재활용 선별 잔재 쓰레기 처리 문제

이경규,Lee, Gyeong-Gyu 한국자원재생재활용연합회 2004 재활용회보 Vol.3 No.-

일제강점기 신여성과 일본유학에 관한 고찰

이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본근대학회 2017 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.58

일제 강점기 초기에는 이전 시기에 있었던 근대에 대한 동경과 선망이 상당히 영향을 미치는 가운데, 일본 유학생들의 활동을 통해서 일본에서 받아들인 근대를 경험하게 되었다. 그러나 일본 역시 서구의 문물을 받아들이기에 급급하던 상황이었기 때문에, 강점기 조선에 이입된 근대는 전통적 일본이 아닌 서구식 근대 일본이었다. 1920년대 조선의 많은 신여성들이 일본 유학을 경험하고 있기 때문에, 일본 신여성 운동 역시 조선의 신여성 운동에 끼친 영향은 상당했을 것이다. 그러므로 일본의 신여성 운동에 경제적으로 상류층 여성이 참가했던 것과 마찬가지로 조선의 신여성 운동도 일본에 유학한 소수의 엘리트 여성그룹이 주도했다고 볼 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 제한적이기는 하지만, 시간이 흐르면서 신여성들의 해외유학은 일본유학에 그치지 않고 미국이나 유럽 등의 서구로 확산되었다. 그리고 이들 신여성들은 봉건적인 구습을 과감히 타파하고 그 당시 사회가 요구하는 여권신장 운동, 남녀평등을 위한 여성해방 운동에 적극적으로 참여하는 여성으로 정의되었다. 신여성은 시부모에게 잘 봉양하고 남편에게는 절대 복종하는 현모양처의 입장에서 자유평등과 자유연애를 주장하는 여성상, 즉 여권존중과 여성독립 등을 외치는 새로운 여성상에 대한 담론으로 이어졌다. 따라서 이전의 봉건적인 시대와는 전혀 다르게 사회적인 역할도 강조되었다. 여성의 사회적인 역할이 강조되었다는 점은 남성과의 관계 속에서 시작되는 어머니, 아내, 며느리와 같은 가족 공동체적인 사고방식에서 벗어나, 개별적인 주체와의 관계 속에서 서로 독립 주체로서의 자기 자신을 찾게 되었다는 것을 의미하는 것이었다. Korea in the early colonial period first came to experience Japan’s modernity thanks to the socioculturally vigorous activities of those previously educated in Japan who, while studying there, had then been influenced considerably by Japan’s yearning and envy for modernist movement that started to emerge from Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, given such a situation that Japan was also quite busy adopting in a passive manner a plethora of Western/European culture and values, the modernity infused into colonial Korea turned out to be that of westernized modern Japan, not of the traditional one. Considering that a majority of the Korean New Women (Sin yosong) in the 1920s experienced studying abroad in Japan, the New Women’s movement in Japan must have made an considerable impact on the equivalent one in colonial Korea. It can thus be assumed that a select group of elite women educated in Japan played a leading role in colonial Korea’s New Women’s movement, just as active participants in Japan’s New Women’s movement consisted mainly of women of the upper and upper-middle classes. And with the passing of time did the New Women’s preferred study-abroad destinations become gradually - though very occasionally - expanded into Western countries including the United States and some in Europe, away from Japan as the hitherto all-time popular destination for them to study abroad. The “New Women” in this period were defined as those willing to challenge feudalistic, male-dominated traditions and customs of the past, thereby actively participating in the women’s liberation movement aimed at promoting women’s rights demanded by the then society and gender equality. And this new definition of women enabled the discourse on a newer concept or image of women to emerge naturally in this period, that is, the image of those who admirably uphold freedom, equality and free love into which it developed from that of traditional hyonmoyangcho (wise mother and good wife) socially demanded to look after her in-laws and continue to stay subservient to her husband. It was therefore a newer social role that became more and more stressed to women in this new period, completely different in character from that socioculturally demanded to them in the previous “old and traditional” period. Which also means that they began to identify themselves individually as an independent entity formed in multifarious day-to-day relationships with other similar entities, away from the idea of them perceived collectively as part of the family-centered “depdendent” traditional relationships they formed with the male as mothers, wives and daughter- in-laws.

