목조문화재의 원형보존을 위한 충해 방제방안

이규식,정소영,정용재,Lee, Kyu-Sik,Jeong, So-Young,Chung, Yong-Jae 국립문화재연구소 2000 保存科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-

The cultural properties are damaged by various causes according to the characteristics of material, the condition of preservation, and the period of time. Especially, biodeterioration makes lots of damages in organic properties than inorganic ones. The damages of wooden cultural properties by insects usually are caused by the three orders; Isoptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera. As the result of investigation on the state of 141 buildings of wooden cultural properties in 1999, some of them were damaged by many kinds off actors; wasp, powder post beetle, cigarette beetle, termite, decay, and physical cracking. And it was found that the patterns of damages were related to species-specific habits of insects. There are several methods of pest control for the prevention of wooden cultural properties from damages caused by insects. Those are as follows; physical control, chemical control, biological control, and integrated pest management. When insects and fungi were detected at the wooden buildings, the fumigation is best treatment to stop biodeterioration. And then, wood materials also need to be treated with insecticidal and antiseptic chemicals to avoid a reinfestation, because the fumigant is volatile. The six commercial chemicals which are applied to the insecticidal and antiseptic treatment of wooden cultural properties were purchased to test their abilities. According to the comparative results of efficacy of them in laboratory, chemical D showed excellent efficacy in all items, including antiseptic and termiticidal items. The goal of these pest controls is to protect wooden buildings from insects and microorganisms. The most effective method used currently is chemical control(fumigation, insecticidal and anticeptic chemical treatment), but it has to be treated periodically to control pest effectively. Recently environmentally-friendly control methods such as bait system or biological treatments are replacing traditional barrier treatments using large amounts of chemicals. Especially, termite is a social insect which makes a colony. Although a building with fumigation treatment is safe for a while, once attacked building has a risk of damage by reinfestation of termite. Therefore, to control termites from damaged building, the entire colony including reproductives(queen and king) and larvae around buildings must beeliminated. Bait system can be used as a preventive measure in early detection of them through termites colony monitoring and baiting. It would be the most effective for termite control if bait system would be used together with the chemical controls.

출토 인골의 유전자분석-나주 복암리 3호분 옹관 인골을 중심으로

이규식,정용재,한성희,이명희,한면수,최동호,Lee, Kyu-Sik,Chung, Yong-Jae,Han, Sung-Hee,Lee, Myong-Hee,Han, Myun-Soo,Choi, Dong-Ho 국립문화재연구소 1999 保存科學硏究 Vol.20 No.-

We have analyzed the allele and genotype frequencies from 10 fractions of ancient human skeleton in 3 pieces of Jar coffin excavated from Naju Bokamni3rd tumulus by PCR amplification, high resolution polyacrylamide gelelectorphoresis and silver staining. We could isolate human genomic DNA from 3 bone fractions but the rest of them could not be used as materials due to being decayed. We could detect sex determination as male and 3 genotypes of STR system, HUMTHO1, HUMTPOX and HUMC5F1PO from the bone fraction of left side in Jar coffin 3 and see the slightly reaction suggesting the sex as male from the bone fraction of the left side in Jar coffin 2 and female from the right side in Jar coffin 3.We have also analyzed the genotype frequencies of mitochondria from the bone fractions of the left side and the right side in jar coffin 3, respectively. From the result of indetifiying at nucletide position between 16018 and 16378of the base of hyper variable region(HV1) in the control region, We can presume that the both bones have the same maternal inheritance.

이중 수신기를 위한 주파수 적응형 3D 자기공진 무선전력전송 시스템

이규식(Kyu-Sik Lee),김창우(Chang-Woo Kim) 한국통신학회 2018 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6

전송효율 음영영역 제거를 위한 3D 스캐닝 자기공진형 무선전력전송 시스템

이규식(Kyu-Sik Lee),김창우(Chang-Woo Kim) 한국통신학회 2017 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

건강보험의 이념과 의료정책

이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2018 보건행정학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Health care has two different facets. One is commodity and another is a right of human being. Health care as a commodity is utilized by demand approach in market. Demand is determined by economic factors such as price and income. From the last third of the 19th century until the early 1920s, priority of sickness insurance was replacing the income that workers lost as a result of illness and injury. By the 1920s, the capacity of applied biological and medical science was remarkably developed. Development of medical science stimulated the cost of medical care, and the burden of increased medical care cost required new role of medical care security system. In 1942, Beveridge report was published in United Kingdom, and health care was considered as a right of human being. In 1948, United Nations declared heath care as a right in the Universal Declaration of Human Right. In most countries introduced new medical care security policy based on health care as a right. The viewing health care as a commodity must be shifted toward need based care as a right. Need were understood to rest on demographic, epidemiological, scientific, and medical knowledge factors. Bring needed care to the population could best be achieved institutionally by a hierarchy of provider organizations, guided by planning bodies, which would provide comprehensive benefits. In Korea, health care in social health insurance (SHI) is considered as a commodity not a right. However, health policies under SHI must be need approach based on health care as a right. Mismatch between health policies and ideology of SHI made big troubles. It is important to realize ideology of SHI for good health policies.

