새로 찾은 이용악의 『보람찬 청춘』과 시 작품연구

이상숙(Lee Sang-sook) 우리문학회 2014 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.43

이 논문은 학계에 처음 소개되는 이용악의 작품 몇 편을 분석하고 그 의미를 살펴보았다. 이 논문의 대상이 되는 실화문학 『보람찬 청춘』, 산문 「혁명사상으로 무장하련다」과 시 「산을 내린다」, 「앞으로! 번개같이 앞으로!」, 「피값을 천만배로 하여」 등은 정치적 부침없이 북한 문학계에서 활발히 활동한 월북 후 이용악 문학의 면모를 가늠하는데 도움을 줄 것이다. 1955년에 발표된 『보람찬 청춘』은 전후 복구시기를 배경으로 전후 복구에 참여하는 청년들의 이야기를 옮긴 일종의 실화문학인데, 산문을 많이 남기지 않은 이용악의 작품으로 매우 중요한 의미를 가진다. 전후의 복구 건설을 위해 대중동원과 함께 청년의 역할을 강조하던 당시 북한문학계의 요구에 충실한 작품으로, 해방 전 이용악 작품의 특징이라 할 수 있는 특유의 인물 형상화 방식이 잘 드러난다. 또 이용악 초기시에 나타난 서사성과 비탄적 서정성은 이 실화문학에서도 찾아 볼 수 있다. 그 외 함께 발굴된 「산은 내린다」, 「앞으로! 번개같이 앞으로!」, 「피값을 천만배로 하여」 등의 시를 통해 북한 사회주의 시인의 역할에 충실했던 시인 이용악의 모습을 살펴 볼 수 있다. This study examines newly discovered works by Lee Young-Ak’s. Rewarding Youth, his rare novel based on a true story, is especially significant as the poet left the world little prose. The novel faithfully reflects the demands of North Korean literary circles to emphasize the primary role of young people in restoring the devastated nation in 1955 after the Korean War, and showcases Lee’s unique literary voice. The epic narrative style and grief-stricken lyricism emphasized in Lee’s early poetry are also evident in this novel. Through other works by Lee including Down the Mountains, Go Forward! Go Forward Like Lightning, and Revenge for Blood a Million Times, all of which were discovered along with Rewarding Youth, it can be seen how his poetic oeuvre unfolded in North Korean literary circles after his defection. This study also reveals how unlike other South Korean poets who had defected to North Korea, Lee was active in and faithful to socialist literature.

방광암 환자의 요세포 검사에서 p53 단백 발현의 의의

이상숙,배지연,강유나,조영록,박남조,김선영,김정희,Lee, Sang-Sook,Bae, Ji-Yeon,Kang, Yu-Na,Cho, Young-Rok,Park, Nam-Jo,Kim, Seun-Young,Kim, Jung-Hi 대한세포병리학회 1996 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Although bladder cancers are very common, little is known about their molecular pathogenesis. It is known that p53 alteration is found in about 60% of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, necessiating aggressive therapy and poor outcome. We examined the nuclear expression of p53 protein, using D07 monoclonal antibody in the urine samples from 31 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to investigate the correlation of p53 overexpression with histologic grades and depth of invasion. The positive rate of p53 protein was 27% in superficial bladder tumor, but increased up to 71% in the invasive bladder carcinomas. The overexpression of p53 protein increased according to Mostofi grading system from 18% in grade I, 45% in grade II, and up to 100% in grade III. The p53 expression tended to be higher in the invasive and high grade bladder cancers than in the superficial and low grade ones(p<0.05). These results suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of the urine specimen in the bladder cancer patients could be a useful method of screening for the presence of p53 mutant protein. The mutant p53 protein expression may be an indicator of bladder cancer with more proliferative potential and/or aggressive biologic behavior.

