충남평야지에서 조기재배에 적합한 극조생 벼 ‘빠르미’

윤여태,정종태,김규철,윤덕상 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.3

‘Bbareumi’ is an extremely early maturing rice cultivar with the fastest harvesting time in Korea. To develop ‘Bbareumi’, ‘Joami’with good quality in Chungnam plain area and ‘Hokuto’ originating from Japan with the fastest heading date among genetic resources wereused as breeding materials. After crossing them in 2010, the ‘Bbareumi’ cultivar was developed using the pedigree method. A yield trialwas conducted from 2015 to 2016, and a local adaptability test was conducted from 2016 to 2018. The heading date of ‘Bbareumi’ wasseven days earlier than ‘Jinbuolbyeo’, showing an average of June 23rd, and it could be harvested from the end of July to the beginningof August when transplanted early in Chungnam plain area. ‘Bbareumi’ had a short culm length of 63.3 cm and panicle length of 19.3 cm. Milled rice yield was approximately 4.87 MT/ha and the percentage of head rice was 89.2% under normal fertilizer condition. ‘Bbareumi’will be used as a premium rice brand with newly harvested rice before ‘Chooseok’, Korean Thanksgiving Day and is expected to contributeto the revitalization of double-cropping in the Chungnam plain area (Registration No. 8130).

벼 종자소독 전 침종에 따른 소독효과 및 효율성 향상

윤여태,정종태,김규철,김병련 한국작물학회 2022 한국작물학회지 Vol.67 No.3

ABSTRACT Seed disinfection is a necessary process to decrease Bakanae disease in rice and is carried out at 30°C to increase disinfection efficiency. However, the length of sprout after seed disinfection is not suitable for sowing, so additional processes such as seed soaking is needed. For this reason, this study was conducted to develop the efficient and effective seed disinfection method. When the seed disinfection finished after soaking seeds in cold water for 2 days, length of sprout was about 1.0 mm and sowing can be done without additional processes. In addition, the incidence of Bakanae disease was greatly reduced by 64% compared to conventional method. In order to find out why the newly developed method (disinfection after soaking) is more efficient than conventional method, soaked and not soaked seeds were stained using methylene blue staining. It was found that soaked seeds were more easily stained with about 50% of internal and external endosperm stained. Therefore, pesticide can be absorbed easily into internal endosperm of soaked seeds and efficiently destroy the spore of pathogen. As a results of this study, newly developed method will be useful as it can improve efficiency of agricultural work and also effectively decrease Bakanae disease compared to conventional method. 적 요벼 종자소독은 키다리병 경감을 위해 필요한 과정으로소독의 효과를 높이기 위해 30°C의 고온에서 수행하고 있다. 하지만, 벼 종자소독(30°C에서 48시간)을 마친 종자는유아의 길이가 파종하기에 짧아 적당한 유아의 길이가 될때까지 추가적인 침종작업이 필요한데, 품종별로 유아의생장속도가 달라 농민들은 수온을 조절하고 유아의 길이를확인해야 하는 번거로운 농작업으로 생각하고 있다. 따라서 키다리병 방제효과를 높이면서 종자소독 후 즉시 파종이 가능한 소독방법을 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었다. 벼 종자소독 전 찬물에 2일간 종자를 침종하고 고온으로 종자소독(30°C 48시간) 하면 파종하기 적당한 유아의길이(1 mm 내외)가 되었고, 관행 대비 성묘율은 차이가 없으면서 키다리병은 64% 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 종자를찬물에 침종 후에 소독하는 새로운 소독 방법이 키다리병방제효과가 높은 이유를 구명하기 위해, 메틸렌블루 염색약을 이용하여 침종처리한 종자와 침종처리 하지 않은 종자를 염색한 결과 침종처리한 종자는 내부 및 외부 배유의약 50%가 염색되었다. 따라서 종자소독 전 침종처리를 하면 소독약이 종자 내부의 배유까지 흡수되므로 내부에 있는 키다리병 포자까지 효과적으로 살균하기 때문으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 새롭게 개발된 소독방법은 종자소독 전 2 일간 찬물로 침종처리 하면, 관행 방법 대비 침종작업시 수온을 고려하지 않아도 되고 벼 품종과 소독약 종류에 상관없이 유아의 길이는 1 mm 내외가 되어 농작업의 효율성을높일 수 있으며 키다리병 발생을 관행대비 감소시킬 수 있어 농업현장에서 유용하게 사용될 것이다.

