갑,류동목,이완기,Lee, Sang-Chull,Kim, Yeo-Gab,Ryu, Dong-Mok,Lee, Wan-Kee 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 1992 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.14 No.3

The calcifying odontogenic cyst was identified as a pathological entity by Gorlin & his associates in 1962. This lesion is one of the rarest and most disputable cysts in the oral region. The calcifying odontogenic cyst has variable clinical and radiological features. We review the previous literatures and report 2 cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung-Hee University. The 1st case was as follows. The patient vas 22 year old female. The past dental history revealed extraction of prolonged retained #73 tooth about 15days ago. She complained a painful swelling on the lower anterior teeth area. There were chin and vestibular swelling on the lower anterior teeth area, tenderness and missing of #33 tooth. The radiograph revealed well-demarcated unilocular radiolucency containing radiopaque calcific flecks around impacted #33 tooth. The clinical diagnosis was COC, so surgical enucleation was done. There was no recurrence and COC was confirmed by pathologist. The second case was as follows. The patient was 72 year old male. The past history revealed inactive tuberculosis, bronchial asthma and denture construction. The chief complaint was rapidly growing mass on the lower left anterior edentulous area. The clinical findings were chin swelling protruding mass with surface ulceration, fluctuation and a few bloody fluid in aspiration. The radiograph revealed well-demarcated radiolucency mimiking the residual cyst. The biopsy result was COC. The surgical excision was done, but the lesion was recurred 10 months later. The treatment was surgical excision with aggressive peripheral bone grinding and FTSG form groin area. There was no problem during the postoperative period.

고속도로 터널 입·출구부 유형과 주변 환경에 따른 식생복구 잠재성에 관한 연구

이상철,최송현,김동필,송재탁,오현경,Lee, Sang-Cheol,Choi, Song-Hyun,Kim, Dong-Pil,Song, Jae-Tak,Oh, Hyun-Kyung 한국조경학회 2012 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.40 No.6

