일반논문 :덕곡(德谷) 조승숙(趙承肅)의 생애와 후대의 평가: 수양명월(首陽明月) 율리청풍(栗里淸風)

윤호진 ( Ho Jin Yun ) 연민학회 2015 淵民學志 Vol.23 No.-

덕곡(德谷) 조승숙(趙承肅)은 두문동(杜門洞) 72현(賢) 가운데 한 사람으로, 고려에 벼슬을 하다가 고려가 망하고 조선이 건국되자 벼슬을 그만두고 고향인 덕곡에 물러나 은거하였다. 그는 교수정(敎授亭)을 짓고 후학을 양성하며 평생 절조를 지켜 세상에 나아가지 않았다. 그는 과거에 합격하여 벼슬을 하기도 하였으며, 벼슬하는 여가에 포은(圃隱) 정몽주(鄭夢周)에게 나아가 성리학을 공부하기도 하였으나, 고려가 조선에 의해 망하자 불사이군(不事二君)의 정신으로 조선의 신하가 될 수 없다고 판단하고 고향인 함양의 덕곡(德谷)으로 내려가 그곳에 머물면서 후학을 양성하며 평생 은거하는 삶을 살았던 것이다. 그는 덕곡에서 금오산(金烏山)에 물러나 살았던 야은(冶隱) 길재(吉再)와 교류하는 한편 시를 지어 수창하기도 하였다. 당시에 지은 시가 모두 7수가 전하지만, 이 가운데에는 덕곡의 작품이 아닌 것이 있으며, 덕곡의 작품 가운에도 온전한 작품 이라고 하기에는 문제가 있는 것도 있다. 이처럼 시를 지어 자신의 마음을 표현하기 도 한 작품은 그리 많이 남아있지 않으나, 여기에는 그의 성정이 드러나 있으며, 사상이 나타나 보이는 것이다. 그래서 후대의 사람들이 그의 행적과 남겨진 작품을 토대로 하여 그를 높이 평가하였다. 그가 고려 왕실에 대한 절조를 굳게 지켰던 일을 주(周)나라가 은(殷)나라를 멸망시키자 수양산에 들어가 살았던 백이숙제(伯夷叔齊)에 비기고, 또 잘나가던 벼슬을 초개처럼 내던지고 고향에 가서 은거하였던 일을 벼슬을 미련 없이 버리고 고향 율리(栗里)에 은거하였던 도연명(陶淵明)에 비겼다. 그래서 성종의 명에 의해 제문을 지었다는 유호인은 그 글에서 덕곡을 “수양명월(首陽明月) 율리청풍(栗里淸風)”이라고 극히 칭송하였던 것이다. This thesis lookes into the life and thoughtof Dukgok Cho, Seungsuk, one of the 72 Doomoondong scholars during Goryeo Dynasty, who retreated back to his home village, Dukgok where he built Gyosujeong Pavilion to bring up younger disciples and did not come back out into the world, keeping fidelity throughout his lifetime when Gyoreo Dynasty collapsed. He accompanied a congratulating party going to China`s royal palace after he passed the state examination and got appointed to be the position of Jeojakrang, and he so much surprised Chinese people with his excellent writing offered to the king that the Chinese king reportedly offered him a Jageumudae(or purple/gold fish-patterned belt), and after he returned, the king of Chosun Dynasty offered him a aromatic wooden box with its name on it written by the King himself. During his official service, he learned Confucianism from Poeun Jeong, mongjoo and then when Goryeo Dynasty collapsed, he judged that he counldn`t be a subject of Chosun Dynasty due to his motto of ‘no service to two kings,` and came down to his home village, Dukgok, where he built Gyosujeong Pavilion and lived a hermit`s life, bringing up younger disciples. While he had academic intercourse with Yaeun Giljae, who retreated to Geumosan(mountain) from Dukgok, he wrote poems, among which a total of 7 poems are passed on, but some of them were not written by him and even those reportedly written by him face the question whether they were really composed by him. This way, his works expressing his heart are rare but they do express who he was and how he thought. Therefore, those in the following generations highly evaluated him on the basis of his behaviors and works left behind. They compared his fidelity to Goryeo Dynasty to Baekisukje, who retreated to Suyangsan(mountain) when Zhou Dynasty conquered Eun Dynasty and his life as an hermit in his hometown, discarding his office as if it were bits of straw to Tao Yan Ming, who gave up his office without reserve and retreated to his hometown, Eulri. For this reason, Yhu Ho-in, who reportedly wrote his funeral oration by order of King Seongjong extremely exulted him, saying, “Dukgok is like a bright moon over Suyangsan(mountain) and pristine wind in Eulri.” This evaluation of him compressively symbolizes Dukgok`s life and thought, clearly showing the following generations how he lived and who he was.