기관지도말 표본에서 p53단백 발현의 진단적 의의

이상숙,배지연,강유나,조영록,김시남,박남조,김선영,김정희,Lee, Sang-Sook,Bae, Ji-Yeon,Kang, Yu-Na,Cho, Young-Rok,Kim, Si-Nam,Park, Nam-Jo,Kim, Seun-Young,Kim, Jung-Hi 대한세포병리학회 1996 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Abnormalities of p53 gene are common in lung cancers and are associated with immunologically detectable p53 protein. p53 immunoreactivity is uncommon in normal cells but is frequently seen in neoplasia. Therefore, assessment of p53 expression may assist in the cytological diagnosis of malignancy. The usefulness of p53 immunostaining as a marker of malignancy in the cytological analysis of bronchial brush specimens from the patients with lung cancers was investigated in this study. A total of 71 bronchial brush samples submitted for cytologic diagnosis were immunostained with D07, a monoclonal antibody to recombinant p53 protein. Resultant p53 data were correlated with cytologic diagnosis and clinical information. Of the 17 smears with a benign cytodiagnosis, all were p53 negative. Of the 40 cases with a malignant cytodiagnosis (histologically confirmed), 35 were p53 positive and 5 were negative. Of the 14 cases that were cytologically suspicious but nondiagnostic for malignancy, 11 were p53 positive, 9 of which were subsequently proved to be malignant by histologic examination, and the remaining 2 cases were tuberculosis clinically. Forty four of 51 histologically confirmed lung carcinomas were p53 positive, including 25 of 28 squamous cell carcinomas, 13 of 17 small cell carcinomas, 3 of 3 adenocarcinomas, and 3 of 3 large cell undifferentiated carcinomas. These results suggest that p53 immunostaining could be of value as a marker of malignancy in the cytologic examination of bronchial brush specimens. Furthermore, we have shown the possible clinical utility of p53 immunostaining in cytopathological diagnosis, that is, as a valuable adjunct to morphological assessment in the analysis of cytopathologically suspicious cases.

도시(都市)와 농촌(農村) 약년자(若年者)의 혈액(血液)가스 및 중금속(重金屬) 함량(含量) 비교(比較)

이상숙,김두희,Lee, Sang-Sook,Kim, Doo-Hie 대한예방의학회 1985 예방의학회지 Vol.18 No.1

도시인(都市人)과 농촌인(農村人)간의 혈중(血中) 가스 및 중금속(重金屬) 농도(濃度)를 비교(比較)하기 위하며 1985년 5월에 대구지역(大邱地域)에서 15년이상 거주(居住)한 모(某) 고등학교(高等學校) 3학년(學年) 재학생중(在學生中) 34명(名)과 대조군(對照群)으로서 의성군(義城郡) 소재(所在) 동급(同級) 학생(學生) 37명(名)을 대상(對象)으로 하였다. 다만 흡연(吸煙)한 경험(經驗)이 있는 학생(學生)은 포함되지 않았다. 시료(試料)는 Heparin으로 처리된 1회용 주사기로 정맥혈액(靜脈血液)을 채혈(採血)했다. 혈액(血液)가스는 CO-Oximeter(IL. 282)가 부착(附着)된 Blood Gas Analyzer(IL. 1301)로 분석(分析)하였으며, 연(鉛)은 원자화(原子化) 무염광여(無焰光廬)(flameless furance atomizer, IL. 655)가 부착(附着)된 원자(原子) 흡광(吸光) 광도계(光度計)(atomic absorption spectrophotometer, IL. 551)로 분석(分析)하였고 카드뮴과 동(銅)은 염광(焰光) 원자(原子) 흡광(吸光) 광도계(光度計)(flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer)로 분석(分析)하였다. $PO_2$와 $O_2-Hb$은 농촌(農村) 거주군(居住群)에서 각각 $29.34{\pm}7.37mmng,\;48.30{\pm}15.23%$로 도시(都市) 거주군(居住群) 보다 높았다(각각, p<0.01, p<0.03). ${HCO_3}^-$와 $TCO_2$는 도시(都市) 거주군(居注群)에서 각각 $28.01{\pm}1.58mM/L\;29.66{\pm}1.69mmHg$로 농촌(農村) 거주군(居住群) 보다 높았다(각각, p<0.01, p<0.01). CO-Hb는 도시(都市) 거주군(居住群) 보다 농촌(農村) 거주군(居住群)에서 $1.82{\pm}0.36%$로 높았다(p<0.03). Met-Hb은 도시(都市) 거주군(居住群)에서 $0.36{\pm}0.24%$로 농촌(農村) 거주군(居住群)보다 높았다(p<0.01). 도시(都市) 거주군(居住群)의 혈중(血中) 연(鉛)과 카드뮴 함량(含量)은 각각 $0.142{\pm}0.084ppm,\;0.029{\pm}0.007ppm$으로 농촌(農村) 거주군(居住群)의 $0.099{\pm}0.082\;ppm,\;0.025{\pm}0.006\;ppm$보다 높았다(각각, p<0.03, p<0.02). 이상의 결과(結果)로 보아 도시(都市) 거주자(居住者)는 각종 차량(車輛)의 배기(排氣)가스로 인한 대기오염(大氣汚染)의 영향(影響)을 크게 받고 있다는 것을 알 수 있으며, 농촌(農村)에서는 주택(住宅) 구조(構造)가 개선(改善) 되지 않은 상태(狀態)에서 연탄(煉炭) 난방시설(煖房施設)이 보급(普及)된 관계(關係)로 실내(室內) 일산화탄소오염(一酸化炭素汚染)이 문제(問題)가 된다고 추측(推測)되는 바이다. This paper is carried out to determine the venous blood gas components and heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium and copper, in blood between urban and rural teenager. The subjects were 34 in urban, Taegu city and 37 in rural, Euisung-Gun. But smokers were excluded. The specimens were sampled in May, 1985. The heavy metals were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (IL. 551) and carboxy-Hb, Met-Hb, Hb, $O_2\;and\;CO_2$, blood gas analyzer (IL. 1301) and CO-oximeter (IL. 282). In urban group, $PO_2\;and\;O_2-Hb$ were significantly lower than in rural (p<0.01, p<0.03, respectively), and ${HCO_3}^{-}\;and\;TCO_2$ were significantly higher than in rural (p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). CO-Hb concentration was rather higher in the rural group than the urban (p<0.03), other Met-Hb was higher in urban group than in the rural (p<0.01). Lead and cadmium were also significantly higher in the urban group (p<0.03, p<0.02, respectively).