Identification of QTLs Controlling Seedling Traits in Temperate Japonica Rice under Different Water Conditions

윤여태,김현정,Thomas H. Tai 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.2

The objective of this study was to detect QTLs for rice seedling traits under normal water (control) and low water conditions (drought stress). Ninety-eight recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between closely-related japonica cultivars, M-203 and M-206 were grown under both low water and normal water conditions. QTLs for morphological traits were investigated at seedling stage using 5,164 single nucleotide polymorphisms via genotyping-by-sequencing. Twenty-three QTLs were associated with four seedling traits: shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot dry weight (SW) and root dry weight (RW), were detected and most QTLs were clustered on chromosome 1, 6, 7 and 11. Under normal water conditions, nine QTLs for seedling traits were detected and M-203 alleles increased all the values. The locations of most QTLs were consistent with genes that regulate or respond to auxin and gibberellin. For drought tolerance, fourteen QTLs were detected including seven for drought stress conditions and seven for relative performance (values from drought stress conditions/normal water conditions). Seven QTLs from drought stress conditions coincided with the loci of previously identified drought tolerance genes. Based on the shoot and root length under drought stress conditions, five lines exhibiting the highest values in common were selected as a drought tolerance group. Those lines exhibited better growth than the parents under drought stress conditions and had QTLs alleles for drought tolerance detected in this study. QTL information and selected lines may be used for improving seedling vigor and drought tolerance of rice in breeding programs.

충남평야지에서 조기재배에 적합한 조생종 벼 ‘여르미’

윤여태(Yeotae Yun),김규철(Gyucheol Kim),조기원(Giwon Cho),정종태(Chongtae Chung),윤덕상(Tugsang Yun) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.4

Early maturing rice cultivars grown in plain areas have an undesirable appearance due to high temperatures during the grain-filling stage. Therefore, developing early maturing rice cultivars with desirable appearance traits in plain areas is the primary goal of rice breeding programs. This study aimed to develop an early maturing rice cultivar adaptable to early transplanting cultivation in the Chungnam plain area. To develop “Yeoreumi,” two breeding materials were used, good-quality “Joami” from the Chungnam plain area and “Hokuto” having the fastest heading date among the genetic resources and originating from Japan. These two resources were crossed in 2010 to develop the “Yeoreumi” cultivar using the pedigree method. A yield trial was conducted in 2015-2016, and a local adaptability test was conducted in 2017-2019. The heading date of “Yeoreumi” was July 10, when it was transplanted early in the Chungnam plain area, and it could be harvested at August end, which was sufficient to produce a fresh stock of rice before “Chuseok, which is the Korean Thanksgiving Day.” The yield of milled rice was approximately 5.29 MT/ha in the local adaptability test, which was 0.47 MT/ha higher than that of “Jinbuolbyeo.” Additionally, its grain quality was good, with 89.9% head rice and 67.6 glossiness of cooked rice. Overall, the results of this study indicated that “Yeoreumi” was suitable for early transplanting cultivation in the Chungnam plain area for “Chuseok,” and could be used as a representative early maturing rice cultivar in Chungcheongnam-do (Registration No. 8597).

디젤엔진에서 EGR 온도 변화에 따른 배기 특성에 관한 연구

윤여태(Yu-tae Yoon),박우영(Woo-young Park),강병무(Byung-mu Kang),염정국(Jeong-kuk Yeom),정성식(Sung-sik Chung),하종률(Jong-yul Ha) 한국자동차공학회 2002 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2002 No.3

Recently, an important goal in diesel engine research is the development of a means to reduce the emissions of NOx and Soot.<br/> Exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) is one of the most effective techniques currently available for reducing NOx emission in internal combustion engines. Since the exhaust gas temperature is higher than that of the intake air, EGR raises the inlet charge temperature and reduces the inlet charge mass.<br/> This work is to review the potential of cooled EGR to reduce the exhaust emissions, particularly NOx emission. Cooled EGR makes possible lower NOx and Soot emissions than hot EGR due to the increase of inlet charge mass. Also, this research used dual fuel stratified injection system because that is the method of the simultaneous reduction of soot and NOx.<br/> In the present study, the results show NOx can be reduced with a minimum penalty of Soot particle emission with cooled EGR. The use of Cooled EGR and dual fuel stratified injection system is, therefore, believed to be most effective in improving exhaust emissions.<br/>

충남평야지에서 극조생 ‘빠르미’ 벼 이앙시기에 따른 생육 및 품질 변화

윤여태(Yeotae Yun),김규철(Gyucheol Kim),조기원(Giwon Cho),윤덕상(Tugsang Yun) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.4

