시베리아내전의 발발과 연해주 한인사회의 동향

윤상원(Yun Sang-won) 고려사학회 2010 한국사학보 Vol.- No.41

The aim of this article is to clarify the origin of the Korean armed struggle in Chien tao and Russian Far East in the early 1920s. In conclusion, I believe that the origin of Korean armed struggle is the Russian Revolution in 1917 and ensuing civil war in Siberia. In particular, Japanese forces in Siberia after the Russian Revolution made Koreans in that region to struggle with Soviet Red Army and Russian partisan troops. Japan has sent troops to Siberia in 1918 and supported White army in Russian civil war. For this reason Koreans naturally jumped into the fight against the Japanese and the Whites. And the armed struggle taken place in Siberia soon had an impact on the Korean community in Chientao. Korean patriots in Chien tao also began a battle with the Japanese. From this wide range of armed struggle has unfolded in Chientao and Russian Far East in the early 1920s. But the Koreans partisan movement in Russia also had to be affected to the presence and movements of Koreans in that Region in the previous time. Korean community in Russia also had a class problem. Some of Koreans who early imigrated to the Russian territory and acquired Russian nationality, received land distribution from the Russian government and were incorporated into the ruling class. They were called 'Won-he-in'. In contrast, there were Koreans who were not acquired Russian nationality. As there was no land for them, They had cultivated the land of Russian landlord or Won-ho-in. otherwise, became the daily agricultural workers. They were "Yo-ho-in". And of course, Won-he-in were the side of White army and Red army had the support of Yo-ho-in.

Report_Invention & Creation - 발명창의력 증진을 위한 전문블록 개발

윤상원,Yun, Sang-Won 한국발명진흥회 2010 發明特許 Vol.35 No.6

본 연구에서는, 방명창의력 증진을 위한 전문 블록(다모블록)개발을 시도하고, 대학생들의 사용성 평가를 통해 통계적 검증이 이루어졌다. 개발된 다모블록은 각 면을 오목과 블록구조로 형성하여, 4면을 자유롭게 결합하는 슬라이드 방식의 특허기술이 적용된다. 결론적으로 개발된 다모블록은 발명교구로 사용될 수 있음은 물론, 발명원리를 발견하고 학생들의 다양한 발명사고 능력개발에 유용한 블록으로 평가된다.

페라이트 층을 갖는 유전체 슬랩 도파관 격자 구조의 해석

윤상원,Yun, Sang-Won 대한전자공학회 1989 전자공학회논문지 Vol. No.

페라이트 층을 갖는 유전체 도파관이 갖는 비가역 전자파 전파특성을 아이솔레이터와 같은 비가역 소자에 응용 가능하도록 페라이트로 되어 있는 격자 구조를 제시하였다. 격자 구조를 유전체 도파관의 계단형 불연속이 cascade로 연결된 것으로 보고, 모드 정합법으로 구한 계단형 불연속의 산란 행렬을 이용하여 격자 구조의 특성을 해석하였다. 주기적인 격자 구조의 저지 주파수 대역이 사용하고자 하는 주파수 근처에 있을 때와 상당히 떨어져 있는 두 경우의 비가역 산란 특성을 35GHz 근처에서 해석하였으며, X-Band에서 제안된 격자 구조를 제작 실험하였다. In this paper, dielectric waveguide gratings, which can be applied to the nonreciprocal devices such as isolators, are proposed. Those grating structures can be considered as cascade connections of step discontinuities between uniform dielectric waveguides and another uniform dielectric waveguides with a ferrite layer. Therefore, the nonreciprocal scattering characteristics of such gratings can be obtained form the scattering characteristics of step discontinuities and uniform dielectric wave guides. For the periodic grating structures, band-reject characteristics can be located inside or outside the frequency range of interest. Numerical analyses are performed at 35GHz and experimental results at X-band are also presented.

IP Report 신춘특집 논문 - 사상체질 중심의 발명교육 활성화 방안연구

윤상원,Yun, Sang-Won 한국발명진흥회 2010 發明特許 Vol.35 No.2

Plasma Assisted ALD 장비를 이용한 니켈 박막 증착과 Ti 캡핑 레이어에 의한 니켈 실리사이드 형성 효과

윤상원,이우영,양충모,하종봉,나경일,조현익,남기홍,서화일,이정희,Yun, Sang-Won,Lee, Woo-Young,Yang, Chung-Mo,Ha, Jong-Bong,Na, Kyoung-Il,Cho, Hyun-Ick,Nam, Ki-Hong,Seo, Hwa-Il,Lee, Jung-Hee 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2007 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.6 No.3

