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THE SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION FOR FLOWS ON TVS-CONE METRIC SPACES
이경복 충청수학회 2022 충청수학회지 Vol.35 No.1
We study some properties of nonwandering set $\Omega(\phi)$ and chain recurrent set ${\rm CR}(\phi)$ for an expansive flow which has the POTP on a compact TVS-cone metric spaces. Moreover we shall prove a spectral decomposition theorem for an expansive flow which has the POTP on TVS-cone metric spaces.
THE PSEUDO ORBIT TRACING PROPERTY AND EXPANSIVENESS ON UNIFORM SPACES
이경복 충청수학회 2022 충청수학회지 Vol.35 No.3
Uniform space is a generalization of metric space. The main purpose of this paper is to extend several results contained in [5, 6] which have for an expansive homeomorphism with the pseudo orbit tracing property(POTP in short) on a compact metric space (X, d) for an expansive homeomorphism with the POTP on a compact uniform space (X, U ). we characterize stable and unstable sets, sink and source and saddle, recurrent points for an expansive homeomorphism which has the POTP on a compact uniform space (X, U ).
침윤성 자궁경부암 398 예 ( Ib - Iib ) 에 대한 근치적 자궁적출술의 임상경험
이경복,김기태,김영삼,김현찬,정대훈,김영남 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2000 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.11 No.4
Objective: To survey the clinical features, complications, prognostic factors and Five-year survival rates of 398 patients with invasive cervical cancer(stage Ib-IIb), subjected to radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Methods: Medical records and pathologic reports were reviewed retrospectively on 398 cases, diagnosed and operated on during the period of Jan. 1988 - Dec. 1998. Five-year survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Wilcoxon test. Results: Of the 398 cases, 285 were in stage Ib(71.6%), 58 in stage IIa(14.5%), and 55 in stage IIb(13.8%). The mean age of patients was 48 ±9.9 years. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 200 patients(50.2%), Adjuvnat radiotherapy in 160 patients(40.2%) postoperatively. Operative complications occured in 121 patients(30%). Massive blood loss and bladder dysfuction were frequent complications(11.3% and 10.3%, respectively). Others were urinary tract infection(9.3%), wound infection(7.5%), lymphocyst(3.5%) and urinary tract fistula(0.7%), respectively. The Five-year survival rates for stage Ib, IIa, and IIb were 84.2, 82.8%, and 75.8%, respectively. Factors that affect the Five-year survival rates were cell type(small cell Vs other, P=0.0146), tumor size(≤3㎝ Vs $gt;3㎝, P=0.0425), depth of invasion( ≤5㎜ Vs $gt;5㎜, P=0.0007), response of chemotherapy(poor response Vs other, P=0.0001), LN metastasis(1 Vs 2 Vs more, P=0.0001). Conclusion: Accumulating the clinical experience, we could improve results, reduce complications and speculated that the survival rates could be improved by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or adjuvant postoperative radiotherpy. Prospective randomized trials are needed to evaluate our approach and to be compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy to definite its precise role in locally advanced cervical cancer.
Lane-following Method for High Speed Autonomous Vehicle
이경복,한민홍 한국자동차공학회 2008 International journal of automotive technology Vol.9 No.5
This paper presents a steering control method for lane-following in a vehicle using an image sensor. With each image frame acquired from the sensor, the steering control method determines target position and direction, and constructs a travel path from the current position to the target position either as an Arc-path or S-path. The steering angle is calculated from the travel path thus generated, and the vehicle follows the travel path via motor-control. The method was tested using a vehicle dubbed as KAV (Korea Autonomous Vehicle) along an expressway (Seoul Inner Beltway) trajectory with a variety of radii (50m ~ 300 m) while traveling at a speed of 60 km/h to 80 km/h. Compared with an experienced human driver, the method showed little much difference in performance in terms of lane-center deviation. The proposed method is currently employed for high speed autonomous driving as well as for stop and go traffic.
급성 뇌경색 환자에서 심초음파 좌심방 확장소견과 입원 중 심방세동 발견의 연관성
이경복,김지선,노학재,안무영,박병원,현민수 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2015 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.21 No.2
Objective: Longstanding hypertension lead to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with a development of a left atrial enlargement (LAE) which may result in vulnerability to atrial fibrillation (AF). Paroxysmal AF is usually unrevealed in the acute period of ischemic stroke, but is crucial for anticoagulation to prevent recurrent stroke. This study was aimed to investigate the frequency of LAE and the predictors of paroxysmal AF during the hospitalization of acute ischemic stroke. Methods: A total 1,643 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were registered in between January 2005 and December 2014. The subjects who had AF before index stroke or at admission were excluded. The clinical and echocardiographic findings of all patients were reviewed. Paroxysmal AF were detected on electrocardiography of Holter monitoring during hospitalization. LAE were defined as LA diameter larger than 44 mm in echocardiography. We compared the frequency of LAE between the patients with or without AF. Logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the echocardiographic parameters for prediction of paroxysmal AF. Results: The mean age was 67.3 and the male was 55.6%. AF were detected in 123 (11.4%) of LAE(-) group but were detected in 102 (49.0%) in LAE(+) group. In logistic regression analysis, LAE significantly predicted for newly detected AF during hospitalization after adjusting covariates (odds ratio, 5.698; 95% confidence interval, 3.799-8.546; P<0.001). Conclusion: LAE was an independent predictor for AF during hospitalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Prolonged electrocardiography monitoring should be meticulously indicated for acute ischemic stroke with LAE to detect paroxysmal AF.
The Epidemiology of Fracture in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in Korea
이경복,이정곤,김범준,김준엽,이건주,한문구,박종무,강규식,조용진,박홍균,홍근식,박태환,이수주,오미선,유경호,이병철,차재관,김대현,김준태,이준,홍정호,손성일,김동억,최재철,여민주,김욱주,채재은,이지성,이준영,배희준 대한의학회 2019 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.34 No.22
Background: Patients who survive an acute phase of stroke are at risk of falls and fractures afterwards. However, it is largely unknown how frequent fractures occur in the Asian stroke population. Methods: Patients with acute (< 7 days) ischemic stroke who were hospitalized between January 2011 and November 2013 were identified from a prospective multicenter stroke registry in Korea, and were linked to the National Health Insurance Service claim database. The incidences of fractures were investigated during the first 4 years after index stroke. The cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated by the Gray's test for competing risk data. Fine and Gray model for competing risk data was applied for exploring risk factors of post-stroke fractures. Results: Among a total of 11,522 patients, 1,616 fracture events were identified: 712 spine fractures, 397 hip fractures and 714 other fractures. The CIFs of any fractures were 2.63% at 6 months, 4.43% at 1 year, 8.09% at 2 years and 13.00% at 4 years. Those of spine/hip fractures were 1.11%/0.61%, 1.88%/1.03%, 3.28%/1.86% and 5.79%/3.15%, respectively. Age by a 10- year increment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–1.30), women (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.54–1.97), previous fracture (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.54–1.92) and osteoporosis (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.27–1.63) were independent risk factors of post-stroke fracture. Conclusion: The CIFs of fractures are about 8% at 2 years and 13% at 4 years after acute ischemic stroke in Korea. Older age, women, pre-stroke fracture and osteoporosis raised the risk of post-stroke fractures.