This study was performed to determine the optimum transplanting dates of ‘Bbareumi’ in the Chungnam Plain area. ‘Bbareumi’ was transplanted into a rice research field of Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services at intervals of approximately 15 days from April 17th to August 1st in 2019 and 2020. The heading dates of ‘Bbareumi’ were June 23rd to September 2nd depending on transplanting dates. The highest milled-rice yield was 5.61 MT/ha on May 1st and the lowest was 3.65 MT/ha on August 1st. As the transplanting date was delayed, protein content increased; however, the number of days from transplanting to heading decreased. Protein content and the number of days from transplanting to heading showed a highly significant correlation (R2 = 0.802**). Therefore, it was found that early transplanting was beneficial to produce lower protein content because head rice percentage was 84-87% for early (April 17th to May 16th), 74-80% normal (June 1st to June 16th), and 86-95% for the late transplanting date (July 1st to August 1st). The mean temperature during the ripening stage differed according to the transplanting dates, and early transplanting showed a lower temperature than the normal one (May 16th to June 15th) and a higher head rice percentage. Therefore, extremely early maturing rice cultivars should be transplanted between late April and early May to obtain lower protein content and higher head rice percentage. These results will be useful for rice breeding programs, as it is generally recognized that early transplanting results in poor rice quality; however, this study revealed contrasting results.

야생벼 유전자원의 수량안정성 유전자 탐색 이용

이현숙,강주원,김동민,여상민,상세티,나소,김해황,윤여태,이상복,안상낙 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

작물의 유전적 개량에서 가장 중요한 부분은 이용 가능한 유전자원으로부터 새로운 유전자 조합을 창출하는 것이다. 야생벼나 잡초벼와 같은 유전자원은 각 지역의 환경조건에 오랜 기간 동안 적응하며 집단을 유지하였기 때문에 여러 가지 저항성이나 불량한 환경에 대한 내성 등 유용한 특성을 갖고 있다. 이러한 야생벼나 잡초벼를 이용하여 양적형질을 개선할 수 있는 유용 유전자를 탐색하는 연구는 국내에서 거의 없는 실정이다. 그러므로 고수량성, 내재해성 등 우량한 유전자를 보유하고 있는 야생벼 유전자원을 교배모본으로 이용하여 이들의 우량 유전자를 선별적으로 재배벼에 이전시키는 육종방법을 개발하고 동시에 우량 품종을 개발하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 재배벼의 유전적 배경에 야생벼의 염색체단편이 이입된 근동질계통을 이용하여 수량성 및 내재해성에 관여하는 QTL의 고밀도 지도를 작성하고 관여유전자를 밝히는 연구를 수행하고 있다. 야생벼과 재배벼 (화영벼/W1944) 교잡 유래 이입계통을 이용하여 종자중 관여 QTL (qTGW5)과 수당립수 관여 QTL (qSPP5)이 연관됨을 밝혔다. 야생벼의 수당립수 유전자 (qSPP5)는 재배벼에선 발견되지 않은 야생벼 특이적인 유전자로 판단된다. 직파재배에서 중요한 중배축 신장성에 관한 유전자 고밀도지도 작성을 위하여, 선행연구에서 탐색된 QTL (qMel-1, qMel-3)을 잡초벼/일품벼 조합계통에서 분석한 결과, qMel-1과 qMel-3은 각각 염색체 1번의 RM8260과 염색체 3번 RM426에서 탐지되었으며, 중배축 신장성 관여 유전자의 분리를 위해 microarray 분석 및 association mapping을 실시하고 있다. 유묘기 내냉성 지표로서 저온 조건에서의 엽록소 함량에 관한 QTL(spad-1, spad-4)이 밀양23/합천앵미3조합에서 탐지되었으며 , 이들 유전자의 근동질계통 (NIL) 육성, 후보유전자의 T-DNA 삽입변이체를 분석 중에 있다. 내건성 QTL의 고밀도 유전자지도 작성을 위해 밀양23/O. glaberrima 조합을 이용, NIL를 육성 중에 있다. 야생벼인 Oryza grandiglumis와 O. rufipogon에서 유래된 종자중 관여 유전자 qGW2와 qGW9를 집적한 계통을 육성하고 그 특성을 평가 중이다.

우리나라 고품질 벼의 완전미수량 변이에 대한 관련 구성요소의 관계 비교 분석

양운호,최경진,손지영,강신구,신성휴,심강보,김준환,정한용,장정희,정정수,이채영,윤여태,권석주,안규남,신종희,배성문 한국국제농업개발학회 2016 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

This study was conducted, using 10 high-quality rice varieties, at 24 experimental sites in 2013 and 2014 to analyze the comparative relationship among head rice yield (HRY), its attributes and sub-attributes. In the data set pooled across sites, years and varieties, where regional and varietal variations were combined, HRY was associated with milled rice yield (MRY) more closely than percentage of head rice (PHR) although both MRY and HRY demonstrated significant relationship with HRY. In the PHR higher than 80%, compared to 80% or less, fitness of the regression between PHR and HRY decreased. MRY and PHR, the two attributes of HRY, were not significantly associated with each other. Regional variation of HRY was associated only with MRY while varietal variation of HRY was related to both MRY and PHR. HRY and MRY showed regional variation greater than varietal variation meanwhile PHR demonstrated regional and varietal variations in a similar range. In the data set pooled across sites, years and varieties, MRY demonstrated relationship with spikelets per square meter (SPIK) in a higher significance than percentage of grain filling (PGF) and 1000-brown rice weight (TBRW). Both regional and varietal variations of MRY showed significant relationship only with SPIK, neitherwith PGF nor TBRW. It is concluded that regional variation of HRY was affected by MRY, varietal variation by both MRY and PHR, and region-variety combined variation mainly by MRY.