일제강점기 여성교육과 가정개량 담론에 관한 일고찰

이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본근대학회 2021 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.71

본 연구는 일제강점기의 잡지와 신문에 나타난 여성교육과 가정개량에 관한 담론을 정리하고 이러한 담론이 어떻게 형성되어 갔는지에 대해 살펴보았다. 여성해방을 다룬 신문과 잡지 기사들은 여성들이 처한 상황에 대한 부당함을 폭로하면서 이러한 불평등한 문제들이 개선되어야 한다고 주장하고 있다. 여성도 남성과 같이 민주주의에 입각한 사회 구성원 주체로서의 참정권과 생존권이 보장되어야 하며, 현모양처 교육보다는 남녀평등과 인격주의에 입각한 창조적인 여성 교육이 이루어져야 한다고 주장한다. 전통적인 현모양처 교육은 남성 우월 의식에서 기반한 남성 본위의 여성 교육이라는 점을 지적하고 여성의 지위 향상을 위한 남녀평등과 여권신장을 기반으로 하는 여성 본위의 교육으로 개량되어야 한다고 주장하고 있다. 구시대의 인습을 타파하기 위해서는 여성 본위의 교육이 매우 중요하다는 점을 강조하면서 이러한 여성 교육을 통해서 여성 본위의 가정개량이 필요하다는 담론이 형성해가고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 이러한 가정개량론의 근저에는 전통적인 풍습이나 구태의연한 인습에서 탈피하지 못하고 있는 조선의 의복문화, 음식문화, 주거문화 등 의식주 전반에 걸쳐서 새롭게 바뀌어야 하는데 이를 위해서는 반드시 여성 교육이 필요하며, 가정을 구성하는 남성과 여성 모두의 사고방식이 개량되어야만 실질적인 개량이 가능하다는 점을 전제로 하고 있다. 여성 교육과 더불어 의식주 개선 운동은 당시의 지식인들과 신여성 그룹이 가정개량 담론을 형성해 나가는데 있어서 기폭제적인 역할을 했다고 볼 수 있다. This study reviewed the discourses on women’s education and household reform handled in Japanese colonial era’s magazines and newspapers and looked at how they were formed. Newspaper and magazine articles dealing with women’s liberation reveal the injustice of women’s situations, arguing that these unequal issues should be addressed. It is argued that women, like men, should equally be guaranteed the right to vote and live as democratic members of society, and that rather than traditional education capitalizing upon the ideal for traditional good-wife-and-wise-mother womanhood, creative and progressive education should be furthered for women based on gender equality and personalism. It points out that such a conservative education for women as the former tends to be grounded basically in male superiority, thus arguing that the education for women should be first and foremost female-oriented based on gender equality and women’s empowerment to improve women’s status in society. Emphasizing the importance of education for women in order to break down the old customs, it can confirm that there develops the discourse on a need for female-oriented household reform. The basis of the household-reform theory lies in that it is necessary to educate women, and only when the mindset of both men and women constituting a whole family can be improved, in order to make an overall makeover of Joseon’s clothing, culinary and residential cultures which still stay unchanged in its old-fashioned mores and conventions. In addition to women’s education, the life-improvement movement played a role as a catalyst for promoting household-reform discourse among then intellectuals and new women.

중국 현대신유가의 성립배경에 관하여

이경규 ( Lee Gyeong Gyu ) 대구사학회 2004 대구사학 Vol.74 No.-

代表中國傳統文化的儒家思想歷史上受到嚴格的批評與試驗. 在魏晋南北朝和隋唐時代佛敎與道敎代替了儒家思想, 阿片戰爭發生以後儒家思想越來越面臨危機. 而因當時知識人受到西毆的衝擊, 因此他們爲了中國的近代化提出一些方案. 洋務派和變法派他們都提昌 `中體西用`, 但5·4新文化運動期的多數學者們提昌 `全般的反傳統主義` 他們利用西方的物質文明來改造中國人的倫理觀念, 而把西方的物質和宗敎文化要搬到中國. 但我們應該注意的不是東西文化中나個此較好的問題視10億以上的中國人能구適應的問題. 西方人不能完全受容中國文化一樣, 中國人也不能完全受容中國文化. 因此梁수溟認爲爲了解決中國的文化危機是支持中國傳統精神而傳統的基礎上建設新社會. 繼承從梁수溟開始的現代新儒家的傳統是港臺的新儒學者們. 1950年以來他們形成了現代新儒學學派,發表了 `宣言`. 他們主張返本改新興儒家的內聖外王, 而强調儒家心性學的本體論. 就是以儒家心性學的本體論爲中心來融合西方思潮(科學·民主的外王事業). 總體上, 我認爲現代新儒家的確繼承中體西用論. 改革·改放以後, 爲了解決中國社會的道德的危機注目了儒敎的復活. 最高指導者江澤民也積極的推動儒敎, 而强調孔敎可以防止不正與腐敗. 所以我覺得5·4以後出現的現代新儒家給我們的義意非常大.

