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超音波를 利用한 Dodecyl Pyridinium Chloride 水溶液中의 미셀과 반대이온 사이의 解離-再結合反應의 反應速度論的 硏究
이근무,Kun Moo Lee 대한화학회 1976 대한화학회지 Vol.20 No.3
界面活性劑 dodecyl pyridinium chloride 水溶液에서의 超音波吸收를 $20^{\circ}C$, 振動數 0.1${\sim}$90 Mc에서 測定하였다. 超過吸收는 cmc 以上의 濃度에서만 觀測되었다. 超音波超過吸收의 메카니즘은 $M_2\;{\rightleftharpoons}\;M_1\;+\;1.2Cl^-$ 反應에 基因됨을 알았다. 여기서 $M_2,\;M_1$은 다른型의 미셀이다. 정, 逆反應速度常數는 각각 $6.6{\times}10^5 sec^{-1},\;2.7{\times}10^11sec^{-1}mol^{-1.2}$임이 觀測되었다. 自由에너지, 엔탈피, 엔트로피등 몇가지 反應速度論的性質도 算出하였다. The ultrasonic absorption has been measured in aqueous solution of dodecyl pyridinium chloride (DPC) at $20^{\circ}C$ over the frequency range of 0.1${\sim}$90 Mc.The excess absorption was observed only in solutions in which the concentration was higher than the critical micellar concentration(cmc). The mechanism for this feature was attributed to the reaction $M_2\;{\rightleftharpoons}\;M_1\;+\;1.2Cl^-$ Where $M_2$ and $M_1$ and M1 are two types of micelle. The rate constants of the forward and the reverse reactions were $6.6{\times}10^5 sec^{-1}\;and\;2.7{\times}10^11sec^{-1}mol^{-1.2}$respectively. Some kinetic charateristics including the free energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated.
8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-Sulfonic Acid의 금속킬레이트 생성에 관한 열역학적 고찰
이근무,Kun Moo LEE 대한화학회 1969 대한화학회지 Vol.13 No.1
Acid dissociation constants and chelate stability constants of 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid have been determined for divalent metal ions. Co (Ⅱ), Ni (Ⅱ) and Zn (Ⅱ) by means of the Calvin-Bjerrum technique at the various temperatures. The standard free energy changes for the reactions at $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $40^{\circ}$and $50^{\circ}C$ were calculated, and the corresponding values of ${\Delta}H^{\circ}$ and ${\Delta}S^{\circ}$ applying over this temperature range are reported. The results are interpreted on the basis of current theories of metal chelate formation in aqueous solution.
界面活性劑 Hexadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide의 C. M. C. 의 溫度效果
이근무,Kun Moo Lee 대한화학회 1969 대한화학회지 Vol.13 No.1
Temperature effect on the critical micelle concentration of hexadecyl trimetyl ammonium bromide over the range of $2^{\circ}-50^{\circ}C$ has been investigated by the method of electrical conductivity. The values obtained have been formulated as a power series in T. Several thermodynamic parameters have been calculated for the temparature range examined and their values have been discussed in the light of current theories on the participation of solvent in micelle formation.
