지류.섬유질 유물에 대한 대기유해가스($SO_2$, $NO_2$)의 영향

이규식,한성희,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Han, Sung-Hee 국립문화재연구소 1996 保存科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-

We exanmined the each effect of $NO_2$ and $SO_2$gas, the maincomponets of air pollutants, on the deterioration of 6 organic materials with Gasexposure cabinet. The organic materials were used 2 kind of papers(Korean paper, Oldbook paper) and 4 kind of textiles (Cotton, Silk, Hemp, ramie) in gas exposure experiments. In order to know how to change of physical conditions, the materials were exposed to 2000, 1000 ppm. h of $SO_2$dose, to 100 ppm. h of $NO_2$ dose at 65% RH. The color difference, tensile strength, elongation coeffient, mass reduction and fabric status of each materials were discussed the following below.1. The color difference of cotton and hemp was larger than that of silk and ramie in the presence of $SO_2$ gas. and the color difference of korean paper was less than that of the textile materials in the presence of $SO_2$ gas.2. The tensile strength of cotton fell suddenly at 100ppm.h of $SO_2$ dose and even became 56% of the unexposed cotton.3. The weight of 6 materials began to decrease in the presence of $SO_2$ gas.4. The tensile strength and elongation of the materials tended to decrease at 12.5ppm.h of $NO_2$ especially silk was the strongest tendency to decrease.5. Cotton, hemp and ramie were influenced by $SO_2$ gas more than by $NO_2$, but silk were influenced by $NO_2$ more thang by $SO_2$ at 10ppm.h of each noxious gas.

원각사지 십층석탑 오염물의 유기산 분석

이규식,한성희,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Han, Sung-Hee 국립문화재연구소 1995 保存科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

TEN-STORIED STONE PAGODA ON THE SITE OFWON-GAKSA(Temple) which is one of three marble pagodas in South Korea, were dated from the thirteenth year of the reign of King Sejo(1467). On the roof and surface of each the stories, there were large amount of the contaminants such as pigeon′s excretions, dust and environmental elements for a long time. The pH of contaminants is not acid, but is 7.2, neutral. To find the species of organic acidscontained in the contaminants and the degree of damaging for a marble pagoda, we analyzed the contaminants using GC-MSD method by the following procedures. Organic acids were extracted by saponifying whole contaminants. After Saponification, the organic acids were mathylated to increase their volatility upon subsequent GC-MSD analysis. The mathyl esters of the organic acids are extracted from the acidified aqueous solution. And the organic extracts were washed with adilute base solution. The washed extract were analyzed by GC(Hewlett Packard 5890)with a nonpolar capillary column(Crosslinked 5% Ph Me Silicone, $50×0.2㎜×0.33\mum$film thickness, USA) and Mass Spectrometric Detector(Hewlett Packard 5970B).As the result, it was found that 12 organic acids were the main compound in pagoda′contaminants, and the amount of organic acid were negligible.

목조건조물의 흰개미 모니터링 및 방제방법

이규식,정소영,정용재,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Jeong, So-Young,Chung, Yong-Jae 국립문화재연구소 2001 保存科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

The wooden building is mainly damaged by the termite which have an effect of the structure by making emptied inner part of wood. One class, Japanese termite, inhabits throughout Korea and is often detected. So the deterioration by termite attacking the wooden building needs to be controlled. Termites are over 2,800 species in the world, usually they inhabit in the tropical or subtropical region and don’t over winter in dormant condition. So their activity and distribution are chiefly restricted by temperature and humidity. The termite inhabiting in Korea is Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis Morimoto, which known to have an optimal temperature range at $12~30^{\circ}C$ and minimum temperature at $6^{\circ}C$ for activation. These temperatures correspond to the mean temperature($5.6^{\circ}C$~$25.8^{\circ}C$) from March to November and the activity time of termitein Seoul. In addition, as a result of environmental pollution by industrial development, the climate of Korea is getting warm. The increase of mean temperature in Korea has been $1.1^{\circ}C$ for the past seventy five years, so it is expected that the damage of wooden building by termite will increase gradually. Therefore, in order to protect wooden building from damages by termite, it needs not only development of new pest control methods, but also studies on the control of environmental factors having an effect on the activity and growth of termite. For the conservation of the large cultural properties such as the wooden building in the open air, it would be effective to use the methods of fumigation, insecticidal and antiseptic chemical treatment of wood materials, soil termiticideinjection treatment, and termite colony elimination system.