신뢰도 표현 범주화의 응용언어학적 연구

이상숙(Lee Sang Sook) 영상영어교육학회 2001 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.2 No.1

A preliminary study reported in this paper examined Chafe's(1986) and Toulmin-Freeley's(1993) degree categories of reliability/cogency of statements in linguistics and of practical reasoning in English in order to compare them to those of Korean statement reliability categories. The comparison was expected to reveal any necessity for teaching the categories of reliability in English with a visual program to Korean EFL students. The comparison of the two 5-level and 4-level categories in English revealed that no exact equivalent was found in Korea, this yields the conclusion that we need to organize a visual program for the teaching of the categories to Koreans because a translation method of teaching them would be far less effective than a visual program. The reliability level of the conclusions of this study will be upgraded when an experimental study of teaching the degrees of reliability confirms the conclusions of this study together with a further study of comparisons of Korean and English degree categories of reliability in the future.

새로운 문화 환경과 시교육의 현장 -통일교육으로서의 동시 수업 모델을 중심으로-

이상숙 ( Sang Sook Lee ) 국제비교한국학회 2005 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.13 No.2

쌀가루 첨가량이 크래커의 품질에 미치는 영향

이상숙(Lee, Sang Sook),박재희(Park, Jae Hee),고봉경(Koh, Bong Kyung) 계명대학교 생활과학연구소 2015 科學論集 Vol.41 No.-

The effects of rice flour addition to the dough formulation on quality of cracker were investigated. The experiment was conducted to study the physicochemical properties of dough and baked crackers. Different amount of rice flour were mixed with the wheat flour at levels of 25, 50 and 75% of the wheat flour weight, respectively. The decrease in pH of the fermented dough was observed from both control and rice flour added dough. However, the effects of the different rice flour content were not significant on pH of dough before and after fermentation. Thickness, hardness, weight, and volume of crackers were decreased and wideness was increased with the addition of rice flour. The moisture contents of cracker made with rice flour were not significantly different from that of the control made without rice flours. The above results suggest that the addition of rice flour significantly effects on the properties of both dough and crackers. The addition of rice flour in the dough produced the thin crackers with soft and brittle texture.

후두암종에서 Ebstein-Barr 바이러스 DNA와 Bcl-2 단백의 검색

이상숙(Sang Sook Lee),박남조(Nam Jo Park),박준식(June Sik Park) 대한두경부종양학회 2000 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is a B-lymphotrophic virus with a tumorigenic potential. EBV infection has been recognized as the main cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. Bcl-2 protein expression is known to be up-regulated by the EBV-latency associated antigen latent membrane protein(LMP). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EBV in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and the relationship between the presence of EBV and bcl-2 expression. Patients and Methods: From January 1994 to December 1977, 35 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were studied. EBV genome DNA was surveyed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay and then compared the results of in situ hybridization(ISH) for EBER1 using digoxigenin-tailed oligonucleotide probe. The expression of bcl-2 protein was studied by immunohistochemistry(IHC) using bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. Results: By PCR, EBV genome was detected in 22 of 35(62.9%) squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx. Nineteen of 35 cases(54.3%) showed a positive nuclear staining for EBER1 in tumor cells by ISH. Three cases showed positivity in inflammatory cells by ISH and one of them showed a positive staining of both tumor cells and inflammatory cells. Eighteen of 32 specimens(62.5%) were positive for bcl-2 protein. There was no significant correlations between the presence of EBV DNA and bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: It could be concluded that high incidence of EBV in the laryngeal cancer tissue may indicate a probable role of EBV in the development of laryngeal carcinoma.