체제전환국에서의 상사법개편의 기준

이경규(역) ( Lee Gyeong Gyu ),( Veronica Taylor ) 한국상사법학회 2003 상사법연구 Vol.22 No.1

미군정기 재일조선인 발행 신문의 문화 기사 고찰 -조선문화교육회 『文敎新聞』을 중심으로-

이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.63

The articles featured in the culture section of zainichi Koreans-published weekly ethnic newspaper the Bunkyo Shinbun(文敎新聞) cover mainly such topics as Korea’s traditional culture, customs and history; furthermore, its news items also focus on themes to do with the overall trends in international cultural sectors inclusive of arts, film, music, sports and so forth, as well as literature, music, arts and culture in Japan, China and Europe, respectively, in an effort to help its zainichi Korean readers be better informed of and then grasp them. As regards literature in particular, the Bunkyo Shinbun’s culture section endeavors with its thematically diverse pool of writers to introduce to its readers various genres of literary works which include, for example, fiction, poetry, essay, fairy tale and conte. In addition to them, it also provides the readers in such genres as film and sports with a miscellany of articles worth reading, all of which could be produced out of its considerably meticulous and in-depth planning executed in advance. And it has been ascertained that the newspaper-featured serial fictions deal with socioculturally rather sensitive issues with which zainichi Koreans have often been then faced, such as multifarious problems they used to encounter and experience as part of ethnic minority in their day-to-day lives, or the issue on interracial dating between zainichi Koreans and Japanese, let alone its vigorous effort to constantly excavate and secure as diverse a range of news contents as possible in foreign literature, culture and sports. Unlike other newspapers published by zainichi Koreans during the U.S. military governance of Japan, it has been found that the Bunkyo Shinbun provides its zainichi readership with a variety of culture-associated news contents planned and produced in a considerably systematic and balanced manner, at the same time as trying to avoid politico-ideological partiality frequently appeared in the overall editorial stance of its counterparts. the Bunkyo Shinbun has remained an ethnic Korean newspaper with its core mission of aspiring to establish a creative and true Korean culture whereby building Korea as a Kulturstaat(cultural state or civilized country) can be achieved, hence becoming contributable to the betterment of humanity in the long run. Nonetheless, the newspaper ended up being forced to cease publication due to its failure to overcome its limitations derived from financial difficulties, logistical difficulties in its stable securing and supply of news contents, and so forth. In this sense, it could be appraised that he Bunkyo Shinbun manifests limitations as well as possibilities as an ethnic newspaper published by zainichi Koreans-led cultural organizations.

디아스포라의 관점에서 다룬 재일한인분야 연구동향 분석

정영미 ( Jung Young-mi ),이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본근대학회 2018 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.62

재일한인의 형성은 한국의 일제 식민지시대와 같은 특수한 역사적 사실과 매우 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에, 국내 디아스포라 연구에서 특별한 위치에 있을 것으로 예상된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 디아스포라 관련 국내 학술 논문을 대상으로 기술통계 분석과 키워드 네트워크 분석(keyword network analysis)을 통해 재일한인 디아스포라 연구동향과 지식구조를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 KCI(Korea Citation Index) 데이터베이스에 수록되어 있는 디아스포라 관련 논문 1,367건의 서지데이타를 수집하였다. 논문의 생산추이, 연구 분야, 발행기관 등은 기술통계분석을 통해 파악하였다. 그리고 디아스포라 관점의 재일한인분야의 연구동향 및 지식구조를 파악하기 위해 수집된 논문의 저자 키워드를 추출하여 이들의 동시출현정보를 사용하여 키워드 네트워크 분석을 실시하였다. 본 논문에서 사용한 분석도구는 SPSS v23, KrKwic, UCINET 6이다. 추가로 디아스포라 관점에서 다룬 재일한인분야 최근 연구 특성과 동향을 살펴보기 위해 발행시기별 분석도 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 도출된 디아스포라 관점에서 다룬 재일한인분야 연구동향 및 지식구조는 해당 분야 연구자들에게 기존 연구들에 대한 통찰적인 분석과 조망을 제공할 것이고 나아가 이 분야의 미래 연구 주제 발굴에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. The study of Korean-Japanese is expected to be in a special situation in the study of diaspora in Korea because the formation process of Korean-Japanese is very closely related to the special historical facts such as the Japanese colonial period. Therefore, this study was to find out the knowledge structures and research trends of the field of Korean-Japanese diaspora by using descriptive statistical analysis and keyword network analysis with Korean articles. For this purpose, 1,367 diaspora related papers in KCI (Korea Citation Index) database were collected. The article production, research field, publishing organization, and so on were identified through descriptive statistics analysis method. In order to understand the research trends and knowledge structure of Korean-Japanese diaspora in Korea, we extracted the author keywords of the collected articles and conducted keyword network analysis through the co-occurrence information of these. The analysis tools used in this study were SPSS v23, KrKwic, and UCINET 6. In addition, we analyzed the period of publication of the article in order to examine recent research characteristics and trends in the field of Korean-Japanese diaspora. The research trends and knowledge structures of Korean-Japanese diaspora field that are derived as a result of this study will provide insightful analysis and perspective on the existing studies to the researchers in the field and can help to find future research topics in this field.