웹로그를 활용한 고속 하이브리드 해외여행 상품 추천시스템

이규식(Kyu Shik Lee),윤지원(Ji Won Yoon) 한국정보과학회 2016 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.22 No.12

해외여행시장은 매년 가파르게 성장하고 있는 산업중 하나이며 2016년 11조의 시장을 형성하고 있다. 거대한 시장형성과는 달리 해외여행상품 추천에 대한 국내연구는 전무한 상태이다. 많은 상품 추천 방법들이(협업적 필터링, 내용기반 필터링) 기존 구매 내역을 대상으로 하거나 혹은 상품의 유사성을 이용한 연구들이 주를 이루고 있다. 이러한 연구들은 연산할 데이터의 양이 많아질 경우 속도의 저하와 데이터가 충분히 확보되지 못한 상황 하에서는 좋은 성능을 보여주지 못하고 있다. 해외 여행상품의 특성상 1-2년에 한번정도의 구매패턴과 상품들의 가격대가 상대적으로 높으며, 동일 상품의 구매가 거의 없는 특징이 있기 때문에 일반적인 상품추천 시스템의 고객 프로파일링 방법으로는 적용에 한계가 있다. 이에 웹사용성(Web Usage Mining)을 통한 고객 프로파일링 기법, 데이터의 희소성 문제를 해결하기 위한 연관규칙 알고리즘과 규칙 기반 알고리즘을 결합하여 고속의 상품 추천시스템 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 연관규칙 방법에서 가장 많이 사용되어지는 Apriori 방법, 규칙기반 방법(Rule Base) 과 실제 여행사의 웹로그를 사용하여 46%라는 높은 추천 성능의 결과를 검증하였으며, 상품의 개수와 고객의 수가 상품추천 처리 속도에 영향을 주지 않으며, 실제 커머셜한 환경 하에서도 1초이내에 상품을 추천해줄 수 있는 결과를 보여준다. Outbound market is a rapidly growing global industry, and has evolved into a 11 trillion won trade. A lot of recommender systems, which are based on collaborative and content filtering, target the existing purchase log or rely on studies based on similarity of products. These researches are not highly efficient as data was not obtained in advance, and acquiring the overwhelming amount of data has been relatively slow. The characteristics of an outbound product are that it should be purchased at least twice in a year, and its pricing should be in the higher category. Since the repetitive purchase of a product is rare for the outbound market, the old recommender system which profiles the existing customers is lacking, and has some limitations. Therefore, due to the scarcity of data, we suggest an improved customer-profiling method using web usage mining, algorithm of association rule, and rule-based algorithm, for faster recommender system of outbound product.

저분자 키토산올리고당이 유방암 촉진효소에 미치는 영향

이규식 ( Kyu Shik Lee ),신진선 ( Jin Sun Shin ),남경수 ( Kyung Soo Nam ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2011 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The effects of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide (COS-L, MW<1,000 Da) on cancer promotion and metastasis in human breast cancer cell were investigated. In a concentration range of 0.05 to 3 mg/mL, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an important enzyme in prostaglandins biosynthesis from cellular arachidonic acids, and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) protein expression were down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. Transcription of aromatase which catalyzes the production of aromatic estrogen from androgen was also inhibited by COS-L. These results suggest that cancer promotion and metastasis of human breast cancer cell may be prevented by COS-L through down-regulation of COX-2 and ODC protein expression and aromatase transcription. Present investigation provides important information that COS-L should use as a cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic material in breast cancer.

ISDN 패킷 정합장치 구현

이규식(Kyu Shik Lee),홍충선(Choong Seon Hong),김용호(Yong Ho Kim),한효일(Hyo Il Han) 대한전자공학회 1991 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1991 No.4

청각장애인의 청각보상 전후 음성의 모음 음형대 비교연구(1)

이규식(Rhee Kyu-Shik),이필상(Lee Pil-Sang) 한국재활과학회 2004 難聽과 言語障碍 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of acoustic characteristics of hearing impaired children's sound and speech before and after offering auditory feedback. which used a hearing aid and a cochlear implant, and to find out the effects of auditory feedback on the changes. The participants were composed of 10 normal children, 10 children with a hearing aid on, and 10 children with a cochlear implant on. The conditions for the selection of participants were limited to children with no physical handicaps including hearing impairment, children .who lost hearing before language acquisition, children whose hearing loss was over 90 dB, and children who depended entirely on a hearing aid. Their age range was from 9 to 10 years old. In order to find out the changes of acoustic characteristics of hearing impaired children's sound and a cochlear implant made by auditory feedback., the study went through F1, F2, F2-F1 analyses in the sounds of /ah, uh, ih/ vowels through CSL, and compared them with a F0 analysis in the first and second syllabus speeches. The mean differences of F0, F1, F2, F2-F1, before and after putting on a hearing aid and a cochlear implant, were verified by means of a paired t-test. To compare the means of F0, F1, F2, F2-F1 between the group of a hearing aid and the group of a cochlear implant, a t-test was conducted. The results of this study were as follows; First, auditory feedback through the use of a hearing aid and a cochlear implant improves artimlation problem in the sounds of /ah, uh, ih/ vowels created by hearing impaired children. That is, after the auditory feedback, the location of tongue was modified by putting lower or bad<.ward their tongue for /ah/ vowel, higher or more backward for /uh/ vowel, and higher or more forward for /ih/ vowel. Since this phenomenon is considered to improve the articulation of well problem through the modification of the location of tongue by offering auditory feedback, there can be direct correlations between auditory feedback and acoustic characteristics of sound. Second, auditory feedback through the use of a hearing aid and a cochlear implant improves articulation problem in the healing impaired children's first and second syllabus speeches. That is, since the fact that the pitch gets lower means the improvement of artimlation problem, there can be direct correlations between auditory feedback and acoustic characteristics of speech. Finally, the types of auditory assistants offering auditory feedback do not influence the improvement of articulation problem in the sound and speech. That is, since no differences are shown between the group of a hearing aid and the group of a cochlear implant offering auditory feedback, the existence of auditory feedback can be more important for the improvement.

