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Dynamics, Stability and Sensitivity of Curtain Coating Flow using Viscocapillary Model
Dynamics, stability and sensitivity in curtain coating process have been investigated using both 1-D and 2-D models. One dimensional viscocapillary models for slot-fed curtain coating flow have been successfully developed from the integro-differential momentum balances of 2-D Navier-Stokes equations. They rest on the transient sheet profile equations for curtain thickness and curtain trajectory in curtain flow. Also, in slide-fed curtain coating another simplified equation has been added in the above equations to exhibit film thickness variation on the slide flow region. Flow behaviors of this process by 1-D model have been compared with those by 2-D models. Steady states by viscocapillary models for both slot-fed and slide-fed curtain coating flow have been solved in finite difference approximation by Newton iteration. The results show that how inertia (Reynolds number), surface tension (capillary number), inclination angle of the slide, and air pressure difference across the curtain affect sheet trajectory and thickness profiles. Especially, singularity found in curtain flow region in some range of process conditions has been effectively removed, giving similar results as in inviscid fluids by Finnicum et al. (1993). It has been revealed that viscocapillary models can be useful to easily analyze coating flow dynamics without complex computations, providing qualitative agreement with full theory (Flow-3D and 2-D FEM with auto-remeshing scheme). Linear and nonlinear stability analyses have also been investigated in slot-fed curtain coating. Draw resonance instability, characterized by the periodic oscillation of curtain thickness and its trajectory, has occurred beyond the onset. Various stability windows depending on the process conditions such as Reynolds number, capillary number, gravity, and so on have been established. As one of stability results, large air pressure difference makes the system more unstable, giving longer curtain trajectory in curtain flow region. Finally, the sensitivity of the slot-fed curtain coating system has been examined by frequency response method, measuring the amplitude of outputs with respect to the various infinitesimal sinusoidal perturbations. It has been shown that large air pressure difference makes the system more sensitive to any disturbances.
전기화학 센서 응용을 위한 산화아연 나노선 선택적 성장 공정에 관한 연구
This paper presents the selective growth method of ZnO nanowires for the application to the electrochemical impedance sensor. The electroplated Zn in a pattern is oxidized through the oxidation-reduction reaction in KOH electrolyte combined with an air cathode and the ZnO nanowires are hydrothermally grown on the oxidized Zn layer selectively. The electrochemical impedance of the ZnO nanowire-patterned electrodes was measured in a ferricyanide solution by varying concentrations to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method for the application to the impedance sensor. 산화아연 나노선은 많은 응용 분야에 적용되고 있는 나노 재료로서 일반적으로 수열합성법(hydrothermal growth method) 을 이용하여 성장시키는 방법이 주로 사용된다. 수열합성법은 먼저 나노선 성장을 위한 씨앗층을 형성한 후 성장용액에서 반응물의 농도와 온도를 조절하여 성장시키는 방법이다. 씨앗층은 주로 스핀코팅이나 스퍼터링 방법을 이용하여 형성하게 된다. 스퍼터링을 이용한 씨앗층의 형성은 원하는 두께와 수직한 나노선 성장에 용이하지만 고가의 장비가 필요하고 증착비용이 비싸다는 단점이 있다. 스핀코팅을 이용하는 방법은 원하는 두께의 씨앗층을 균일하게 도포하는 데 어려움이 있으며 또한 기판 전면에 씨앗층이 도포되므로 원하는 패턴의 영역에만 산화아연 나노선을 성장시키기 어렵다는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 고가의 스퍼터링 증착 공정이나 스핀코팅 방법을 이용하지 않고 아연 전해도금과 KOH용액에서의 산화공정을 이용한 씨앗층 형성을 통하여 원하는 패턴 영역에만 산화아연 나노선을 선택적으로 성장시킬 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 이를 전극 패터닝에 이용하여 전기화학 임피던스 센서로 응용할 수 있는 가능성을 검증하였다.