일반논문 : 김만중(金萬重)의 여성시(女性詩)에 드러난 군신(君臣)의 형상(形象)

윤호진 ( Ho Jin Yun ) 연민학회 2010 연민학지 Vol.14 No.-

김만중의 시에는 여성시가 상당히 많은 부분을 차지하고 있으며, 여성시 가운데에는 자신을 여성화하거나 여성을 대변하여 읊은 시가 많다. 뿐만 아니라, 구체적 여성인물에 대해 읊은 시도 있다. 음영의 대상이 된 여성 가운데에는 실존인물도 있으나, 전설로 전해지는 경우도 있으며, 실체가 명확하게 드러나지 않은 경우도 있다. 그런데 어떤 경우건 간에 김만중이 구체적 여성을 대상으로 읊은 시는 거의 대부분 그 여성에 대해 시를 지은 것이 아니라, 그 여성을 통하여 군신관계에 대한 자신의 생각을 우의적 혹은 비유적으로 담아내고 있다는 것이다. 여기에는 긍정적으로 평가를 받는 여성이 본받아야 할 모델로 등장하기도 하지만, 어떤 경우에는 부정적으로 인식된 여성이 경계의 대상으로 제시되기도 한다. 이 글에서는 김만중의 여성시 가운데 역사상 혹은 전설상의 구체적 인물을 시적 대상으로 삼은 것을 중심으로 하여, 김만중이 중국 고대 여성들을 통해 드러내고자 했던 군신관계의 형상을 크게 愛憎에 바뀌는 臣下의 運命으로 규정하고, 이어서 君王에의 변치 않는 節介를 드러낸 시, 臣下의 失節에 대한 警戒를 보인 시, 버림받은 臣下의 외로움을 노래한 시로 나누어 살펴보았다. The theory above is that Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are apparently seem like the poems about the love between men and women, but actually are the poems about sovereigns and subjects. In this point of view we looked through Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems. Former researches about Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems considered that only parts of the poems, which are about abandoned court ladies, represent the relationship between sovereigns and subjects. However, this thesis considered that the songs about an enduring wife, a refrained women and a spring dream like beauty are also about the relationship between sovereigns and subjects. In this thesis, through the through analyse we discoursed in three ways to explain the relationship between sovereign and subject. Firstly, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about subjects` destinies changed by the level of kings` love. Kim Man-jung wrote that when men and women first met each other, they didn`t care about whether they are ugly, or whether they are wise. Like this, when sovereigns first met subjects, sovereigns hired subjects as their abilities, but soon after time had passed sovereigns loved subjects by their feelings. This kind of thinking is found well at Kim Man-jung`s poem he wrote when Ban Cheb-yo expelled to Zhang Sin Palace after losing king`s love. Secondly, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about subjects` loyalties that would never change. Kim Man-jung wrote a poem called "Yi Sha Su Si" and in this poem four paragraphs are about a woman missing her husband far away. Kim Man-jung`s nephew Kim Jin-kyu commented that this song was written because Kim Man-jung worried about the political situation at that time. It means that Kim Man-jung compared subjects` loyalties as the integrities of women. Thirdly Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about the subjects that have to refrain their attitudes and keep their integrities. He expressed his opinion that subjects never lost their honors through the stories about Tack Mun Gun who followed a man blindly and a ordinally faithful woman became a Dae Urn Eu and Soe Si`s kisaeng life. Finally, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about the loneliness of abandoned subjects. Generally, we think that Musan female believer is a dream of all men, but in his poem Musan female believer yearned for the King Hui. And he also wrote a poem called "Sang Yang" which is about a court woman who could not help writing a letter on a leaf to the king because of the loneliness. Therefore, as we looked through above the reason that Kim Man-jung wrote lots of feminine poem is not that Kim Man-jung was a lascivious man or he was interested in ancient poems. It`s because he cared about those days` political situation and compared the relationship between sovereigns and subjects to the love of men and women.

저온 공정 PVP게이트 절연체를 이용한 고성능 플렉서블 유기박막 트랜지스터의 계면처리 효과

윤호진,백규하,신홍식,이가원,이희덕,도이미,Yun, Ho-Jin,Baek, Kyu-Ha,Shin, Hong-Sik,Lee, Ga-Won,Lee, Hi-Deok,Do, Lee-Mi 한국전기전자재료학회 2011 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, we fabricated the flexible pentacene TFTs with the polymer gate dielectric and contact printing method by using the silver nano particle ink as a source/drain material on plastic substrate. In this experiment, to lower the cross-linking temperature of the PVP gate dielectric, UV-Ozone treatment has been used and the process temperature is lowered to $90^{\circ}C$ and the surface is optimized by various treatment to improve device characteristics. We tried various surface treatments; $O_2$ Plasma, hexamethyl-disilazane (HMDS) and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) treatment methods of gate dielectric/semiconductor interface, which reduces trap states such as -OH group and grain boundary in order to improve the OTFTs properties. The optimized OTFT shows the device performance with field effect mobility, on/off current ratio, and the sub-threshold slope were extracted as $0.63cm^2 V^{-1}s^{-1}$, $1.7{\times}10^{-6}$, and of 0.75 V/decade, respectively.

봄의 절식과 한시

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2011 한맛한얼 Vol.4 No.1

가을의 절식과 한시

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2011 한맛한얼 Vol.4 No.3

예술속으로 - 이규보(李奎報)의 끽다생활(喫茶生活) 1 : 이규보는 무슨 종류의 차를 마셨나?

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2013 한맛한얼 Vol.6 No.1

예술속으로 - 차 문화 생활 : 이규보가 차를 마실 때 사용한 도구

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2013 한맛한얼 Vol.6 No.2

여름의 절식과 한시

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2011 한맛한얼 Vol.4 No.2

예술 속으로 - 겨울의 절식과 한시

윤호진,Yun, Ho-Jin 한국식품연구원 2011 한맛한얼 Vol.4 No.4

총계당(叢桂堂) 정지승(鄭之升)과 그의 한시(漢詩)

윤호진 ( Ho Jin Yun ) 우리한문학회 2008 漢文學報 Vol.18 No.-