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다국적 기업의 지속가능경영이 제품의 구매의도에 미치는 영향
‘Sustainability’ is the most important and fundamental purpose in corporate management, as ‘Sustainability Management’ becomes a major issue in the management style of companies as the corporate management environment changes rapidly and society becomes diversified. In addition, as the global economic crisis, various social problems, environmental pollution, and climate change related problems persist, expectations and demands for corporate social roles as members of society are increasing. Therefore, many companies around the world are seeking to shift to sustainable management that considers environmental management and social contribution as the perception that economic growth can not guarantee sustainable growth and development. So, how do domestic companies prepare for sustainable development like multinational corporations? It is necessary to establish the philosophy of value of new management and the mechanism of enterprise management based on it. In order to expect sustainable development, we must be reborn as a respected company. In other words, the pursuit of such sustainability management strategies by multinational corporations is ahead of domestic companies. In order to sustain sustainable domestic companies, it is necessary to achieve sustainable development by improving economic strategy, environmental strategy and social strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the pursuit of sustainability management on the purchase intention of the product by examining the theoretical background through literature research and previous research. Based on the TBL(Triple Bottom Line) of sustainability management, the independent variables were divided into three categories : economic strategy, environmental strategy, and social strategy. In terms of economic strategy, efficiency is derived as independent variable. In terms of environmental strategy, environmental protection and energy management are derived as independent variables. In terms of social strategy, consumer protection and ethical management are derived as independent variables. In order to create value, we tested the purchase intention as a dependent variable with trust and corporate image as parameters. The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the hypothesis that the factors of efficiency, environmental protection, energy management, consumer protection and ethical management of multinational corporations have a positive effect on trust, the factors of sustainability management strategy are trust Positive effects. Second, the hypothesis that the efficiency of sustainable management strategy of multinational corporation, environmental protection, energy management, consumer protection, and ethical management factors will have a positive impact on corporate image. As a result, environmental protection and energy management have a positive effect respectively. However, efficiency, consumer protection, and ethical management were not significant. Third, as a result of analyzing the hypothesis that the factors of efficiency, environmental protection, energy management, consumer protection and ethical management of multinational corporations have a positive effect on purchase intention, However, efficiency and ethical management were not significant. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the hypothesis of the effect of trust and corporate image on the influence of the factors of efficiency, environmental protection, energy management, consumer protection and ethical management on the purchase intention of multinational corporations, Trust has a full mediating effect on the corporate image of ethics management of strategy, and partial mediating effects on all except this. As a result of this study, there are following strategic implications. First, products of multinational corporations pursuing sustainability management strategies have a positive effect on trust. Economic strategy is an essential element in the survival of corporations. The pursuit of environmental strategies to protect and preserve the environment, social contribution activities, and the pursuit of social strategies of ethical management are perceived by consumers. This will be a positive factor for the trust of the products. Second, the pursuit of efficiency, which is an economic strategy for the pursuit of sustainable management by multinational corporations, has no direct effect on consumers’ intention to purchase. However, these corporations are essential, fundamental, And concentrate on economic strategy. Third, the pursuit of ethical management of sustainability management did not directly affect consumers’ purchase intention, but it had a significant effect on corporate image and purchase intention through product trust. For example, ethically speaking, social contribution activities and transparent management will increase the trust of products in household goods companies, and will make them believe that they are safe and provide products that do not threaten the human body. It will be an important strategic asset that can boost non-financial performance. Therefore, ethical management and trust should be pursued at the same time, because multinational corporations pursue ethical management and intrinsic social activities that enhance product trust play a mediating role to consumers’ intention to purchase.
굵은골재로 제강슬래그를 이용한 콘크리트의 동결융해 저항성에 대한 연구
본 연구에서는 제강슬래그를 굵은골재로 활용하기 위한 기초적 자료를 제시하고자 제강슬래그와 부순돌을 각각 굵은골재로 사용한 두 가지 콘크리트에 대한 동결융해 저항성을 비교하였다. 동결융해 실험은 KS F 2456에 준하여 400싸이클까지 진행하였으며, 약 50싸이클 마다 중량과 압축강도를 측정하였다. 그 결과 제강슬래그 콘크리트의 압축강도는 0싸이클 대비 400싸이클에서 94.5 %로 감소하였지만, 부순돌 콘크리트의 압축강도는 400싸이클에서 91.2 %로 감소하였다. 또한 중량유지율의 경우 제강슬래그 콘크리트는 400싸이클에서 1.5%, 부순돌 콘크리트는 0.7 % 감소하였다. 본 연구의 범위 내에서 제강슬래그를 굵은골재로 사용한 콘크리트의 동결융해 저항성은 부순돌을 굵은골재로 사용한 콘크리트와 같이 우수하게 나타났다. 따라서 제강슬래그는 에이징 처리와 같은 팽창성으로 인한 불안정성을 해결한다면 콘크리트용 굵은골재로 충분히 활용 가능하다고 사료된다.