The NiSi is very promising candidate for the metallization in 45 nm CMOS process such as FUSI(fully silicided) gate and source/drain contact because it exhibits non-size dependent resistance, low silicon consumption and mid-gap workfunction. Ni film was first deposited by using ALD (atomic layer deposition) technique with Bis-Ni precursor and $H_2$ reactant gas at $220^{\circ}C$ with deposition rate of $1.25\;{\AA}/cycle$. The as-deposited Ni film exhibited a sheet resistance of $5\;{\Omega}/{\square}$. RTP (repaid thermal process) was then performed by varying temperature from $400^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$ in $N_2$ ambient for the formation of NiSi. The process temperature window for the formation of low-resistance NiSi was estimated from $600^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$ and from $700^{\circ}C$ to $800^{\circ}C$ with and without Ti capping layer. The respective sheet resistance of the films was changed to $2.5\;{\Omega}/{\square}$ and $3\;{\Omega}/{\square}$ after silicidation. This is because Ti capping layer increases reaction between Ni and Si and suppresses the oxidation and impurity incorporation into Ni film during silicidation process. The NiSi films were treated by additional thermal stress in a resistively heated furnace for test of thermal stability, showing that the film heat-treated at $800^{\circ}C$ was more stable than that at $700^{\circ}C$ due to better crystallinity.

Report_Invention & Creation - 발명창의력 증진을 위한 전문블록 개발

윤상원,Yun, Sang-Won 한국발명진흥회 2010 發明特許 Vol.35 No.7

러시아 민족정책과 한인 소련의 민족정책 변화와 1937년 한인 강제이주

윤상원 ( Sang Won Yun ) 수선사학회 2013 史林 Vol.0 No.46

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the causes of Korean deportation from Russian Far East to Central Asia in 1937. From what has been discussed above, we can state the following two points. According to the decision of the Soviet government, the official aim of deportation is “to prevent the penetration of Japanese espionage in the Far Eastern Territory.” And given the international and domestic situations at that time, this concern of the Soviet government had a sufficient basis. In the late 1930s there was possibility of the Japanese invasion to the Russian Far East and some Japanese spies were doing espionage in the Maritimes. But if we have a little more in-depth study, we can find that the ultimate cause of deportation was to be changes in national polices of the Soviet Union. After the death of Lenin, the principle of national self-determination was not followed in the Soviet Union. Especially Stalin`s theory of socialism in one country encouraged Russian chauvinism. In the process of agricultural collectivization and construction of the socialist society, self-determination of the Minority and rights of the people were ignored. As a result, deportation of Koreans in Russia could be executed.

봉오동전투와 청산리전투에 대한 소련과 러시아의 평가

윤상원(Yun, Sang-won) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2015 역사문화연구 Vol.56 No.-

