가정용 식품 냉장고와 냉동고의 내부 온도 분포 실태 조사

이동빈,김종억,이자영,김상구,이상윤 한국식품위생안전성학회 2023 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 국내 가정에서 사용하고 있는 냉장고 및 냉동고의 온도 분포에 대한 현황을 파악하기 위하여 냉장고대상 25가구, 냉동고 대상 25가구를 선정하고 온도 측정을 시행하였다. 가정용 냉장 및 냉동고의 실제 공간상의온도 분포 조사 결과, 냉장고 대상 가구에서 측정된 온도는 최저 -8.2℃, 최고 15.8℃, 평균 3.73℃로 조사되었으며, 공간 위치별 온도 분포는 문 보관 칸 5.06±1.69℃, 내부벽면 4.18±1.19℃, 내부 보관함 3.41±1.36℃로 내부 보관함의 온도가 가장 낮았고, 각 위치에서 상단 및 하단의 유의적인 온도 차이는 문 보관 칸에서만 확인되었다(P<0.01). 냉동고 대상 가구에서 측정된 온도는 최저 -30.3℃, 최고 0.7℃, 평균 -17.95℃로 조사되었으며, 공간 위치별 온도 분포는문 보관 칸 -17.19±1.68℃, 내부 벽면 -17.81±1.07℃, 내부보관함 -18.78±1.72℃로 냉장고 결과와 동일하게 내부 보관함의 온도가 가장 낮고, 문 보관 칸에서만 상·하단의 유의적인 온도 차가 확인되었다(P<0.01). 냉장·냉동고 내에서 위치별 최대 온도 차이는 각각 2.18℃, 2.02℃로 확인되었으며, 결론적으로 냉장·냉동고 전체의 온도가 일정하게 유지되는 것이 아니며, 보관되는 위치별로 유의적인 편차가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 냉장·냉동고제조사와 공공기관에서 식품별 권장 보관 위치를 고객들에게 적극적으로 권고하고, 각 가정에서는 온도 변화에 민감한 식품을 보관할 경우 문쪽 보관을 지양하는 등 보관관리 의식을 가져야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study surveyed and compared the temperature distribution in domestic refrigerators and freezers used in Korea to determine whether temperature varied according to the location of food storage. We selected 50 people to collect temperature data; among them, 25 measured the temperature of refrigerators, while the remaining measured the temperature of freezers. Consequently, the lowest and highest temperatures measured in domestic refrigerators were found to be -8.2℃ and 15.8, respectively, with an average temperature of 3.73℃. The temperature distribution based on internal location was: 5.06±1.69℃ for the door storage compartment, 4.18±1.19℃ for the inside wall surface, and 3.41±1.36℃ for the inner storage box. Significant temperature differences between the top and bottom were only identified at the door storage compartment (P<0.01). Further, the minimum and maximum temperatures measured in the freezer was -30.3℃ and 0.7℃, respectively, with an average temperature of -17.95℃. The temperature distribution based on location was: -17.19±1.68℃ for the door storage compartment, -17.81±1.07℃ for the inside wall surface, and -18.78±1.72℃ for the inside storage box. The results were similar to that of the refrigerator, with the lowest temperature in the inside storage box, and a significant temperature difference between the top and bottom noted only at the door (P<0.01). The maximum temperature difference (between locations) within the refrigerator and freezer was found to be 2.18 and 2.02℃, respectively. In conclusion, the temperature in the entire space was not constant; there were significant deviations at different storage locations. Therefore, public authorities should actively advise customers on the recommended storage locations for each food type. People will benefit from awareness about storage management, including avoiding storage of temperature-sensitive foods in door compartment.

詞體長短句式表意特征的學理探析

이동빈 영남중국어문학회 2011 중국어문학 Vol.57 No.-

The most obvious external language forms and features of Ci-Genre are its varied intricate long and short sentence style. The combination of the intricate long and short sentences has the performance forms and expression pattern between sentences that different from the tidy poetic form; and the different usage`s strategies about these sentences, is also the important factor in forming the different styles among Ci-poets. The long and short sentences of Ci-Genre own the rich, deep and complicated melody of expression pattern, which reflects an inevitable trend of the Chinese ideographic function of poetic language to a higher and deeper level. The appearance of Ci-Genre, completed the leap from the homogeneous to the complex statement of Chinese Poetry, even had great significance in the Chinese poetic and genre development history.

뉴럴 네트워크 방식의 벡터제어에 의한 유도전동기의 속도 제어

이동빈,유창완,홍대승,임화영,Lee, Dong-Bin,Ryu, Chang-Wan,Hong, Dae-Seung,Yim, Wha-Yeong 한국지능시스템학회 1999 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.9 No.5

This paper presents a vector controlled induction motor is implemented by neural networks system compared with PI controller for the speed control. The design employed the training strategy with Neural Network Controller(NNC) and Neural Network Emulator(NNE) for speed. In order to update the weights of the controller First of all Emulator updates its parameters by identifying the motor input and output next it supplies the error path to the output stage of the controller using backpropagation algorithm, As Controller produces an adequate output to the system due to neural networks learning capability Vector controlled induction motor characteristics actual motor speed with based on neural network system follows the reference speed better than that of linear PI speed controller.

