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한국어 음운구 억양 유형의 변별적 특성과 변이 조건에 대한 연구: 음절 수와 분절음 종류의 영향을 중심으로
오재혁 한국음성학회 2022 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.14 No.3
This study identifies distinguishing features and variability of intonation patterns in Korean phonological phrases. Syllable count and segmental content, which are phonological conditions, of the intonation of phonological phrases were examined. Based on the four syllables, the intonation of a phonological phrase can be set to LHLH as the basic form, and syllable count acts as a condition for making a variation. The “3 syllables or less condition” changes the intonation from a curved line to a straight line. Variation occurs in pitch bandwidth and fluctuation according to segmental content. The first segment affects the phonological phrase formation bandwidth, and the following segment affects the pitch fluctuation. If the first segment has [+aspirate], [+tense], [+continuant], the intonation is formed in the high band, otherwise, it is formed in the low band. If the second or after segment in the intonation realized in the high band has [–aspirate], [–tense], [– continuant], the pitch is lowered to the lowest level of the low bandwidth. In the intonation realized in the low band, [+aspirate], [+tense], [+continuant] is blocked by the second descent of LHLH.
오재혁 고려대학교 한국언어문화학술확산연구소 2014 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.26 No.-
The aims of this study is to investigate the aspect of realizing Korean Intonation according to Chinese Korean learner’s proficiency. Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced learners in groups of 10, a total of 30 learners were analyzed. For comparison, Korean utterances material of 10 people were used. As a result, Korean and Chinese Korean learners have differences in intonation three major output, respectively. First, the Chinese Korean learners made a lot of changes of pitch movement more than the Koreans. Second, the Chinese Korean learners made a lot of maximum and minimum number of vertices within utterances more than the Koreans. Third, The start pitch of utterances of the Chinese Korean learners was significantly higher than the Koreans. 이 연구는 한국인과 중국인 학습자의 한국어 억양 실현 양상을 비교 분석하여 중국인을 위한 한국어 억양 교육에 기초 자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 진행하였다. 초급, 중급, 고급 학습자 10명씩 총 30명의 발화 자료를 분석하였으며, 비교 대상으로 한국인 10명의 발화 자료를 이용하였다. 그 결과 중국인 학습자가 한국인과 억양 산출에서 보이는 차이는 크게 세 가지로 나타났다. 첫째 한국인에 비해서 음높이 움직임의 변동을 많이 만들어 냈다. 둘째 한국인에 비해서 중국인 학습자에서 발화 내에서 최고, 최저 음높이 정점의 수가 많이 나타났다. 셋째 한국인에 비해서 중국인 학습자는 발화 시작의 음높이가 유의미하게 높았다.
오재혁 고려대학교 한국언어문화학술확산연구소 2012 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.20 No.-
이 연구에서는 나사렛 아동 말뭉치를 이용하여 2세부터 5세까지의 아동을 대상으로 종결 억양 사용 빈도 양상을 관찰하였다. 아동의 연령에 따른 종결 억양 습득 과정 및 발달 양상은 문어의 형태소 습득 순서 및 발달 양상과 마찬가지로 구어의 문법소 발달 양상을 살필 수 있는 좋은 요소이다. 이 연구에서 관찰한 결과 하강 억양은 3세 이후에 사용 빈도가 급격하게 줄고 상승 억양은 3세 이후에 사용이 관찰되기 시작한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 굴곡 억양은 2세~4세까지는 곧은 억양에 비해서 적게 사용되나, 5세에 이르면 곧은 억양과 비슷한 비율로 사용된다는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. In this study Usage frequency of Utterance final intonation appears in children age 2 to 5 years were observed. Observed in this study are as follows: after 3 years old the fall intonation sharply reduced the frequency of use. Rising intonation is observed after 3 years old. At the age of 5, contour intonation is used as a high rate.
오재혁,신지영 한국어학회 2007 한국어학 Vol.34 No.-
The purpose of this study is that there is whether free alternation of the noun final is related to collision of the phonetic realization. When the alternation state among the nouns of showing alternation is realized, there are some words that is appeared the phonetic collision with another words. By the way they use for the last constituent of a compound and circumstance of the phonetic collision disappears. Therefore the aim of this study is to compare a phonetic actualization condition between while it is simplex and compound as it is that the words show collision of the phonetic realization. There were 7 experiment - words and I took the experiment with 11 subjects for realizing a phonetic actualization condition. As a result, there were 5 words which were related to alternation of the noun final of alternation, but left 2 words weren't related to alternation of the noun final and collision of the phonetic realization. 5 words that is related to collision of the phonetic realization came out avoiding collision of the phonetic realization at a high rate with realizing back to phoneme while it is used for simplex. Moreover it is realized back to phoneme at very low rate because collision of the phonetic realization disappeared while it is used for compound. These words were all low-frequency ones. On the one hand 2 words that was not related to alternation of the noun final and collision of the phonetic realization realized back to phoneme at a high rate without relation to both of circumstances, simplex and compound. These words were all high-frequency ones.
소아에서 플루오린 함유 치약 섭취 후 발생한 출혈 위염 1례
오재혁,김유빈,이지숙 대한소아응급의학회 2020 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2
Fluoride is one of the most reactive elements in nature, and commonly used in toothpaste since it helps to prevent cavities. Despite this advantage, excessive ingestion of fluoride can cause acute toxicity and gastric disturbance from hydrofluoric acid that was formed in the stomach. We report a case of previously healthy, 41-month-old girl who visited the emergency department with persistent abdominal pain and hematemesis after ingestion of fluoride-containing toothpaste. Though the ingested dose of fluoride was below the toxic dose, serious symptoms developed. We performed esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and confirmed a hemorrhagic gastritis caused by hydrofluoric acid. The girl was uneventfully discharged on day 3 after receiving conservative care. When managing children who ingested fluoride-containing toothpaste, physicians need to consider their symptoms, not the ingested amount. In addition, parents should be cautious when their children use fluoridecontaining toothpaste.