미군정기의 재일조선인 관련 신문 기사와 이데올로기 -4·24 한신교육투쟁을 중심으로-

이행화 ( Yi Heang-hwa ),이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.63

한반도는 해방 직후 미·소 군정 하의 분할 주둔으로 신탁통치에 대한 좌우익간의 찬반 갈등에서 비롯된 조국의 혼란스러운 상황과 더불어, 원래 같은 민족이라는 정서를 공유하고 있던 재일조선인 사회도 좌파 성향과 우파 성향으로 양분되어 서로 첨예하게 대립하게 된다. 이러한 상황 속에서 조선인학교 폐쇄령과 한신교육투쟁 등 재일조선인 사회에서는 충격적으로 받아들일 수밖에 없는 여러 사건들이 발생했다. 이에 당시의 미디어에서는 이들 사건에 대해 어떻게 보도되고 어떠한 관점에서 기사화되었는지를 살펴보고 당시의 재일조선인 사회에 관한 일면을 살펴보았다. 재일조선인 마이너리티 신문 중에서 좌파 성향의 「조련중앙시보」와 중도파 성향의 「문교신문」 기사는 한신교육투쟁을 둘러싼 해방된 민족으로서의 자주적인 민족교육을 옹호하는 내용이 주류를 이루고 있다. 좌파 성향의 「조련중앙시보」 기사 내용이 민족이라는 이념적 측면을 강조하고 있다면, 중도적 성향의 「문교신문」 기사는 교육의 자유라는 측면에서 좀 더 접근하고자 한 점에 차이가 있다고 볼 수 있을 것이다. 이에 반해 우파 성향의 「민주신문」 기사의 경우는 한신교육사건 발생 원인에 대해서 지나치게 배타적인 일본 정부와 대중의 희생을 통해서 무리하게 문제를 해결하고자 하는 조련이 도화선을 제공했다고 보고 있다. 이와 같이 재일조선인 마이너리티 신문 기사를 통해서 보면, 같은 민족의 재일조선인 마이너리티 사이에서도 이념적으로 서로 분열되고 극한 대립하는 혼란상을 극명히 보여주고 있음을 알 수 있다. The Korean peninsula in the postwar period has been engulfed in turmoil as interior confrontation between the left and the right came to exacerbate over a trusteeship of it under the divided occupancy of the U.S. and Soviet military governments. Against such a tumultuous geopolitical backdrop, zainichi Korean society, which had long been closely bound up with the shared sentiment of having the same ethnic roots as Koreans, could not escape either from a fierce dissonance brought about as a consequence of the left-right ideological divide engendered within it. It was, in this sense, the occurring amid this upheaval of a series of such events as, for example, the 1948 Hanshin Educational Struggle (阪神敎育事件), zainichi Koreans-mobilized nationwide demonstrations protesting the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ)’s decision on the closure of ethnic Korean schools that came as a great shock to zainichi Korean society overall. This article thus examines the ways in which ethnic Korean media at that time framed and reported those events, thereby exploring one of the facets reflective of then zainichi Korean society on the whole. Of zainichi Koreans-published ethnic minority newspapers circulated in postwar Japan, the respective news articles featured in the leftist Choryun Jungang-shibo (朝連中央時報) and the moderate Bunkyo-shimbun (文敎新聞) tended to be focused mainly on stories surrounding the Struggle which were in support of an independent ethnic education for zainichi Koreans as a liberated ethnicity. What could possibly distinguish between them lies in that, while the former’s articles were inclined to place a particular emphasis on their ideological aspects pertaining to ethnicity (minzoku), the latter’s on their overall editorial stance geared towards freedom of education. By contrast, those in the rightist Minsyu-shimbun (民主新聞) tended to blame for a root cause behind the occurrence of the Struggle Choryun’s rather excessive stance in favor of addressing it to the detriment of both ultra-exclusionary Japanese government and the public. It can therefore be found in light of this context that the news articles of these three ethnic Korean newspapers manifest a chaotic situation intricately intertwined with an ideological split and a consequent violent confrontation clearly visible even among zainichi Koreans.