한방의료 이용실태에 관한 조사 연구 -전국 한의원 이용자를 중심으로-

이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ),조경숙 ( Kyung Sook Cho ) 한국보건행정학회 1999 보건행정학회지 Vol.9 No.4

의료보장정책의 형성과 문제점

이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2000 보건행정학회지 Vol.10 No.1

입력단 스위칭을 이용한 폴디드 캐스코드 구조의 UWB CMOS 단측파대 쿼드러쳐 믹서 설계

이규식(Kyu-Sik Lee),김창우(Chang-Woo Kim) 한국통신학회 2019 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.6

의료수요(醫療需要)의 가격(價格) 및 소득탄력도(所得彈力度): 직장(職場) 공(公)·교(敎) 의료보험(醫療保險) 적용자(適用者)의 외래수요(外來需要)에 관하여

이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건사회연구원 1985 保健社會硏究 Vol.5 No.2

The purposes of this study are twofold: (1) to examine the demand behavior for medical services of the insured, and (2) to investigate the equity aspect of medical care utilization among the insured based upon demand analysis. Data used in this analysis are insurance claims and premium data from 2,144 insured households of the government employees and school teachers and 4,208 insured households of the industrial establishment insurance in Seoul City area. These data do not contain information about time consumption and quality attributes in the demand for medical care. Therefore, the traditional Marshallian demand approach is used in this study. The major determinants of demand for medical care are the severity of illness, family size, disposable earned income, price of medical care, the ratio of children to family size and the habit of medical care consumption. The importance of the severity is rather natural since the person who has serious symptoms needs more medical care. The relationship between family size and the quantity demanded is positive. The child age group (0-4) consume more medical care, while the aged (65 and over) do not significantly consume more medical care in Korea. Since the history of medical insurance system is relatively short in Korea, the habit of visiting drug stores and Chinese herb medicine persists for some time even after medical insurance is purchased. We can not find any evidence that females consume more medical care compared to males. The income elasticities of this study range from 0.3 to 1.4. They are higher than the figures in the previous analyses for developed countries. The high income elasticities imply that income barriers to medical care consumption still remain in Korea. The price elasticities vary from -0.02 to -0.4, which are lower than those in the literature reviewed. Especially, when we consider that estimated price elasticities are upwardly biased due to the case and quality mix of price variable, the real elasticities would be lower than the estimated price elasticities. From the above estimation results, we can conclude that the high income group, while paying relatively larger premiums, consumes more medical care and gets more benefits from the insurance. The benefits of insurance come not from the premium but from the consumption of medical care. As a consequence, the high income group benefits from the pooled resources more than the group`s contribution. The suggestions obtained from this study for the equitable medical insurance system in Korea include two devices. First, the premium rate could be revised from a fixed to a progressive proportion of the wages. Second, the coinsurance (copayment portion of patient) could be lowered for the low income group.

국민의료비(國民醫療費) 증가(增加)와 그 억제책(抑制策)

이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건사회연구원 1986 保健社會硏究 Vol.6 No.2

Over the past 30 years expenditure on health care has been rising faster than Gross National Product in rearly all industrialized countries. To call the sustained record of growth achieved by the health care industry a”problem”may seen peculiar in an economy where growth ordinary is a sign of success. The rapid growth of outlays for health care industry has become a problem, however, because of the interaction between the method we have developed to pay for it and the extraordinary rate of scientific advance. There is a sense that even if the high level of services provides some benefits, they cost more than they are worth. Finding a solution is difficult, for it will require something unfamiliar : the denial of some beneficial care to many accustomed to receiving it. Table 3 indicates that the rapid secular growth in aggregate health care expenditures during the 1970`s is not a uniquely Korean phenomenon. The experience has been shared by most other industrialized countries-certainly by America, Sweden, France, West Germany and Japan. From the mid 1970`s, most nations began attempts to curb the growth in expenditures through overt public intervention. The form of this intervention has varied from country to country, in line with the institutional framework through which such intervention must work. The explicit or implicit goal of these policies, however, has been identical : to peg the growth of national health expenditures to the growth of gross national product, at least over the long run. Policies to reduce aggregate expenditure on health care have been aimed at various combinations of controlling (a) total health-care expenditure, (b) utilization of health services, (c) prices of health service, and (d) premiums of health insurance. Policy makers in many countries seem to have despaired long ago of the feasibility of preserving classical market mechanisms for socialized commodities, that is, commodities to which individuals have a right regardless of income. West Germany has actually introduced a formal cost-containment law-the Federal Health Care Cost Containment Act of 1977. From the experience of the abroad, we can take considerable lessons.