본 연구는 기존에 건설된 터널 입 출구부를 중심으로 유형과 식생경관 등 주변환경에 따른 식생복구 잠재성을 파악하고 그 결과를 토대로 유형별 상세조사지를 선정하여 각 터널별 개선사항을 도출하고자 하였다. 또한 터널의 구조적 안정성을 유지하면서 경관 및 자연성을 증진시켜 향후 건설될 터널 입 출구부를 자연친화적으로 유도하려는 것이 본 연구의 의의이다. 경부고속도로, 영동고속도로, 중앙고속도로 일부 구간의 터널을 전수 조사하였다. 터널 입 출구부 유형을 갱문형식을 중심으로 면벽형과 돌출형으로 구분하고 식생경관은 층위적 관점과 자연미적 관점을 고려하여 다층동질형, 다층이질형, 단층동질형, 단층이질형, 초지형(나지형)으로 총 5개로 분류하였다. 터널의 구조적 안정성과 식생도입 가능성의 관점에서 식생복구 잠재성을 파악하였다. 구조적 안정성의 요소로는 사면높이와 법면경사를 선정하였으며, 식생도입 가능성은 생육기반 조성의 용이성을 구분하여 각 요소별 정량화 값을 부여하여 다소 변형된 정규 분포로 5개의 등급으로 식생복구 잠재성을 구분하였다. 터널 입 출구부의 유형은 면벽형이 33개소로 돌출형보다 많았으며, 식생경관은 단층이질형, 다층이질형, 초지형, 다층동질형 순이었다. 또한 식생복구 잠재성이 뛰어난 곳은 터널 입 출구부 유형이 모두 돌출형이었으며 이는 돌출된 구조물 위에 성토를 실시하고 성토사면으로 인해 주변지형과 조화를 이루었으며 사면 안정성이 확보된 상태로 생육기반 확보가 용이한 것으로 사료된다. 개선안 도출을 위해 7개의 터널을 상세조사한 결과를 보면, 터널 입 출구부는 지형, 안정성, 공사비, 유지관리 등을 총체적으로 고려하여 결정되어야함에도 불구하고 공사비 및 안정성 등이 우선시 되어 비탈면을 최소화하는 시공이 제대로 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이었다. 그 결과, 식생기반이 원활히 형성되지 못했으며 식생기반이 형성된 곳이어도 생태적으로 건전한 식생복구는 이루어지지 못했다. 그러므로 향후에 건설될 고속도로 터널 입 출구부는 입지 및 자연 생태 조사를 사전에 실시하여 설계에 반영하도록 하고 훼손면적 범위를 최소화하는 터널 입 출구부 유형을 지역의 특성에 맞게 적용되어야 할 것이다. 또한 안정성을 기초로 한 적극적 식생복원 기법을 도입하여 생태적으로 건전하고 지역의 특색에 맞는 터널 건설이 되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to classify, evaluate and grade the existing highway tunnels to increase landscape and natural statistics keeping the structural safety about tunnel gates area and induce the ones that will be constructed in the future by drawing the improvements and restoring the techniques as an environment-friendly. To examine the types of tunnel gate area, total 54 tunnels were investigated by selecting Gyeongbu Expressway, Yeongdong Expressway, and Jungang Expressway. Tunnel entrances and exit ports were classified as a Wall-closed type and Protruding type, which is based on tunnel gate type. Vegetation Landscape types were classified as Multilayer-Same as the surrounding landscape_(MS), Multilayer-Difference of surrounding landscape_(MD), Single layer-Same as the surrounding landscape_(SS), Single layer-Difference of surrounding landscape_(SD), and a Desolate type which based on vegetation layers and environment-friendly. Potential vegetation recovery was identified based on the structural stability and revegetation potential of the tunnel. The factors include the structural stability of the slope height and slope gradient were selected. Revegetation potential was identified as a growth potential. This factor was used in the step to classify vegetation recovery potential of a tunnel. The result, which investigated the types of tunnel entrances and exit parts has found that the most typical in 33 places was a Wall closed type with 61.1% of the total ones. The case of vegetation landscape types was created but different from the ones surrounding it with 85.2% of the total ones. It is judged that the currently constructed vegetation of tunnel entrance and exit parts had put convenience on the safety and management before landscape consideration. In addition, tunnel entrance and exit parts with excellent potential for vegetation recovery were all Protruding type. In addition, it is judged that slope stability can easily obtain growth. Therefore, entrance and exist of the highway tunnels, which will be constructed in the future, should reflect location and the result of the natural and ecological survey in design by performing it in advance and their types, which minimize the damage area range, should be applied to the local characteristics suitably. In addition, the ecologically healthy tunnel construction should be done by introducing active vegetation recovery techniques based on its safety.

가축분뇨 자원화 및 해양배출 저감위한 정책 방향

이상철,Lee, Sang-Cheol 대한양돈협회 2007 養豚 Vol.29 No.1

측두근-오훼돌기 피판을 이용한 안와저의 재건 예

이상철,김여갑,류동목,최재용,Lee, Sang-Chull,Kim, Yeo-Gab,Ryu, Dong-Mok,Choi, Jae-Yong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 1993 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.15 No.1

The maxillary squamous cell carcinoma is major part of maxillary malignant tumor. The treatment of maxillary malignancy tumor is the maxillectomy in combination with radiation therapy and chemorherapy. When tumor invasion is occured to the orbit, orbital exenteration is required. But if the periosteum of the orbital floor is intact, the orbit can be preserved. There are many orbital floor reconstruction materials for the prevention of ptosis of the orbital content. The patients on this paper were diagnosised as squamous cell carcinoma on maxilla, we performed the partial maxillectomy including the orbital floor, and we used temporalis muscle-coronoid process flap for the reconstruction of the orbital floor after partial maxillectomy and obtained good esthetic and functional results, as followed. 1. We obtained sufficient flap width for defect of orbital floor. 2. It permits good blood supply and no necessary other donor site. 3. It gives a solid base for the support the globe and the orbital floor. 4. It gives minimal postoperative morphorogical defect and functional disturbance.

한국의 헬기개발 기술현황과 육성을 위한 제언

이상철,Lee, Sang-Cheol 항공산업연구소 1998 항공산업연구 Vol.46 No.-