예이츠 연극 연구(1) : 초기 이론을 중심으로

윤기호 충북대학교 인문과학연구소 1987 人文學誌 Vol.2 No.1

W. B. 예이츠 희곡 연구 서설

윤기호 21세기영어영문학회 2011 21세기영어영문학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.09

쿠훌린극으로서 『디어드라』 읽기

윤기호 한국중앙영어영문학회 2009 영어영문학연구 Vol.51 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to study W. B Yeats’s early play Deirdre as a Cuchulain play. The hero Naoise, who holds the championship of the Red Branch, dies, making way for the successor in the championship, Cuchulain. To clarify the relationship between Naoise and Cuchulain, the character of Naoise is closely examined. Such a study reveals several significant similarities between the life and death of Deirdre and Naoise and the unfolding of the careers of Cuchulain and Emer. Yeats altered his source material for his dramatic purpose. Yeats’s alterations are intended to contrast the world of protagonists with that of antagonist and he places much value on those qualities that he most admired: fidelity to love, honor and a refusal to indulge in crowd-pleasing, foredoomed heroics. By contrast, he makes the antagonist Conchubar the antihero of his Red Branch plays. Unlike the source, Yeats did not consider a violent death the only heroic answer to betrayal and entrapment. For this reason he changed the martial reaction of the source to one of calm acceptance when Naoise learns of Conchubar’s treachery. The reaction to deceit reveals that Naoise, like Cuchulain, is a semi- autobiographical hero who embodies many of his creator’s ideals. Thus Deirdre can be considered as one of the Cuchulain plays and Naoise and Deirdre as the prototypes of Chuchulain and Emer. Yeats created in 1907 a compressed, moving version of an old folk tale that deserves a place along with other early masterpieces.

용서와 초월: 예이츠의 쿠훌린의 죽음 주제 연구

윤기호 한국중앙영어영문학회 2006 영어영문학연구 Vol.48 No.3

 Abstract A Study on the Theme of W. B. Yeats’s Death of Cuchulain Yun, Kiho (Chungbuk University) The purpose of this paper is to examine the theme of W. B. Yeats’s Death of Cuchulain. Cuchualin had a more enduring influence on the poetry and plays of Yeats than any other Irish mythological subject. He was a symbol of the Irish Renaissance, an incarnation of all heroic ideals, and a kind of persona for the poet's own soul. Yeats’s most immediate source for his Cuchulain plays was Lady Gregory’s Cuchulain of Muirthemne, but he significantly altered the source to serve his purposes. In this paper, four major alterations in the source are traced, and the playwright’s ideas of the transformation are examined. Yeats’s alterations of the source make Yeats’s Cuchulain’s death less splendiferous than those of most epic heroes. By recognizing Emer’s vital role in his salvation at Baile’s Strand, by declining to kill Eithne Inguba, and by refusing to curse or plead with Aoife or the Blind Man, Cuchulain bypasses the hatreds and rashness that dragged Yeats’s earlier protagonists into purgatory. Although Cuchulain’s death ends the age of heroes, he dies bereft of hatred or trepidation. By changing his source, Yeats has made ‘forgiveness, mercy, unselfishness, and transcendence of the fear of death’, not martial feat nor victory nor revenge, his final virtue. To the dying Cuchulain, Yeats delegates the ultimate honor of proving that through forgiveness we may bypass both monomania in life and the ‘Dreaming-Back’ after life. Key Words:The Death of Cuchulain, The Cuchulain cycle, alterations of the source, forgiveness and transcendence/ 쿠훌린의 죽음, 출전 변경, 용서와 초월 (투고일: 2006. 7. 25, 심사일: 8. 10, 심사완료일 8. 25)

『캘버리』에 나타난 예이츠의 역사관

윤기호 한국예이츠학회 2014 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.45 No.-

예이츠는 인류의 역사를 주관적과 객관적으로 나누고 이 두 성격의 문명이 순환한다고 생각했다. 『캘버리』는 객관성의 상징인 그리스도가 주관성 시대의 잔존 인물인 라자로, 유다와 갈등을 겪는 것을 극화했다. 라자로의 항의, 유다의 배신, 로마 군사들의 무관심을 통해 이 극은 그리스도의 사랑이 모든 사람을 구원하는 것은 아니고 기독교 세계 보다 큰 역사의 질서가 있다는 예이츠의 역사관을 보여준다. 예이츠는 관객에게 익숙한 기독교 신화를 변형시킴으로써 신빙성이 떨어지는 위험을 막기 위해 ‘꿈으로 다시 살기’, 가면, 운문대사, 춤, 음악 등 극적 장치를 마련하여 현실과 동떨어진 느낌을 갖도록 하고 관객들이 ‘마음 속 깊은 곳’으로 들어가도록 유도하려고 했다. 기독교 신화라는 익숙한 주제를 다루는 것이 무리이고 너무 추상화되어 그의 역사이론을 모르면 이해하기 어려운 단점이 지적되고 있지만 기독교 신화를 다른 차원에서 볼 수 있는 발상의 전환과 상상력, 운문의 아름다움이 돋보인다. The purpose of this paper is to examine Yeats’s idea of history in Calvary. In it, Christ “dreams His passion through” and is confronted with images of those whom He cannot save: Lazarus, Judas, the Three Roman soldiers, who ask nothing of God, and Heron, Eagle, and Swan, which are content in their solitude. The episodes of Lazarus, Judas, the Roman soldiers and the chill detachment of the songs by Musicians express the “subjectivity” of a world detached from Christ and reveal the theme of Christ’s powerlessness to save those who can live without salvation. By means of dreaming-back, the feeling of distance from ordinary life is present through the whole play. And by using song, mask, dance, ritualized narration and stylized movement, Yeats hopes to attain the “distance from (ordinary) life which can make credible strange events, elaborate words.” The play reveals a larger pattern of universal order by presenting Christ’s ritual participation in its cycle and the meaning of the necessity of eternal change.

