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Preparation and Measures for Elderly with Dementia in Korea
Moo-Sik Lee(이무식) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2019 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.44 No.1
치매는 세계적으로 주요 유행 질환이 되었다. 한국의 2010년 치매 유병률은 8.7%에서 2050년 15.1%로 예측되고 있으며, 2017년 현재 725,000명의 치매환자가 추정되고 있다. 이 글은 한국의 국가치매 예방관리사업을 현황을 리뷰하고 그에 따른 정책과제 등을 살펴보고자 하였다. 한국은 치매에 대하여 2008년, 2012년, 2016년에 걸쳐 세 차례의 국가치매계획을 개발하였다. 제1차 치매계획은 치매에 대한 예방, 조기진단, 하부구조개발 및 조정, 관리, 인지도 개선 등에 초점을 맞추었으며, 제2차 치매계획은 치매환자 가족지원에 역점을 두었고, 치매관리법의 제정과 더불어 포괄적인 사업의 근거를 마련하였다. 제3차 치매계획은 치매 친화적 지역사회 구축에 목표를 두었으며, 가족부담을 줄이고, 연구, 통계, 기술개발 등에 지원을 마련하였다. 2017년 한국 정부는 국가치매책임제를 도입하였으며, 경증 치매에 대한 장기요양보험제도 혜택을 확대하고, 보건소 치매안심센터의 설치, 운영, 국가 및 공공치매관리시설의 확장 등을 추진하고 있으나 정책의 급속한 추진에 따르는 재정확보 등 많은 과제들이 남아 있다. Dementia is major epidemic disease of the 21st century in the world. Dementia is one of the major issues in public health globally. Also in Korea, the estimated prevalence of dementia was 8.7%(0.47 million) in 2010, the number will reach the 1 million mark in 2024, it will become a 15.1%(2.71 million) by 2050. Among Koreans aged 65 or older, 725,000 are estimated to be suffering from dementia in 2017. Against dementia, Korea developed three National Dementia Plans in 2008, 2012, and 2016. The 1st plan was came into effect in 2008 and focused on prevention, early diagnostic, development and coordination of infrastructures and management, and improving awareness. The 2nd plan was launched in 2012, addressed the same priorities but had a stronger focus on supporting family members. In 2012 the Dementia Management Act established a statutory basis for organization of the National Dementia Plans. Under the Dementia Management Act, the government is required to produce a comprehensive plan for dementia every 5 years. The Act also orders that the government should register the dementia patients and collect statistics on epidemiology and the management of the dementia conditions. The Dementia Management Act of Korea required the operation of the National Institute of Dementia and Metropolitan/Provincial Dementia Centers to make and carry out dementia management plans throughout the nation. The Act also mandate to establish Dementia Counselling Centers in every public health center and the National Dementia Helpline. The 3rd National Dementia Plan of 2016 aims to build a dementia friendly community to ensure people with dementia and their carer live well. This plan focus on community-based prevention and management of dementia, convenient and safe diagnosis, treatment, and care for people with dementia, the reduction of the care burden for family care-givers of people with dementia, and support for dementia research through research, statistics and technology. In 2017, Moon‘s government will introduce the “National Dementia Responsibility System,” which guarantees most of the burden caused by dementia. This plan include that the introduction of a ceiling on self-pay for dementia diseases, expansion of the application of dementia care standards through alleviating the support criteria for long-term care insurance for mild dementia, expansion of dementia support centers, expansion of national and public dementia care facilities. In the meantime, Korea has accomplished many accomplishments by establishing many measures related to dementia and promoting related projects in a short time, but there are still many challenges.
이무식 ( Moo-sik Lee ),신은영 ( Eun-young Shin ),모영하 ( Young-ha Mo ),김남송 ( Nam-song Kim ),나백주 ( Bak-ju Na ),김은영 ( Eun-young Kim ) 한국모자보건학회 2002 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.6 No.2
Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the cyber counseling for sex-related problems and suggest the direction of development about education and cyber counseling. Methods : We operated internet counselling site for sex-related problems in konyang university server from May, 2000 to April, 2001. The 1,628 cases gathered from this counselling site where people left their electronic mails or bulletin board for asking for counseling about their sex-related problems. The basis for analysis was the Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexuality Education developed by the Sex Information and Education Council of the United States(SIECUS). Results : Most of the people using the cyber counselling for sex-related problems are teenagers(53.3%) and high school students(42.9%). There are significant difference of user's age between the e-mail and bulletin board. Most e-mail users are twenties(55.5%) and Most bulletin board users are teenagers(58.0%). Most people asked for counselling on wednesday and pm times because of the time limit. But there is no difference in using time and weeks. With respect to the content analysis of cyber counselling, most people are curious for human development(55.4%), especially, reproductive anatomy and physiology, and sexual health(37.7%), sexual behavior(25.3%). And most counselling for sex-related problems is physiological sexuality(95.9%). For many people(83.2%), Elementary sexuality education programs are needed with preventive sexuality education program. Conclusions : Because of the rapid development of computer industries, cyber counselling method will become a major complementary method in the future. This study results showed that continuous, systematic sexuality education programs that were designed according to the stage of growth and development of students must be performed. We must develope the integrated system of sexuality counselling and education program in cyber space.