천연약재로부터 문화재보존용 방충방균제 개발연구

정용재,이규식,한성희,강대일,이명희,Chung, Yong-Jae,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Han, Sung-Hee,Kang, Dai-Ill,Lee, Myeong-Hui 국립문화재연구소 2001 保存科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

The germicidal and insecticidal properties of volatile components extracted from star anise(Illicium verum Hooker filius) and clove (Eugenia caryophyllata THUNBERG)were evaluated against five microorganisms and three insects for the purpose of developing biocidal active substances from medicinal plants. The volatile components of star anise and clove showed strong antimicrobial effect against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium funiculosum, Mucor hiemalis, Trichoderma viride, and Aureobasidium pullulans. The extracts of each medicine also showed insecticidal effects against Sitophilusoryzae L., Lyctus linearis GOZE, and Reticulitermes spertus kyushuensis Morimoto. Fumigant toxicities to adult insects were determined. In the case of fumiganttoxicity, the extract of star anise showed 100% mortality against R. spertus, S.oryzae, and L. linearis at rates of $2.5\mu\ell$, $50\mu\ell$, $250\mu\ell$/filter paper, respectively but showed no killing effects by clove. The volatile components of star anise and clove were investigated by means of GC/MS. The main constitute, anethole among 20components from star anise and eugenol among 9 components from clove were identified. The mixture of star anise and clove as the volume ratio of 2 : 1 showed higher properties for antimicrobial and insecticidal effect than each volatile component. A. niger was inhibited by the mixture(125ml/$m^3$) for up to 10 days of exposure. Also, from the result of observing state change of organic materials by volatile extracts of star anise and clove, volatile extracts effects have no effect on natural organic materials of organic cultural properties and can be used as biological control agent. As research contents as above, the insecticidal and germicidal agents from star anise and clove and the mixture of them were more efficient and high level to prevent biological damage for conservation of organic cultural properties. So they may be used in new development of biologicalinsecticidal and germicidal agents for conservation of cultural properties.

분자생물학적 방법을 통한 출토인골의 개인 동정-사천 늑도 출토 인골과 민통선 민묘 출토 인골을 중심으로

서민석,이규식,정용재,이명희,Seo, Min-Seok,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Chung, Yong-Jae,Lee, Myeong-Hui 국립문화재연구소 2001 保存科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

DNA typing is often used to determine identity from human remains. Recently, the molecular biological analysis of ancient deposits has become possible since methods for the recovery of DNA conserved in bones or teeth from archaeological remains have been developed. In the field of archaeology, one of the most promising approaches is to identify the individuals present in a mass burial site. We performed nuclear DNA typing and mitochondrial DNA sequencing analysis based on PCR from a Korea ancient human remain excavated from Sa-chon Nuk-island and civilian access controlline(CACL). A femur bone were collected and successfully subjected to DNA extraction, quantification, PCR amplification, and subsequently typed for several shot tandem repeat(STR)loci. 4 types of STR systems used in this study were CTT multiplex(CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01), FFv multiplex(F13A01, FESFPS, vWA), Silver STRⅢ multiplex(D16S539, D7S820, D13S317), and amelogenin for sex determination. This studies are primarily concerned with the extraction, amplification, and DNA typing of ancient human bone DNA samples. Also, it is suggestive of importance about closely relationship between both fields of archaeology and molecular biology.

해인사의 흰개미 모니터링 및 방제 방안

정소영,이규식,정용재,Jeong, So-Young,Lee, Kyu-Shik,Chung, Yong-Jae 국립문화재연구소 2002 保存科學硏究 Vol.23 No.-

There are several methods of pest control for the prevention of wooden cultural properties from damages caused by insects, especially termites. Those are as follows; physical control, chemical control, biological control, and integrated pest management. In Korea, we primarily use mvestigation of monitoring, fumigation, treatment of insecticidal and antiseptic chemicals, soil termiticide treatment, and termite colony elimination system. As damages by termites were detected at Eunghyanggak and Saundang of Haeinsa temple in June, 1998, we carried out monitoring with wooden device, in order to investigate damages of wooden building by termite and paths of termite invasion. According to the result of investigation of monitoring from1999 to 2002, we found that termites were inhabiting continually at forests around Haeinsa and that wooden buildings such as Saundang, Cheonghwadang were damaged by termites. So we thought that control methods such as soil termiticide treatment and termite colony elimination system would be effective. Especially, to investigate efficacy of termite colony elimination system, we carried out efficacy test of termite colony elimination system in Jongmyo during 17 months(2000.7.~2001.11.). The result of efficacy test showed that termite colony elimination system eliminated termite colonies gradually(over 12 months from installation of colony elimination system to elimination of termite colony).