Is Imitation Conducive to Cooperation in Local Interaction Models?

윤기호 한국경제학회 2005 The Korean Economic Review Vol.21 No.2

We ask whether imitation is conducive to cooperation in local interaction models. We show that the prediction depends significantly on the specific imitation rules and interaction structures.

On the Optimal Allocation of Prizes in Contests

윤기호 한국계량경제학회 2014 계량경제학보 Vol.25 No.1

We characterize the optimal structure of prizes in contests, when the contest designer is interested in the maximization of either the expected total effort or the expected highest effort. The all-pay auction framework in the present paper makes it possible to derive most of the results in Moldovanu and Sela's (2001, American Economic Review, 542-558; 2006, Journal of Economic Theory, 70-96) incomplete-information model of contests in a particularly simple fashion, as well as to obtain new results.

Schottcky Diode를 이용한 X-Band 단일평형형 혼합기에 관한 연구 ( A Study on the Single Balanced Mixer in X-Band Using Schottcky-Barrier Dioders )

윤기호,박한규,김영웅 대한전자공학회 1985 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1985 No.6

방송시장에서의 배타적 중계권 계약유인에 관한 분석

윤기호 한국산업조직학회 2019 産業組織硏究 Vol.27 No.3

We study when and why exclusive contracts occur in broadcasting industries. In particular, we introduce competition in the upstream firms of content providers and analyze the equilibrium behavior using the Nash bargaining solution. We show that the probability of exclusive content provision increases when the value of premium contents increases, when the downstream competition in the subscriber market is fiercer due to lesser producer differentiation, or when the importance of advertising revenue for the content providers decreases. As for the exclusive content provision, we find that each content provider offers the exclusive contract to a different downstream firm rather than the same downstream firm when the value of premium contents decreases, or when the importance of advertising revenue for the content providers increases. We also show that, other things being equal, the probability of exclusive content provision increases when the bargaining power of the content providers weakens, and moreover, each content provider offers the exclusive contract to a different downstream firm when the bargaining power is sufficiently low. The consumer surplus and the social welfare is higher under non-exclusive provision than under exclusive provision. 본 논문은 방송콘텐츠 및 방송채널 시장에서 배타적 계약이 발생하는 이유를 분석하는 논문이다. 본 논문의 기여는 방송시장분석에서 상류시장에 경쟁을 도입한 점으로서, 두 개의 상류 콘텐츠 공급기업과 두 개의 하류 콘텐츠 수요기업인 플랫폼사업자가 존재하는 시장을 상정한다. 콘텐츠 거래시장은 내쉬 협상해(Nash bargaining solution)를 이용하고 소비자 시장은 호텔링(Hotelling) 모형을 이용하여 분석하며, 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 프리미엄콘텐츠의 가치가 증가할수록, 소비자 시장에서 플랫폼사업자간 차별성이 감소할수록, 그리고콘텐츠 공급기업이 광고로부터 얻는 수입의 중요성이 감소할수록 배타적 거래의 가능성이 커진다. 둘째, 배타적 거래 중에서는 프리미엄 콘텐츠의 가치가 감소할수록, 그리고 콘텐츠 공급기업이 광고로부터 얻는 수입의 중요성이 증가할수록 콘텐츠 공급기업들이 모두 동일한 하나의 플랫폼사업자에게 배타적 계약을 제시할 가능성에 비해 각각 서로 다른 플랫폼사업자에게배타적 계약을 제시할 가능성이 커진다. 셋째, 다른 조건이 동일할 때 플랫폼사업자 대비 콘텐츠 공급기업의 상대적 협상력이 작아질수록 배타적 계약의 가능성이 커지며, 상대적 협상력이충분히 작으면 콘텐츠 공급기업들이 각각 서로 다른 플랫폼사업자에게 배타적 계약을 제시한다. 넷째, 비배타적 계약에서의 소비자후생 및 사회후생이 배타적 계약에서의 소비자후생 및사회후생보다 크다.

갈등의 주제로 예이츠 초기 희곡 읽기

윤기호 한국예이츠학회 2010 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.34 No.-

Yeats has expended so much energy on theatre for the simple reason that his imagination was essentially dramatic. Just as in his lyrical poetry he was to find a way of embodying his conviction that conflict is at the root of life, so in his drama he was to develop techniques that enabled him to shape his vision into actable form. Despite great differences in subject matter and technique, Yeats's plays consistently dramatize the conflict between the opposing values: passion, intuition, heroism and self-assertion, on the one hand, reason, prudence, convention, community and self-submission, on the other hand. This paper studies the conflicts in Yeats's three early plays: the conflict between the poet Aleel's world of dreams and beauty and Cathleen's decision to sacrifice herself for the community in The Countess Cathleen, the conflict between the life-denying forces of moral orthodoxy and social conformism and gaiety and aesthetic vitality in The Land of Heart's Desire, and the conflict between the poet Forgael's transcendental journey and his companions' absorption in wine, women, and loot in The Shadowy Waters. Thus, conflict is a powerful instrument to dramatize Yeats's dramatic vision and these early plays, in spite of many failings, show the embryo of the recurrent theme of conflict in his more successful later plays.