Dodecyl Pyridinium Bromide 水溶液中의 Micelle과 Counter-Ion 間의 解離-再結合反應에 對한 超音波에 依한 反應速度論的 硏究
이근무,Lee Kun Moo 대한화학회 1973 대한화학회지 Vol.17 No.2
界面活性劑 dodecyl pyridinium bromide(D.P.B.) $20^{\circ}C$ 濃度 5∼100mM 水溶液中에서 0.1Mc~90Mc 超音波의 吸收 係數를 測定정하였다. 監 存在 與否에 關係없이 臨界 micelle 濃度(c.m.c.)以上의 濃度에서만 超音波超過 吸收가 觀測되었다. 超音波 吸收 曲線에서 D.P.B.水溶液 60mM附近에 超過 吸收 및 relaxation 振動數의 不連續的인 變化를 觀測하였다. 또 粘性係數, 電氣傳導度, 超音破速度들의 濃度曲線 에서도 같은 濃度에서 不連續的인 變化를 나타낸다. 따라서 이 濃度 附近에서 D.P.B.의 micelle의 性質에 變化가 일어나고 있다고 結論지을 수 있다. 超音波超過 吸收의 mechanism은 $M_2{\rightleftharpoons}M_1+2Br^-$ 反應에 基因됨을 알았다. 여기서 $M_2$,$ M_1$은 다른 型의 micelle이다. 正, 逆方向의 反應速度常數는 各各 $6.9 {\times} 10^5 sec^{-1)$, $6.7{\times}10^{10}sec^{-1}mole{-2}$임이 觀測되었다. 이 反應 mechanism의 自由 에너지, enthalpy, entropy 및 活性化에너지를 算出하였다. The ultrasonic absorption of Dodecyl pyridinium bromide (D.P.B.) in aqueous solution has been measured at $20^{\circ}C$ over a range of frequencies between 0.1 mc and 90 mc and a range of concentrations from 5 to 100 mM. The excess absorption was observed only in the solutions the concentration of which was higher than the critical micellar concentration (c.m.c.) both in the presence and absence of salt. The excess absorption of sound and the relaxation frequencies obtained from the absorption curves show a discontinuity with the variation of the concentration of D.P.B. in the neighborhood of 60 mM. Other properties such as viscosity, conductivity and velocity of sound also exhibit such a change near the same concentration. It is concluded that a change in the properties of the micelles of D.P.B. occurs in the neighborhood of this concentration. The mechanism of the observed ultrasonic excess absorption in attributed to the reaction $M_2{\rightleftarrow}M_1+2Br^-$where$M_2$ and$M_1$are two types of micelles. The rate constants of forward and backward reactions are found to be $6.9 {\times} 10^5 sec^{-1)$and $6.7{\times}10^{10}sec^{-1}mole{-2}$ respectively. Some kinetic characteristics including free energy, enthalpy, entropy and activation energy were calculated.
증례보고 : 상악암 환자의 갓세르 신경절 고주파 열응고술 후 발생한 급성 세균성 수막염
이근무 ( Kun Moo Lee ),안도건 ( Do Gun An ),김영환 ( Young Hwan Kim ),임세훈 ( Se Hun Lim ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),정순호 ( Soon Ho Cheong ),최영균 ( Young Kyun Choe ),김영재 ( Young Jae Kim ),신치만 ( Chee Mahn Shin ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.2
Since 1920, when Harvey Cushing first used radiofrequency in electrosurgery, the procedural technique has developed rapidly. Even though this procedure is minimally invasive and safer than other neurodestructive procedures, it is still not free of complications. A 72-year-old female patient had constant facial pain, despite several operations and radiotherapies for her maxillary cancer. The region innervated ophthalmic branch and maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve was involved, with radiofrequency procedure of the gasserian ganglion for pain control also performed at the area. After the procedure, her blood pressure became elevated and she complained of a headache, and six hours later, she became irritable and distracted. Bacterial meningitis was diagnosed by a spinal tap, with third-generation cephalosporin administered as the treatment. The following day, her symptoms had improved and the pain was also reduced. She was discharged from hospital after 14 days, without any sequelae. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 249~51)
임상연구 : 마취 방법이 대장 절제술 후 장운동에 미치는 영향
이근무 ( Kun Moo Lee ),배우종 ( Jong Woo Bae ),김영환 ( Young Hwan Kim ),임세훈 ( Hoon Se Lim ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),정순호 ( Soon Ho Cheong ),최영균 ( Young Kyun Choe ),김영재 ( Young Jae Kim ),신치만 ( Chee Mahn Shin ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.6