대동맥 주요 분지 입구에 걸쳐 설치한 스텐트의 신생내막증식에서 스텐트 구조가 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구
배경: 임상적으로 불가피하게 인접한 분지동맥을 가로질러 스텐트를 설치하는 경우가 빈번해지고 있다. 이때 분지의 협착이나 폐색, 혈전형성, 또는 원위부 색전이 발생할 가능성이 있음에도 불구하고 입구에 걸쳐 설치한 스텐트의 구조에 따른 내막 반응 차이에 대해서는 현재 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 목적 : 실험 동물의 대동맥 주요 분지에 걸쳐 설치한 자가팽창성 나이티놀 스텐트로 인하여 분지 동맥 입구에 발생하는 신생내막증식에 대한 스텐트 구조의 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 금속 세선을 이용하여 자가팽창성 혈관용 스텐트를 제작하기 위해 세선을 엮는 방식에는 대표적으로 세선을 서로 걸어주는 구조(type A)와 교차하는 구조(type B)가 있다. 본 실험을 위하여 굵기가 0.006 인치의 나이티놀 세선으로 한 스텐트에 두 가지 방식의 구조가 혼재하는 직경 12 mm 길이 8 cm의 자가팽창성 스텐트(Niti-M, Niti-D)를 제작하였다. 7마리의 건강한 잡종 견(몸무게 25-30kg)에 제작한 두 가지스텐트를 복강동맥, 상장간막동맥, 양측 신동맥의 입구에 걸쳐 복부대동맥에 설치하였다. 4마리에 Niti-M, 3마리에 Niti-D를 설치하였다. 스텐트를 설치하기 전, 직후, 그리고 2개월 후 디지털감산 혈관조영술을 시행하여 각 대동맥 주요 분지 입구의 협착정도를 평가하였다. 마지막 혈관조영술 직후 희생시키고, 대동맥을 적출하여 입체해부현미경으로 대동맥 분지 입구를 디지털 카메라를 이용하여 일정한 배율로 확대촬영하였다. 디지털 카메라 영상에서 분지혈관 입구에 걸쳐져 있는 스텐트 세선의 교차부위를 확인하고 그 구조를 type A와 B로 분류하였다. 신생내막증식의 정도는 Adobe photoshop software v.6.0을 이용하여 교차부위를 중심으로 일정한 면적(직경이 2.41mm인 원의 면적)을 설정한 후 그 면적 내에 생긴 신생내막층의 면적백분율(area %)과 스텐트 세선의 면적에 대비한 신생내막층의 백분율(area %)을 구하였다. 스텐트 구조 간의 차이는 independent t-test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 스텐트 설치 2개월 후 촬영한 디지털감산 혈관조영술에서 대동맥의 주요 분지는 모두 개통되어 있었고 협착은 관찰되지 않았다. 분지 혈관 입구에 걸쳐져 있는 스텐트 세선의 교차부위는 모두 59개이었고 그 구조는 type A가 23개, type B가 36개이었다. 신생내막층의 면적백분율(area %)은 type A가 29.09 ± 10.82%, type B가 13.80 ± 6.94%(p-value:1.36X10-8) 이고, 스텐트 세선의 면적에 대비한 신생내막층의 백분율(area %)은 type A가 138.38 ± 10.84%, type B가 87.58 ± 7.36%(p-value:1.7X10-4)로 양 군 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론: 대동맥 주요 분지 입구에 걸쳐 설치한 자가팽창성 나이티놀스텐트로 인하여 분지 동맥 입구에 걸쳐진 부위에서 신생내막 증식의 정도는 스텐트 구조의 영향을 받는다. 스텐트 세선을 걸어서 엮는 구조(type A)에서 교차해서 엮는 구조(type B)보다 신생내막증식이 심하다 Background: In spite of possibilities of stenosis, obstruction or distal embolisim when stent is inserted across the adjacent arterial branches, currently research on differences of intimal reaction in relation to structures of stent covering visceral arteries ostia is insufficient. Purpose: This article is to assess the influence of stent design on neointimal hyperplasia in aortic stent covering visceral arteries ostia using self-expandable nitinol stent. Materials and methods: There are two different kinds of method to construct intravascular Stents using a metallic wire: interlacing method(type A) and crossing method (type B). For this study, we developed two different kinds of self-expandable nitinol stents using a 0.006inch nitinol wire: Niti-M and Niti-D. They were 12mm in diameter and 8cm in length. Both of the stents had not only type A pattern of wire intersection but also type B pattern. In seven mongrel dogs (weighing 25-30kg), stents were placed in the abdominal aorta across the celiac, superior mesenteric and both renal arteries ostia; four for Niti-M, three for Niti-D. Digital substraction angiography(DSA) was performed immediately after stent insertion and 2months after stenting, when dogs were scheduled to be sacrificed. The patency of visceral arteries was evaluated on DSA and microscopic examination. We took photographs of the visceral arteries ostia with digital camera equipped in stereoscopic microscope and analyzed the degree of neointimal formation along the wire. From the photographs, we calculated