우리나라 고품질 벼 품종의 쌀 품질 특성에 미치는 등숙기 단계별 기온과 일조시간의 영향

양운호,최경진,손지영,강신구,신성휴,심강보,김준환,정한용,장정희,정정수,이채영,윤여태,권석주,안규남,신종희,배성문 한국작물학회 2015 Korean journal of crop science Vol.60 No.3

Relationship between grain quality-related traits and daily mean temperature/sunshine hours during grain filling stage was analyzed using eleven high quality rice varieties at 24 experimental sites through eight provinces of Korea in 2013~2014. In the data set pooled across varieties, experimental sites and years, grain quality-related traits such as percentage of head rice (PHR), head rice yield (HRY), protein in milled rice (PRO) and Toyo Mido Meter glossiness value (TGV) were higher at the temperature lower than 22.6℃ for 40 days after flowering (DAF), which was optimum for percentage of grain filling in this study. Optimum sunshine hours for 40 DAF were 6.0~6.1 hr d -1 when considered PHR, HRY and TGV. PRO was associated with daily mean temperature and sunshine hours for 40 DAF in more varieties than the other traits. PRO was closely correlated with daily mean temperature during early filling stage and sunshine hours during early to mid filling stage, compared to other stages during grain filling. It is concluded that general trend in the variation of grain quality-related traits could be explained by the changes in daily mean temperature and sunshine hours during grain filling. In addition, climate conditions during early grain filling stage played important roles to enhance grain quality.

야생벼 유전자원의 수량안정성 유전자 탐색 이용

이현숙,강주원,상세티,전윤아,레아잉뀐,노심,코코멍,강윤주,윤여태,안상낙 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

야생벼나 잡초벼와 같은 유전자원은 각 지역의 환경조건에 오랜 기간 동안 적응하며 집단을 유지하였기 때문에 여러 가지 저항성이나 불량한 환경에 대한 내성 등 유용한 특성을 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 야생 유전자원에서 고수량성 및 미량원소의 함량 조절 등에 관여하는 유용 유전자를 선별적으로 재배벼에 이전시키는 육종방법을 개발하고 우량 품종 육성을 목표로 한다. 이들 목적을 위하여 재배벼의 유전적 배경에 야생 유전자원의 염색체 단편이 이입된 근동질 계통을 육성, 이용하여 양적형질유전자의 고밀도 지도를 작성하고 관여 유전자 특성을 분석 중에 있다. 야생벼와 재배벼 (화성벼/O.rufipogon) 교잡 유래 이입계통을 이용하여 출수기 조절 유전자, gw9 를 탐지하였고 이들 유전자좌에서 유력한 후보 유전자 3 종, male sterility 5 (MS5), ascorbate peroxidase(AP), glutelin 유전자를 선발하였다. 이들 유전자의 염기서열을 분석한 결과 화성벼와 O. rufipogon 사이에 염기서열 차이를 확인하였다. 야생벼인 Oryza grandiglumis 에서 유래된 종자중 관여 유전자 qGW2 의 근동질계통을 이용하여 벼의 아연함량 조절 유전자, OsPCR1 (plant cadmium resistance 1)과 qGW2 유전자가 서로 상호관계가 있음을 보였다. qGW2 근동질계통의 종자 발달시 OsPCR1 유전자의 발현이 대조구에서 보다 증가하였고, OsPCR1 형질전환체에서 종자중과 아연함량의 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 이들 OsPCR-1 의 염기서열을 다양한 벼 품종들간에 비교한 결과, 자포니카형 품종들과 인디카형 또는 야생벼 (O. rufipogon, O. glaberrima, O. grandiglumis) 간에 염기서열 변이가 존재하여 아미노산 서열의 차이를 확인하였다. 직파재배에서 중요한 중배축 신장성에 관한 유전자 고밀도지도 작성을 위하여, 선행연구에서 탐색된 QTL (qMel-1, qMel-3) 을 잡초벼/일품벼 조합계통에서 분석한 결과, qMel-1 과 qMel-3 은 각각 염색체 1번의 RM8260과 염색체 3번 RM426 에서 탐지되었고, 중배축 신장성 관여 유전자의 분리를 위하여 Nipponbare/Kasalath 교배조합의 근동질계통을 이용하여 초고밀도 지도를 작성하였다.