이 글의 목적은 홍범도가 지휘했던 위대한 승리인 봉오동전투와 청산리전투를 소련과 러시아에서 어떻게 인식하고 있는지를 살펴보는데 있다. 홍범도가 자신의 부대를 이끌고 연해주에서 북간도로 넘어온 때는 1919년 10월이었다. 그 시기는 이동휘가 통합 대한민국임시정부의 국무총리로 임명되어 한인사회당의 주력들이 상해로 옮겨가던 시기와 일치한다. 상해로 간 이동휘는 곧 1920년을 ‘독립전쟁의 원년’으로 선포했다. 임시정부의 독립운동 방략이 기존의 외교론에서 무장투쟁론으로 바뀌었던 것이다. 그리고 이를 위해서는 간도와 연해주의 여러 독립군 부대들을 통합하여 단일한 대군단을 편성할 필요가 있었다. 홍범도가 북간도로 간 근본적인 목적은 바로 여기에 있었다고 보인다. 즉 이동휘는 상해에서 독립전쟁을 선포하고, 이동휘는 독립전쟁을 수행할 대규모 통합부대를 조직하는 것으로 역할분담이 이루어졌다고 판단된다. 1950년대 소련에 살고 있던 항일혁명가들 중 1920년대 초 북간도에서 활약했던 이들의 회고들 속에서 우리는 위 결론을 확인시켜주는 단편적 언급들을 찾을 수 있다. 이들은 홍범도가 이동휘와 의논을 하고 북간도로 왔다는 설명하고 있다. 그리고 이들은 봉오동전투와 청산리전투가 홍범도가 진행한 독립군부대 통합의 과정에서 일어났던 승리였음을 거듭 강조하고 있다. 나아가 이 통합의 노력이 실제 성과를 거두지 못했던 것이 바로 ‘제1기 독립군운동’이 실패로 끝났다는 평가로까지 나아갔다. 그 실패의 원인은 자신들의 기득권 때문에 진실한 통합으로 나아가려 하지 않았던 독립군부대 지휘관들 때문이었다고 평가하였다. 이는 소련시대 봉오동전투와 청산리전투를 설명하는 일반적 평가방식이었다고 생각된다. 소련이 붕괴하고 난 후 러시아의 봉오동전투와 청산리전투에 대한 평가는 개별 연구에서는 찾기가 매우 힘들다. 다만 러시아의 주요 대학에서 사용하는 교재를 분석하면 그 평가가 소련 시대와는 매우 달라졌음을 확인할 수 있다. 하지만 러시아의 대학교재에 나온 내용은 대부분 현지에서 이루어진 연구의 결과라기보다는 한국에서 진행된 연구성과들을 번역하여 기재된 것으로 판단된다. 때문에 제한적이나마 연구가 이루어졌던 소련시대보다 오히려 퇴행한 평가방식을 보여주고 있다. 이 경우 러시아에서 봉오동전투와 청산리전투의 올바른 평가를 유도하기 위한 방안이 모색될 필요가 있다. 먼저 우리 스스로 간도와 연해주를 하나의 공간으로 바라보고 그 속에 봉오동전투와 청산리전투를 위치시키는 연구를 진행할 필요가 있다. 다음으로 이러한 연구를 우리들 내부에서만 유통시키는 것이 아니라, 러시아의 한국학 연구자들과의 다양한 교류를 통해 러시아의 한국사 연구 안으로 틈입시키는 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. The purpose of this article is to reveal how to evaluate battles of Bongodong and Cheongsanni, which were carried out by Hong Beomdo, in the Soviet Union and Russia. It was in October 1919 that Hong Beomdo has passed to North Kando with his troops from Maritime province in Russia. At that time Lee Donghwi was appointed as Prime Minister of the united Republic of Korea Provisional Government and major activities of Korean Socialist Party moved to Shanghai. As soon as Lee Donghwi arrived in Shanghai, he declared 1920 as the ‘first year of the War of Independence.’ And in order to do this it was necessary to integrate the various units of independence forces troops in Kando and Maritime province, to organize a single army. The fundamental purpose was seemed to be right here for long Beomdo to pass to North Kando. In the Soviet era it was common evaluation that the exercise of the unification all armed forces has failed. The cause of the failure was evaluated because independent military commanders did not want the true integration due to their vested interests. This evaluation was the same in battles of Bongodong and Cheongsanni. In Russia after the Soviet Union collapsed, it is hard to find the evaluation battles of Bongodong and Cheongsanni in the individual studies. We can find it only in history textbooks in Russian universities. However, The contents on college textbooks is judged to the Russian translation of research results, which were conducted in Korea, rather than the results of a study made in Russia.

홍범도의 러시아 적군 활동과 자유시사변

윤상원(Yun, Sang-Won) 한국사연구회 2017 한국사연구 Vol.- No.178

The purpose of this article is to reveal the relationship between Hong Bumdo and the Russian Red Army after the Russian Revolution of 1917. In addition, I would like to clarify the role of Hong Bumdo during the Chayu-si Incident. Hong Bumdo participated in the Korean Socialist Party organized in Khabarovsk in 1918. From this point he began to establish relations with the Russian Red Army. In 1919, he went to North Gando for the unification of Korean independent military units. After the victory of Bongo-dong Battle and the Cheongsan-ri Battle, he led his forces to the Chayu-si of Siberia. It was to organize the large Korean independent army corps by integrating army units of Gando and the Russian Maritime provinces. The plan to integrate the armed forces did not go smoothly. Conflicts have arisen over the initiative of integration between the Korea Voluntary Army and the Koryo Revolutionary Army. In the end, there was the Chayu-si Incident called "the greatest tragedy of our independence movement." Hong Bumdo, who was originally a member of the Korea Voluntary Army, led the troops that had moved from Gando to the Koryo Revolutionary Army. It was because he recognized the Koryo Revolutionary Army as the subject of integration. After the Chayu-si Incident, Hong Bumdo participated as a military court judge. It was to prevent soldiers from being injured through fair judgment in the trial. But because of this, he had to hear a lot of grudges from around him. Even he was terrorized. It was very unfortunate for Hong Bumdo.

1920년대 초반 러시아의 한인사회주의자들과 코민테른

윤상원(Yun Sang-Won) 역사학연구소 2006 역사연구 Vol.- No.16