the area ratio of intimal hyperplasia using Adobe photoshop software v. 6.0. Independent t-test was employed for statistical analysis. Results: All branches were patent on DSA without any evidence of stenosis. The total number of wire intersection overlying branch ostia were 59; 23 for type A, 36 for type B. Area ratio of neointimal hyperplasia to given area was 29.09 ± 10.82% in type A, 13.80 ± 6.94% in type B(p-value =1.36X10-8). Area ratio of the neointimal hyperplasia per area of stent-wire in the given area were 138.38 ± 10.84% in type A, 87.58 ± 7.36% in type B(p-value =1.7X10-4). There was statistically significant difference in the degree of neointimal hyperplasia between the two types of wire intersection. Conclusion: When aortic stents cover visceral arteries ostia, the degree of neointimal hyperplasia is influenced by the stent design the wire structure. The type A(interlacing) pattern of wire intersection showed more neointima formation than the type B(interlocking) pattern
혼종 시각에 의한 추상회화 연구 : 본인 작품을 중심으로
This dissertation is about the theoretical background for seeking the identity of researcher’s works. It Is focused on concreting ‘Hybrid Vista theory’ combining with postcolonial theory of Homi K Bhabha. Furthermore, this study aims to expand artistic theory by analyzing the works as ‘Site-specific man’, ‘Hybrid Vista’, ‘Process of Hybrid’, ‘Ambivalence’ The researcher had experienced Hybridity of Bhabha’s theory in Italy and UK during 2010’s and has reflected hybridity experience in the works. ‘Hybrid Vista’ describes that the perspective of researcher sees the world in a strange way as well as objectifies daily life kept in the distance. The perspective of researcher in South Korea was as the subject but, it changed to the object when moved to Europe. As a result of this, the researcher has recognized that his perspective was mixing with subjectivity and objectivity. Reversibility moment in Jongmyo shrine is suggested as visual evidence of Hybrid Vista. Based on Culture shock and Reality shock phenomenon, the researcher clarified the process of Hybrid Vista. Hybrid Vista is revealed with following 4 steps, ‘First View’, ‘Exoticity’, ‘Level’, ‘Sublime’ The researcher structured a body of dissertation by presenting four keywords in order to describe the theory of Hybrid Vista effectively. The study conducted in the following order. Chapter 1, ‘Site-specific man’ is about research and creation motivation. The researcher realized that he was dominated by places and projected on it, recalling his circumstance where he experienced Nomadism in Milan and London. It mentioned that ‘Site-specific man’ formed with conformity of ‘Inevitable Force’ and keeping in the distance from daily life. This is shown in the works <Deportation> and <Isolato>. Chapter 2, ‘Hybrid Vista’ is for describing the subject of works. Experiencing Hybrid Vista means to look at the world with a governed perspective. Moreover, through studying ‘Mimicry’, ‘Stereotype’, ‘Sly civility’ of Bhabha’s theories as well as the theories of Paul-Michel Foucault, Frantz Fanon, Edward W. Said made the researcher to understand Hybridity and Hybrid culture. According to this study, it was able to discover the fact Hybridity has been being on the rise in contemporary art. The works of Yinka Shonibare, Cody Choi, Yang