휠체어 배드민턴 경기를 통한 척수장애인의 운동 효과

이동빈,김현준,곽이섭,김지석 한국스포츠학회 2016 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.14 No.4

본 연구는 척수장애인들의 휠체어 배드민턴 경기에 따른 신체활동량, 평균운동강도, 젖산 및 혈당 수치 등을 분석 하고, 비장애인의 일반 배드민턴 경기에서 나타난 생리학적 변화와 비교하여, 휠체어 배드민턴 경기를 통한 척수장애인 들의 운동 효과를 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 신체활동량은 Armband를 연구대상의 상완 안쪽 중심에 착용시켜 총에 너지소비량과 평균운동강도를 측정하였고, 채혈은 핑커팁 방법을 이용하여 배드민턴 경기 전·중·후 간이혈당기와 간 이 젖산분석기를 이용하여 혈중 젖산농도와 혈당량을 측정하였다. 그룹 간의 평균 운동강도는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 비장애인군의 총에너지소비량은 장애인군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 그러나 체중당 에너지소비량으로 환산 하였을 때, 두 그룹 간의 에너지소비량에서 유의차가 나타나지 않았다. 배드민턴 경기 전·중·후의 그룹 간 젖산의 농 도는 운동 전에 비해 운동 중에 유의하게 증가하였으며, 혈당량은 운동 중에 감소하는 경향성을 나타내었으나, 그룹 간 유의차는 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 연구결과는 척수장애인의 휠체어 배드민턴 경기가 비장애인의 일반적인 배드민턴 경기와 비교하여 운동강도, 에너지소비량, 젖산 및 혈당의 수치 등에서 차이가 나타나지 않으며, 휠체어 배드민턴 운동 이 척수장애인의 건강 유지에 필요한 기초적인 신체활동량을 제공해 줄 수 있는 운동으로 볼 수 있음을 의미한다고 하겠다. 또한 본 연구는 척수장애인을 위한 스포츠 종목 선정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의를 가진다고 하겠다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological effects of wheelchair badminton exercise on disabled people with spinal cord injury compared to non-disabled people. Healthy 8 disabled people with spinal cord injury (DA group, Male, 50.75±5.39 yrs) and 9 non-disabled (ND group, Male, 47.44±7.72 yrs) were selected. The levels of lactic acid and the glucose were measured by blood collection. The intensity of exercise between normal badminton and wheelchair badminton was not statistically different in between groups. Total energy expenditure was significantly higher in ND group compared to DA group. However, the energy expenditure per body weight was not different in between groups. The level of lactic acid was significantly enhanced in the mid-exercises in both groups compared to pre-exercise. The level of blood glucose was significantly lower in mid-exercise compared to post-exercise. However, there was no significant difference between ND and DA groups. This result means that the wheelchair badminton exercise for the disabled people with spinal cord injury has similar effects in the exercise intensity and in the changes of physiological markers. The current study has shown that the wheelchair badminton can be an ideal exercise to serve a necessary amount of physical activity to maintain their healthy and independent life style for the disabled people.

스테레오 영상 및 음성을 이용한 발화자 위치 추정에 관한 연구

이동빈(Dong-Bin Lee),진상현(Sang-Hyeon Jin),홍광석(Kwang-Seok Hong) 한국통신학회 2009 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11

적응 퍼지 제어기를 이용한 도립진자의 제어

이동빈(Lee Dong-Bin),고재호(Ko Jae-ho),유창완(Ryu Chang-wan),임화영(Yim Wha-Yeong ) 대한전기학회 1998 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1998 No.7

퍼지-PI 제어기법을 이용한 유도전동기의 벡터제어

이동빈(Lee Dong-Bin),유창완(Ryu Chang-Wan),홍대승(Hong Dae-Seung),고재호(Ko Jae-Ho),임화영(Yim Wha-Yeong) 대한전기학회 2000 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.7

뉴럴 네트워크를 이용한 유도 전동기의 속도 제어

이동빈(Lee Dong-Bin),유창완(Ryu Chang-Wan),홍대승(Hong Dae-Seung),고재호(Ko Jae-Ho),임화영(Yim Wha-Yeong) 대한전기학회 1999 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.7

Clinical Relevance of Mobile Phone Interference with Electroretinography in Healthy Dogs: Experimental Study

정선준,이동빈,김주리,김민수,허수영,김남수 한국임상수의학회 2020 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.37 No.3

This study aimed to confirm the effects that the mobile phone has on Electroretinogram (ERG). The ERG responses of three groups of healthy dogs, five in each group, were studied. ERG test was performed consecutively before and after the mobile phone was carried out. For group A, music was played with the sound on; for group B, music was played but the sound off; and for group C, the phone was set on the airplane mode. In the presence of a mobile phone, the amplitudes of a- and b-wave were increased in all groups. The a- and b-wave amplitudes at the flash intensity of 3,000 mcd·s/m2 were significantly increased in all groups (p < 0.05). Based on the results, it is recommended to conduct ERG test in the absence of a mobile phone for the accurate evaluation of the retinal function.

유럽인 자료로 산출된 조현병 다유전자 위험도 점수의 한국인 조현병 환자를 대상으로 한 적용

이진영,이동빈,조은영,백지현,홍경수 대한조현병학회 2020 대한조현병학회지 Vol.23 No.2

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore whether common genetic variants that confer the risk of schizophrenia have similar effects between Korean and European ancestries using the polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. METHODS Study subjects included 713 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 497 healthy controls. The Korea Biobank array was used for genotyping. Summary statistics of the most recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the European population were used as baseline data to calculate PRS. Logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between calculated PRS of European patients with schizophrenia and clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia in the Korean population. RESULTS Schizophrenia PRS was significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. The PRS at the pvalue threshold of 0.5 best explained the variance of schizophrenia (R2=0.028, p=4.4×10-6). The association was significant after adjusting for age and sex (odds ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.19-1.51, p=1.1×10−6). The pattern of the association remained similar across different p-value thresholds (0.01-1). CONCLUSION Schizophrenia PRS calculated using the European GWAS data showed a significant association with the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia in the Korean population. Results suggest overlapping genetic risk variants between the two populations.