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부로일러 초생추에 있어서 곡류사료의 대사에너지 측정에 관한 연구;제3보
이남형,김춘수 한국축산학회 1974 한국축산학회지 Vol.16 No.1
To Study the metabolizable energy values of white corn, yellow corn, barley, naked barley, wheat, milo, barley crumble, barley screenings, and wheat shorts (I, II) by chromic oxide indicator technique, 165 birds of a broiler type at 4 weeks of age were employed for this experiment. The substitution level of test ingredients was 30% on the basis of air dry matter. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. It was obtained that corrected metabolizable energy values of white corn, yellow corn, barley, naked barley, wheat, milo, barley crumble, barley screenings, wheat shorts (I) and wheat shorts (II) were 3475 ㎉, 3496 ㎉, 3241 ㎉, 3598 ㎉, 3345 ㎉, 3514 ㎉, 3152 ㎉, 2451 ㎉, 2518 ㎉, 2521 ㎉ per kilogram, respectively. 2. In the body weight gain and feed efficiency, barley crumble group was superior to the others. The groups received naked barley, wheat shorts (II) or barley screenings gained poorly.
Extrusion 사료가공기술이 대두의 질소분해, 소화율 및 반추위내 발효성상에 미치는 효과
이남형,윤칠석,하종규,고종열,최연호 한국콩연구회 1991 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.8 No.1
본 연구는 생대두의 이용성을 향상시키기 위한 Extruding처리온도 효과를 비교하기 위하여 생대두와 125℃, 135℃, 145℃에서 extruding 시킨 대두등 4가지 대두에 대한 in sacco disappearance rate, in vivo 소화율, 반추위내 발효성상에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 제 1위와 4위에 canulae를 설치한 평균체중 40㎏인 숫면양을 이용하여 실시하였다. 급여사료는 농후사료와 조사료 급여비율의 70 : 30인 완전사료 pellet을 제조하였다. 본 시험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. In sacco 방법에 의한 건물 disappearance rate는 3∼9시간 배양시에는 큰 차이는 없었으나 12시간,24시간 배양시 처리온도에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다(p<0.5) 2. 질소 disappearance rate는 건물결과와 같이 처리온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 12시간 배양시 135℃ 처리구가 가장 낮았고(p<0.01), 24시간 배양시 처리온도간 차이는 없었다. 3. Pepsin 소화율은 6시간 배양시킨 잔유물은 88∼90% 범위로 135℃, 145℃ 처리구가 약간 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 생대두에 대한 extruding 처리온도는 in vivo영양소 이용율에 미치는 영향을 뚜렷하지 않았으나 단백질은 증가하고 지방은 감소하는 경향이었다. 5. 질소축적률은 extruding 처리온도가 증가할 수록 향상되는 경향을 나타냈으며 135℃처리구가 가장 높았다(p$lt;0.1). 6. 위액의 pH, NH₃-N, 총 VFA 함량은 extruding 처리에 의한 별 영향을 받지 않았으나 135℃ 처리구에서 pH,NH₃-N은 낮은 경향이었고, 총 VFA함량은 다소 높았으며 위액의 propionate는 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.1).
면양에서 볏짚 - 가축분싸일레지의 소화율과 질소균형에 관한 연구
이남형,김춘수 ( Nam Hyung Lee,Chun Su Kim ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.3
This experiment was conducted to use broiler litters and pig manure as alternatives of layer`s manure for making straw-manure silage as well as to determine the digestibility and nitrogen balance in sheep fed rice straw-livestock manure silage. Four sheep averaging 30 kg were used in a digestibility and nitrogen balance trial by 4x4 Latin square design. The four rations tested contained; 1) 4% NaOH treated rice straw-wet layer`s manure silage, 2) 4% NaOH treated rice straw-broiler litters silage, 3) 4% NaOH treated rice straw-pig manure silage, 4) 4% NaOH treated rice straw-dried layer`s manure silage. The pH of the silage containing wet layer`s manure, broiler litters, pig manure and dried layer`s manure was 4.83, 5.16, 4.64 and 4.82 at the 40 days of ensiling, respectively. The acetic acid production of straw-manure silage with wet layer`s manure and pig manure was major dominant acid whereas the acetic acid and lactic acid production in the straw-broiler litters silage and straw-dried layer`s manure silage became equally dominant. The total acids of silage with broiler litters and pig manure were 7.41% and 2.49%, respectively. The apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were similar in the lambs receiving the straw-manure silage regardless of type of manure included. The apparent digestibility of crude protein in the silage containing dried layer`s manure was significantly lower than the silages of pig manure, broiler litters and wet layer`s manure (P$lt;0.05). There was little differences in nitrogen balance. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) value of straw-manure silage containing wet layer`s manure, broiler litters, pig manure and dried layer`s manure was determined as 53.36%, 54.50%. 53.57% and 49.86% respectively.