Haegue were suggested as visual examples for persuading the fact. Chapter 3, ‘<Process of Hybrid>’ is the researcher’s main artwork which is consists of five series. In this section it explained about process of Hybrid Vista analyzing the main artwork. Abstract expression on the works of researcher confessed that the process represents a instinctive and impromptu creation of unconsciousness. Chapter 4, in ‘Ambivalence’, the researcher has suggested that the negativity of the human being could lead to ambivalence. The researcher discovered two facts that Ambivalence appears in the midst of harmony and confrontation, and it exists where is fulfilled or empty in spaces. These are artistic considerations about formative characteristics and techniques of the works and shown in the series <Harmony and Conforntation> and <Life and Death>. A study on the ‘Hybrid Vista’ discovered theoretical background of the researcher's works. Through this study, the researcher was able to realized that the perception of colonialism is still existed even in the same time period. This carried to find the identity of the artworks. The researcher evaluated development of Western culture positively, afterwards he imitated it when he made an artwork. However at the same time, he perceived the existence of attitude in inner mind which desire to stick to uniqueness and identity of Eastern culture. The researcher's perception is in ‘neutral space’ where can not be located anywhere in the East or the West. This clarifies the contemporariness filled with hybrid cultures which have lost their identity furthermore, it reflects that the stream of nowadays is hardly complicated to differentiate between virtual and real worlds. 본 논문은 연구자의 작품에 드러나는 이론적 배경에 대한 것으로 호미 바바의 탈식민주의 이론과 접목시켜 작품의 정체성을 찾고 혼종 시각 작품론을 구축하기 위함이다. 더 나아가 본 연구는 연구자의 작품을‘장소 특정적 인간’,‘혼종 시각’,‘Process of Hybrid’,‘양가적 감정’으로 연구해 작품의 지평을 넓히고자 하는 목적을 가지고 있다. 연구자는 2010년대 이탈리아와 영국 유학시절 호미 바바의‘혼종성’을 경험했으며, 이를 바탕으로 작품에 체험된 혼종성을 투영했다.‘혼종 시각’은 한국에서는 주체였던 연구자의 시각이 유럽에서 타자가 되어 주체성과 타자성이 혼재되어 있음을 인지하고, 일상을 객관화함과 동시에 낯설게 바라보는 것을 의미한다. 혼종 시각의 증거로는 종묘에서 발현된 가역성의 순간이 결정적 단서로 제시됐다. 연구자는 문화충격과 현실충격 현상을 기반으로 혼종 시각의 과정을 네 단계로 정리했는데, 이는‘초견’(初見, First View) -‘이질감’(異質感, Exoticity) -‘수준’(水尊, Level) -‘숭고’(崇高, Sublime)로 구성되어 혼종 시각을 형성한다고 밝혔다. 연구자는 혼종 시각 작품론을 서술하기 위해 4개의 키워드를 제시하며 본론을 구조화시켰으며 연구는 다음과 같은 순서로 진행됐다. 첫째,‘장소 특정적 인간’은 연구 및 창작 동기에 관한 것으로 노마디즘을 경험했던 본인의 처지를 회상함으로써 장소에 지배를 받아 그것에 투사했다는 점을 발견했다. 불가피항력에 대한 순응과 일상을 바라보는 관조적 태도가 장소 특정적 인간을 형성함을 언급했다. 이는 작품 <강제추방>, <Isolato>등에 나타나있다. 둘째,‘혼종 시각’은 작품 주제에 관한 내용으로 그것을 체험한다는 것은 피지배화된 시각으로 세상을 바라봄이라고 설명했다. 아울러 바바의 흉내 내기, 정형화, 교활한 공손함 이론과 푸코, 파농, 에드워드 사이드의 이론을 통해 혼종성과 혼종 문화에 대해 연구했으며 잉카 쇼니바레, 코디최, 양혜규의 작품을 제시함으로써 동시대미술에 혼종성이 부각되고 있다는 사실을 강조했다. 셋째,‘<Process of Hybrid>’는 다섯 개의 시리즈로 구성된 연구자의 대표작으로 이를 분석하여 혼종 시각의 과정을 설명했다. 아울러 작품에 추상 표현된 것은 혼종 시각의 과정이 본능적이고 즉흥적인 무의식의 창작물임을 고백했다. 넷째,‘양가적 감정’에서는 인간이 지닌 부정성에 의해 양가적 감정이 발현한다는 점을 제시했다. 양가성은 화합과 대립 가운데 나타나며 수행하거나 비워두는 곳에도 존재했다. 이는 연구자 작품의 조형적 특성과 기법에 관한 고찰로 <화합과 대립>, <삶과 죽음> 시리즈에 드러난다. ‘혼종 시각’에 대한 연구는 그동안 파편화되어 정체성의 혼란을 가져왔던 연구자 작품의 이론적 배경이 되었다. 이를 통해 동시대에도 지속되고 있는 식민주의 인식을 분명히 하여 작품의 정체성을 찾게 되었다. 연구자는 서구 문화의 선진화를 높게 평가하여 모방했으나 동시에 동양 문화가 지닌 고유성과 정체성을 고수하려는 태도가 내면에 잠재되어 있음을 인지했다. 연구자의 시각은 동양이나 서양의 어디에도 위치할 수 없는 ‘중간자적 장소’에 있으며 이는 가상과 현실 세계의 구분이 모호한 시대적 흐름과 정체성을 상실한 혼성된 문화들로 팽배 된 동시대성을 반영한 것이다.