전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 프로그램이 ADHD 성향 아동의 자존감 및 또래 관계에 미치는 영향
윤석일 남서울대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사
It is considered that the children with ADHD tendency have difficulty in low self-esteem and peer relationships. The purpose of this study is investigating the effect that a program for improving self-esteem using traditional plays developed by researchers has on self-esteem and peer relationships of children with ADHD tendency. At first, this study was conducted students in 3th, 4th, 5th grades in elementary school across city C, city D in Chungcheongnamdo with abbreviated Conners Rating Scale. And then, the children with ADHD tendency were selected targeting more than 16 points for parents, 17 points for teachers. At last, a total of 56 children with ADHD tendency(28 in experiment group and 28 in comparative group)took part in the study. Trough advanced researches, we extracted components of a program for improving self-esteem using traditional plays, program goals and contents. The program for improving self-esteem using traditional plays consisted of 12 sessions whose contents were composed of ‘relationship formation’, ‘self-awareness’, ‘others-awareness’, ‘sense of competence and sense of accomplishment’ and ‘finish’ parts. Also, the specific program’s content was made up of a traditional play. The developed program was given to 3 experts to check the content validity, modified and supplemented through verification process. Spss 21.0 version was used to analyze the method. To test internal consistency of self-esteem scale and peer relational skills scale, reliability analysis(Cronbach’s α) was conducted. Pre-pro test was performed on condition of experiment-control variables. Also the dependent variables, the effects of self-esteem and peer relationships, were examined, leading a T-test. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follow. First, there was a significant difference in the self-esteem of experiment group participating in self-esteem program using traditional play. Among the sub factors, there was a significant difference in general self-esteem and social self-esteem, however, there wasn’t a significant difference in learning and family self-esteem. Second, there was a significant difference in the whole peer relationships, sub-factor autonomy, collaboration·empathy of experimental group participating in self-esteem program using traditional play. Based on the above result, It is a necessity for further research, suggesting that this program is effective in promoting self-esteem and peer relationships of children with ADHD tendency. Key word : ADHD, peer relationship, traditional plays, self-esteem 본 연구의 목적은 ADHD 성향 아동들이 ADHD 특성으로 인해 낮은 자존감과 또래관계에서 어려움을 경험하고 있어 연구자들이 개발한 전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 향상 프로그램을 통해 ADHD 성향 아동들의 자아존중감과 또래관계에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구를 위하여 충청남도 C시, D시에서 초등학생 3, 4, 5학년 중 단축형 Conners 평정 척도를 실시하여 부모 16점, 교사 17점 이상의 대상으로 ADHD 성향 아동을 공개모집하였다. 모집된 ADHD 성향 아동 총 56명(실험집단 28명, 비교집단 28명)을 연구대상으로 하였다. 선행연구를 통해 전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 향상 프로그램의 구성요인과 프로그램 목표 및 내용을 추출하여 전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 향상 프로그램을 12회기로 구성하였다. 그 내용은 ‘관계형성’, ‘자기인식’, ‘타인인식’, ‘유능감 및 성취감’ ‘마무리’영역으로 세부 활용 내용은 전통놀이로 구성되어있다. 개발된 프로그램을 전문가 3인에게 전문가 타당화를 위한 설문을 통해 프로그램을 수정‧보완하여 내용타당도를 검증 받았다. 분석방법은 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 실시하였다. 자아존중감 척도, 또래관계기술 척도의 내적 합치도를 분석하고자 신뢰도 분석(Cronbach's a)을 실시하였으며, 사전-사후검사, 실험-통제 변인을 조건으로 t-test 차이검증을 수행하였다. 종속변수로써 효과성 검증은 자존감과 또래관계이다. 이 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하자면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단의 자아존중감에 유의한 효과가 나타났다. 하위요인 중 일반적 자아존중감과 사회적 자아존중감에서 유의미함이 나타났으나, 학습 및 가정적 자아존중감은 유의한 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 전통놀이를 활용한 자존감 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단의 전체 또래관계, 하위요인 주도성, 협동·공감 모두 유의한 효과가 나타났다. 위의 결과를 바탕으로 추후연구에 대한 제언과 본 프로그램이 ADHD 성향 아동의 자아존중감 및 또래관계를 증진하는데 효과적임을 제시하였다. 주제어 : ADHD, 또래관계, 전통놀이, 자존감, 자아존중감
음악적 어휘 능력 신장을 위한 음악 감상 교수·학습 방법
In 21 century, people are required to have various abilities and competences, which can help them understand the concept and principle of social problems, therefore thinking power can be emphasized the process of solving problems. In education, the constructive view is reflected in order to choose information and use it, that is, critical thinking ability is required for the methods of teaching and learning. In music education, the critical thinking is to solve problems through music and solving problems is to understand music. Music appreciation activity is the most important to understand music. However, current music appreciation activity is an extrinsic and passive way so the methods of music appreciation of teaching and learning needs to be changed necessarily. This study explains the features of music in detail and develops the methods of teaching and learning in music to express people own experience in order to improve music vocabulary. First, I distinguish the features and concepts of music, and when focusing on language expression, the music vocabulary has been improved. Second, three activities make learners participate in lesson actively : To understand teacher's explanations using music vocabulary. To talk to the features and concepts of distinguished music. To write on the features and concepts of distinguished music. Third, the most effective activity is to understand teacher's explanation using music vocabulary among three activities to improve music vocabulary. Fourth, learners have improved the music vocabulary and the features and concepts for music appreciation by participating in lesson including internal factors actively.
영성교육의 효과에 대한 연구 : 한국 기독교 대학의 사례를 중심으로
윤석일 亞細亞聯合神學大學校 2014 국내박사
This study attempted to present the concept and nature of Christian spirituality by which an experimental study was conducted. Even though many spirituality scholars have been trying to define Christian spirituality in a variety of aspects, it is hard to find some theories or formulas which are helpful for promoting spirituality and for evaluating the effectiveness. However, the researcher had a chance to do experimental study on spirituality development, finding a spirituality formula, S=RGP1P2E, which is involving comprehensive concepts and contents. The researcher, therefore, conducted an experimental study on spirituality development based on the formula, taking the students at D University in Busan, South Korea, where the researcher teaches, as the subject of study. Spiritual education was practiced in the two control groups, both of which were resulting in quite different scores between before and after the tests. Therefore, it is proper to hold that this study lays out the foundation of an effective spiritual education at Christian university in South Korea. The following chapter after the introduction discussed the nature of spiritualities in general, focusing on Christian spirituality, concluding that the core of Christian spirituality is other-centeredness, the opposite of self-centeredness. The next chapter presented the purpose and necessity of spiritual education, and the concepts, the factors, and the domains of spirituality development. The next chapter pinpointed the issue of the significance of school education, recognizing its crisis, looking forward to having an effective spiritual education at Christian university. The last chapter presented the effectiveness of spiritual education, dealing with the findings shown in the experimental study.