이남형,오스코푸,김춘수 ( Nam H . Lee,E . R . OrsKov,Chun S . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.4
This experiment was carried out to estimate the rate of degradation of soyabean meal and fish meal when they were incubated in nylon bags in the rumens of dairy cows receiving roughage. The rate of disappearance of dry matter and nitrogen from the vegetable source of protein was greater than the rate of disappearance from animal source of protein. The dry matter and protein disappearance of protected soyabean meal was lower than those of non-protected soyabean meal.
소맥부 대신 옥수수와 생미강을 첨가시 볏짚 - 계분싸일레지의 질에 미치는 영향
이남형,김춘수 ( Nam Hyung Lee,Chun Su Kim ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.5
This experiment was carried out to study the effect of rice straw-manure silage containing the Association of Official Analytical Chemists dry matter digestibility as well as the effects of two different moisture levels (46% and 66%) upon the silage-making. The results obtained are as follows : 1. In vivo dry matter digestibility of silage products ranged from 57 to 60% but failed to show significant differences among the different silage products. 2. Response to the different moisture contents (46% vs 66%) was not evident, and little statistical differences were noted on neither the chemical composition nor the digestibility.
New But Same Old Story: Hayek’s Spontaneous Order and Evolutionary Game on Group Selection
이남형 한국사회경제학회 2011 한국사회경제학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2011 No.여름
This paper tries to explain the relationship between Hayek’s arguement on cultural evolution and evolutionary game theory, especially focusing on group seletion. Hayek argues that the social norm emerges from group selection without any intentions. He calls this process as the cultural evolution. Based on this notion, politically he objects to the government’s intervention. His cultural group selection has been criticized in three aspects: the possibility of free-riding behavior in group selection, the necessity of intentional acts to sustain selection, and the instrumental justification of the presupposed purposes of selection. From 1970s, the dual inheritance theory has shedded new lights on the cultural evolution with advanced analytical tools and novel concepts. These studies have many similarities with Hayek’s cultural evolution. However, this paper argues that Hayek’s teleological idea and political argument can undermine its evolutionary bases.
볏짚의 사료가치 증진에 관한 연구 제2보 발효 볏짚 사료가 비유우의 산우량에 미치는 영향
이남형,김춘수,육종융 ( Nam Hyung Lee,Chun Su Kim,Chong Yung Yuk ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.5
A feeding experiment was conducted for 2 months to evaluate the nutritive value of either fermented or alkali treated rice straw for lactating dairy cattle. Twelve mature Holstein cows were divided into 3 groups according to their age, body weight and previous production record. They were, then randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Three treatments consisted of control, fermented and, alkali treaty group. The control diet was 100% formula feed while the experimental diets were consisted of 85% formula feed plus either of 15% fermented or alkali treated rice straw on the dry weight basis. All animals were fed identical roughages according to NRC standard. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Average daily milk production for control, fermented and alkali straw groups were 15.8, 16.0 and 16.1 ㎏, respectively. 2. Feed costs per ㎏ of milk produced were estimated to be 40.1 won for the control, 38.7 won for the fermented and 36.8 won for the alkali treated straw group. These differences were not statistically significant.
부로일러 초생추에 있어서 강부류사료의 대사에너지 측정에 관한 연구 ( 제4보 )
이남형,김춘수 ( Nam H . Lee,Chun S . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.3
This experiment was conducted to study the ME values of rice bran, wheat bran, barley bran, sweet potato meal (include leaf and stem), sweet potato meal (expressed processing) by chromic oxide indicator technique in broiler chickens. The substitution level of test ingredients was 30% on the basis of air dry matter. The N-corrected ME values of rice bran, wheat bran and barley bran were 1,600, 1,489 and 2,315 ㎉/㎏ respectively. The sweet potato meal including leaf and stem and mechanically expressed sweet potato meal gave the ME values of 2,406 and 2,528 ㎉/㎏ respectively.