루틴 고함유 쓴메밀 계통선발과 고품질 새싹채소 생산기술
Many studies on tatary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum G.) have been trying recently, especially for improving higher nutritional value of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.). Tatary buckwheat probably originated in northwestern Yunnan in China, and this species is now cultivated in the high-altitude mountainous areas of Asia and to a much lesser extent elsewhere in Europe. The flowers are homomorphic and self-fertile, with pollination occurring before the flower opens. Studies on tatary buckwheat were increased due to tatary buckwheat containing many micro-elements, vitamins and vitamin B, and being especially rich in antioxidants, such as quercetin and rutin. This experiment have mainly two objectives. The first was to select tatary buckwheat lines with high yield and rutin concentration. In the first year of experiment, six local lines introduced from China and Nepal were tried to test yield potential and short cultivating duration. Afterward, 91 lines were selected and 26 lines with high rutin concentration were selected. In the second year,po lines of tatary buckwheat were selected finally. The second experiment was conducted to find out growth characteristics and antioxidants of tatary buckwheat sprout vegetables under the different temperatures and lights. The emergence rate and fresh weight were makedly increased in treatment of sterilizing with 2% Ca(ClO)2 during 5 seconds compared with control (no sterilizing). Sprout yield according to seeding rates of tatary buckwheat was highest at seeding rate of 1.8kg/m2, compared to 2.3kg/m2 in common buckwheat. Contents of rutin, quercetin and chrologenic acid were 4.1, 19 and 5 times higher at tatary buckwheat than common buckwheat. The fresh weight of common buckwheat was higher at temperature of 25℃ and 30℃, while growth of tatary buckwheat was reduced in temperature of 30℃. The sprout yield was higher at blue and red light compared to dark condition. UV-B radiation made to reduce the plant height and fresh weight of sprout. Antioxidants contents of buckwheat sprouts was not differ based on growth temperatures. The contents of rutin and quercetin were higher at blue and red light compared to dark condition. The contents of anthocyanin and ascorbic acid were increased under light condition.
연약지반 성토시 인접지역의 압밀침하영향 범위산정과 침하억제대책에 관한 연구
1. 연약층 두께, 압밀 특성 계수, 성토두께에 따른 침하 영향도표를 만들어 현장에서 간단히 인접 지역의 침하영향 범위를 파악 할 수 있도록 하였다. 2. 인접지역 침하억제 대책을 3가지 유형으로 나누어 제안 하였다. ① 성토하중을 차단하는 방법 침하를 억제하여야 하는 구조물이 가까이 있을 경우 케이싱을 사용한 Pre-boring으로 차단벽을 만들거나 유압에 의한 Sheet Pile 시공으로 차단벽을 만들어 침하를 억제하는 것이 유리하다. ② 성토하중을 지지하는 방법 성토사면의 안정성이 우려 되는 지역에서 성토사면의 안정성과 인근지역의 침하 억제가 필요한 경우에 유리하다. ③ 성토하중을 경감시키는 방법 허용침하량 기준을 크게 벗어나지 않거나 연약층 심도가 깊은 경우에 유리하다.