중국인 한국어 학습자의 발성 유형에 따른 한국어 폐쇄음의 변별 지각 양상
오재혁 국제한국언어문화학회 2013 한국언어문화학 Vol.10 No.1
본 연구는 중국인 한국어 초급 학습자들을 대상으로 어두 초성 환경과 어중 초성 환경에서 한국어 폐쇄음의 발성 유형에 따른 변별적 지각 양상이 어떻게 나타나는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 16명의 피험자들을 대상으로 총 192개의 자극을 만들어 지각 실험을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 어두 초성 환경에서 평음과 격음을 구별하지 못하는 비율이 오지각 전체 중에 91.2%라는 결과를 보였으며, 어중 초성에서는 어두 초성과 달리 평음과 경음을 변별하지 못하는 비율이 100%라는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 실제 교육 현장에서 발음 교육을 할 때 교육 내용 및 평가 방법 등을 개발하는 데 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This study aims to analyze distinctive perceptual aspect of Korean stop by phonation type. To achieve this, I carry out perception test of phoneme discrimination using 192 stimuli. There are 16 subjects participated in this study. As a result, the non-distinctive rate between lenis and aspirated is highest among the total mis-judged perception rate in word-initial and the non-distinctive rate between lenis and fortis is highest among the total mis-judged perception rate in word-medial. The distinctive perceptual aspect of lenis, aspirated, fortis are dissimilar in word initial and word medial. Therefore, Chinese Learners beginning to study Korean need distinctive education in word-initial and word-medial. Furthermore, acoustic-phonetic properties which are differences of pitch of the following vowel and differences of closure duration should be used in teaching for chinese learners. The results of this study can be used as a basic data to make evaluation contents and methods in teaching pronunciation of Korean.
한국어 음운구 억양 유형의 변별적 특성과 변이 조건에 대한 연구 - 형태소 경계의 영향을 중심으로 -
오재혁 ( Oh Jea-hyuk ) 영주어문학회 2022 영주어문 Vol.52 No.-
이 연구는 한국어 음운구 억양의 변별적 특성과 변이 조건을 밝히기 위한 목적의 일환으로 형태소 경계가 음운구 억양에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 진행되었다. 단어내부의 형태소 경계, 단어와 조사 결합에 의한 형태소 경계, 형태소 경계가 없는 단일어를 대상으로 실험 자료를 구성하였으며, 20∼30대 여성 표준어 화자 23명의 실험 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 형태소 경계는 음운구 억양에 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 형태소 경계에 의한 음운구 억양의 영향을 알아보는 것이 실험의 목적이 었음에도 불구하고, 형태소 경계에 의한 영향보다 음절 수와 분절음의 종류가 더 강력하게 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 말하면, 음절 수가 많을수록 낮게 시작하는 음운구에서는 음운구의 30% 지점의 음높이가 높아지고, 높게 시작하는 음운구에서는 음운구의 70% 지점의 음높이가 낮아진다. 한편 이처럼 음절 수 구성에 따라 영향을 받는 지점의 음높이 변이는 음절 수 구성보다 분절음 종류에 의한 영향이 더 앞선다. This study was conducted to reveal the effect of morpheme boundaries on phonological intonation as part of the purpose of elucidating the distinguishing features and variability of intonation patterns in Korean phonological phrases. Experimental data were constructed for morpheme boundaries within words, morpheme boundaries due to word-particle combination boundaries, and simple words without morpheme boundaries and data from 23 female standard language speakers in their 20s and 30s were analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that the morpheme boundary did not affect the intonation. Although the purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of morpheme boundaries, it was found that the syllable count had the greatest effect on the experimental words composed of various syllables. Specifically, it was found that as the number of syllables increased, the pitch at 30% of the phonetic phrase was higher in the phonological phrase starting low, and the pitch at the 70% point in the phonetic phrase starting high was lowered. In addition, the effect of segmental content was also confirmed. As such, the pitch variation at the point affected by the composition of the syllable count was found to be preceded by the condition of the segmental content rather than the composition of the syllable count.
자유 발화 자료에서 나타나는 한국어 억양 곡선의 기울기 특성에 대한 연구
오재혁(Oh, Jeahyuk) 한국음성학회 2014 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.6 No.1
This study aims to discuss pitch slope on Korean intonation curve in spontaneous speech data. For this study, 656 utterances were taken in the spoken corpus and used ‘close-copy stylization’. And then the physical feature of pitch movements was extracted for the study. The pitch slope was calculated on the basis of time and pitch range in each utterance. As a result, the average and distribution of pitch slope is similar between men and women in the range of the pitch movement except for essential differences. The slope of pitch movement confirms that there are no differences between men and women. Pitch slope on a scale of -10 to 10 is 90% of the entire pitch slope; pitch slope that moves by time scale without curve is 33.1%; pitch slope that moves half of the pitch bandwidth during the average time for pitch movement is 23.4%; pitch slope that moves 100% of pitch bandwidth during a half of the average time for pitch movement is 10.4%. Those results imply the possibility of standardization methods of Korean intonation by pitch slope.