탈북여성시 연구의 의미와 한계

이상숙(Lee, Sang Sook) 북한대학원대학교 2018 현대북한연구 Vol.21 No.2

<망월사친가>의 작품 실상 고찰

이상숙 ( Lee Sang Sook ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2017 인문학연구 Vol.56 No.2

이 논문은 <망월사친가>의 서지 사항 및 출현 배경을 가사 내용을 토대로 추정해 보고, 내용을 다섯 단락으로 나누어 고찰하였으며 그 특성은 무엇인지를 밝혔다. <사친가(思親歌)>는 결혼한 여성이 친정 식구들을 그리워하는 일련의 가사를 말한다. 작자는 당연히 시집간 여성이며 가사에는 `여자 신세 한탄-성장기-결혼-신행-근친-축원` 등의 비슷한 구조로 이루어져 있다. 그런데 본고에서 다룬 <망월사친가>는 사친가류에 속하는 가사임에도 작자가 남성이다. 또 내용은 `신세 한탄-타향에서의 가족과 이별-고향으로 돌아오는 여정-고향에서 지낸 과거 서술-부모를 그리워하는 마음` 순으로 이어져 기존의 사친가류와 조금 다른 형태를 보이고 있다. 하지만 내용을 살펴보면 신세 한탄과 가족에 대한 그리움으로 귀결되는 모습에서 <망월 사친가>도 사친가류 가사임을 알 수 있다. 창작 시기는 내용으로 보아 1934년으로 추정되며, 일제 강점기에 타향에 있는 가족들을 그리워하는 작자의 마음을 잘 드러내고 있다. 1930 년대에는 항일 운동이 활발하게 이루어지던 때로 근대문학이 형성되던 시기였다. 항일 가사나 근대 소설 등이 주목받던 시기에 타향에 있는 가족들을 그리워하는 마음을 여성이 아닌 남성이 가사로 드러냈다는 점에서 이 작품은 의미가 있다. <망월사친가>의 내용을 단락별로 나누어 분석한 결과 두 가지 내용상 특성을 찾을 수 있었다. 첫 번째는 근대문학이 태동하던 1930년대에 현실비판의 내용이 아닌 사친지정을 담은 가사를 남성이 지었다는 것이다. 두 번째는 남성작인 <망월사친가>가 사친의 내용을 담고 있으면서도 만주에서 고향으로 돌아오는 귀향의 노정과 부모와 떨어져 살았던 지난 10년의 시간을 되돌아보는 회고록의 내용이 포함되어 있다는 것이다. < Sachinga(思親歌) > refers to a series of lyrics where a married woman longs for her family. Of course, the writer is a married woman and the lyrics unfold in a similar structure of a woman lamenting her misfortune - growth period - marriage - new action - new relatives - hope that wishes come true. However, in the manuscript, despite the lyrics belonging to Sachingaryu of the < Mangwolsachinga > which is being dealt with, the writer is a man. Furthermore, the contents appear to be in a form that breaks away from the existing sachingaryu as it unfolds in the order of lamenting one`s fortune - parting with family far away - journey coming back to one`s hometown-narration of past spent in one`s hometown-feeling which longs for one`s parents. The setting period is estimated to be 1934 based on the contents and it reveals well the feelings of the writer who longs for his family who are far way in the Japanese colonization period. The 1930s which was a period when anti-Japanese movement actively unfolded is the period modern literature was formed. I believe this work is worth taking a look at in terms of revealing the feelings of a man, not a woman, longing for his family who are in a far away place during the period when anti-Japanese lyrics or modern novels received attention. Therefore, two content characteristics are shown from results of the contents of < Mangwolsachinga > which is analyzed through division by paragraph. First, it interlocks with the era of the 1930s. This period was a time when written works of anti-Japanese literature were mass produced and independence movements were active both at home and abroad. The fact that the lyricsgenre of that period is written by a man in the contents of Sachinjijung is worth paying attention. Second, is the fact that a male writer (男性作) filling in Sanchin contents of < Mangwolsachinga > while including memoir contents that shows the return home from Manchuria and reminisces about the past 10 years of living apart from his parents is noteworthy.