Background: Gastrointestinal bowel movements are reduced by opioid-based anesthesia. Remifentanil is commonly used as total intravenous anesthesia. This study compared to the effect of various anesthetic methods on gastrointestinal bowel movement after colon surgery. Methods: Ninety patients were allocated randomly into three groups. Thirty patients received intraoperative inhalation anesthesia (desflurane + N2O, Group I), 30 patients received intraoperative total intravenous anesthesia (propofol + remifentanil, Group II), and 30 patients received intraoperative epidural anesthesia (epidural lidocaine + propofol, Group III). All patients received postoperative epidural analgesia with a mixture of ropivacaine and morphine. The time to the first passage of flatus, hospital stay and visual analog pain scale were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in first passage of flatus among groups (Group I: 92.7 ± 19.6, Group II: 86.9 ± 19.4, Group III: 81.9 ± 12.8 hours, P = 0.063). There were no significant difference in the hospital stay and visual analog scale among the three groups. Conclusions: Total intravenous anesthesia with remifentanil did not reduce the gastrointestinal bowel movements compared with those of inhalation or epidural anesthesia. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 659~62)
편도절제술을 받는 소아에서 Sevoflurane 마취 후 각성흥분에 대한 Ondansetron의 영향
이근무 ( Kun Moo Lee ),강동화 ( Doug Hwa Kang ),이상은 ( Sang Eun Lee ),김영환 ( Young Hwan Kim ),임세훈 ( Se Hun Lim ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),정순호 ( Soon Ho Cheong ),최영균 ( Young Kyun Choe ),김영재 ( Young Jae Kim ),신치만 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.5
Remifentanil이 QT dispersion에 미치는 영향
이원진 ( Won Jin Lee ),김영환 ( Young Hwan Kim ),조광래 ( Kwang Rae Cho ),이상은 ( Sang Eun Lee ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),임세훈 ( Se Hun Lim ),이근무 ( Kun Moo Lee ),정순호 ( Soon Ho Cheong ),최영균 ( Young Kyun Choe ),김영재 ( 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.6
Background: QT dispersion (QTd) is an indirect measure of the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization and can be used as a risk factor for complex ventricular arrhythmias. We measured the effect of remifentanil on QTd and heart-rate corrected QT dispersion (QTcd). Methods: Sixty ASA class I and II patients, who were between 20 and 60 years old, and who were scheduled for general anesthesia, were studied. After the patient entered the operating room, a 12 lead EKG recording was taken and intravenous infusion of remifentanil was started. The infusion rate was 0.1 μg/kg/min in group 1 and 0.2 μg/kg/min in group 2. Another EKG recording was taken 10 minutes after infusion had started. Results: In both groups, QTd following remifentanil infusion was not significantly different than control values (76.6±23.3 ms vs 81.8±34.9 ms, P=0.459 in group 1; 70.7 ms±29.7 ms vs 73.7 ms±37.1 ms, P=0.734 in group 2). Neither was QTcd: (83.2 ms±25.2 ms vs 89.6 ms±36.2 ms, P=0.371 in group 1; 81.0 ms±35.2 ms vs 83.4 ms±40.9 ms, P=0.829 in group 2). Conclusions: Remifentanil infusion at a rate less than 0.2 μg/kg/min does not change QTd or QTcd. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57: 737∼41)
粘性度 및 密度測定에 依한 Dodecyle Pyridinium Chloride 水溶液의 第二 CMC에 關한 硏究
윤영원,이근무,Young Won Youn,Kun Moo Lee 대한화학회 1975 대한화학회지 Vol.19 No.5
Dodecyl pyridinium chloride(DPC) 水溶液의 粘性度 및 密度硏究로 이 溶液에는 第一 cmc 外에 第二 cmc가 存在함을 알 수 있었다. 水化된 미셀의 부피分率${\phi}_m$은 다음 式에 따라 算出하였다. ${\Pi}_{rm}=1+2.5{\phi}_m+14.1{\phi}_m^2{\cdot}{\phi}_m-C_m$ 曲線에서 ${\phi}_m$m의 增加率은 第二 cmc 近處에서 減少되고 또 密度測定으로부터 얻은 partial specific volume($\={v}$)도 第二 cmc 近處에서 급격히 減少되고 그以上의 濃度에서는 一定値를 維持함을 알았다. 이것은 미셀의 集合型의 變化 및 미셀과 結合하고 있는 반대이온의 減少로 因한 第二 cmc에서의 미셀構造變化에 依한 것이라고 생각된다. According to the viscosity and density studies of an aqueous solution of dodecyl pyridinium chloride (DPC) it was shown that the 2nd critical micelle concentration (2nd cmc) existed in the solution in addition to the 1st cmc. The volume fraction ${\phi}_m$ of the hydrated micelle was calculated by using the following equation: ${\Pi}_{rm}=1+2.5{\phi}_m+14.1{\phi}_m^2$ It has been found that the increment of ${\phi}_m$ in the ${\phi}_m$ vs. $C_m$ curve decreased at near the 2nd cmc. And the partial specific volume ($\={v}$) of DPC obtained from the density measurement also decreased rapidly at near the 2nd cmc and remains constant value above the 2nd cmc. This may be attributed to a change in the micelle structure at the 2nd cmc caused by a variation in the type of aggregation and by a decrease in the counterion binding by the micelle.