식민도시 부산의 서점 연구

임상민(Lim, Sang-Min),이경규(Lee, Gyeong-Gyu) 동북아시아문화학회 2016 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.46

This study discussed changes in colonial city culture as a result of expanding Empire of Japan, especially regarding entrance of the Japanese publishing market to Korea and formation and change of readership in Busan, based on bookstore and new book advertisement sections in Busan Ilbo, which was a popular newspaper in Japanese language at that time. And, it aims to examine bookstores run by Japanese owners and analyze the history of publishing culture of Busan as a colonial city and a fluid and mixed cultural space during the 1910s. Although Japanese newspapers published in Busan during the early 1910s formed a wide readership based on local editions in Yeongnam, from the late 1910s, local editions disappeared and the newspapers began to establish their system with Busan as the central city. And, following this change, Busan Ilbo began to mainly print advertisements for bookstores in Busan from the late 1910s, although it used to advertise bookstores in Tokyo, Kyeongseong, an Daegu during the early 1910s. Also, while bookstore advertisements during the early 1910s mainly focused on simple introduction of the bookstores, educational books, and stationery, from the late 1910s, various book lists began to be printed in the advertisement section. This change was caused by almost three-fold increase of Japanese population living in Busan since the 1910s as well as diversification of profession and hometown of the Japanese who moved to the city. Following these changes, Japanese-owned bookstores in Busan began to introduce a wide range of books including pure literature rather than popular novels, which were main products earlier, and played an important role in forming intelligence of Busan as it changed from a commercial city to a cultural city.

근대 러시아 문학작품에 나타난 일·한 번역 비교 ─ 후타바테이 시메이의 『아이비키』와 김억의 『밀회』 번역을 중심으로 ─

현영미 ( Hyun Yeong-mi ),이경규 ( Lee Gyeong-gyu ) 한국일본어교육학회 2017 日本語敎育 Vol.0 No.81

This research aims to analyze translation styles/strategies applied and vocabularies used, respectively, in Shimei Futabatei`s Aibiki (아이비키), the first Russian-to-Japanese translation in a style called gembun itchi - unification of spoken and written language - of Russian writer Ivan Turgenev`s short story The Tryst (Свидание), and in Uk Kim`s Milhoe (밀회), the Japanese-to-Korean translation of Futabatei`s Aibiki. First, Futabatei appeared to try hard to follow Turgenev`s original text as literally and faithfully as possible in his earlier translation of The Tryst, particularly in specific reference to punctuation marks and sentence endings in it. On the contrary, it was found that there appeared in Milhoe some evidence of Kim`s attempt at translating based on Futabatei`s earlier version, whereas the way of his translating sentence endings in it did not appear to be affected by Futabatei`s at all. Second, the fact that the degree to which Chinese words are used in both Futabatei`s first and revised translations remained considerably low compared to other contemporary types of (literary) translation, implicitly points to the translator`s conscious attempt to actualize the idea of gembun itchi. In his translation Kim replaced with Chinese words terms regarded not only as important in context but as unfamiliar or less in use. Further, given that in translating did he actively reflect English terms and expressions non-existent in Futabatei`s original text, this demonstrates how Kim made an effort to develope and maintain his own creative and unique translation style by actively harnessing and referring to the English as well as Japanese translations of the Russian original. Last, it is interesting that Aibiki in its earlier version used the Japanese word jibun (自分) in translating first-person pronouns, given that it was the period during which both Korea and Japan have not established the use of third-person pronouns in literature yet; which shows the then Korean and Japanese translators` struggle to translate address terms.