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오윤주 경희대학교 교육대학원 2018 국내석사
본 연구는 교육대학원에 재학 중인 예비 중등 영어교사가 교육 실습과정 기간에 성찰 보고서를 통해서 교사로서 무엇을 배우고 변화가 일어나는 과정을 탐구하였다. 더불어서 이러한 성찰적인 자세가 향후 교사로서의 전문성과 자기 인식도에 대한 향상에 도움이 되는지 알아보고자 한다. 따라서 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하고 자전적인 연구를 진행하였다. 첫째, 교육현장실습 동안 “나”는 교육적 경험을 통해 무엇을 배우고 변화가 있었는가? 둘째, 교육현장실습의 경험이 예비교사인 “나”에게 교사로서의 진로에 대한 영향을 미쳤는가? 위의 연구 목적을 수행하기 위하여 4주간의 교육실습 기간의 매일 성찰 보고서와 교수일지 작성 및 예비 동료 교사 수업참관록을 작성하였고 자세한 성찰 보고서를 작성하기 위해서 수업 동영상을 촬영하였다. 교육 실습 기간 동안 수집된 자료들은 근거이론을 바탕으로 분석되었다. 그 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 연구결과 예비 중등 영어교사가 교육 실습을 통해서 수업에 대한 성찰, 학습에 대한 성찰, 진로에 대한 성찰과 같이 3가지로 나타났다. 교육 실습을 하는 동안 전문적인 교사처럼 수업하면서 교수법 및 지도안 작성, 협력 수업을 통한 학습자에 대한 동기부여, 교사와 학생 간의 친밀감 형성, 예비 교사의 역할과 교직에 이상과 현실에 대한 괴리를 반성하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 교육 실습에 대한 성찰은 예비 중등 영어교사가 전문적인 교사로 나아가기 위해서 자신에 대해서 살펴볼 수 있으며 전문적인 교사로 나아가는 데 필요한 과정이다. 이와 같은 연구결과에 따라 교육대학원의 재학하고 있는 예비 중등교사 및 교육실습을 나가게 되는 예비 교사가 교육 실습현장에서의 경험을 바탕으로 성찰을 하면서 교육현장을 경험하고 전문적인 교사로서 발돋움하는 과정을 알아볼 수 있었다. 또한, 이러한 과정이 자신에 대해 돌이켜 보며 교사가 지녀야 할 자질에 대한 함양을 기를 수 있도록 도와줄 것이다. 마지막으로 교육대학원 예비영어교사의 대학원의 모습과 교육 실습을 통한 장기간의 연구가 이루어진다면 교육대학원에 재학하고 있는 예비 영어교사들의 성장 과정을 체계적으로 연구할 수 있는 계기가 될 것이다. This study examined reflections of a pre-service teacher at the Graduate School of Education at a university located at the southern part of Gyeonggi-province . A pre-service teacher wrote reflection papers during the 4-week long practicum sessions. The reflection papers included the pre-service teacher’s experiences, curricular and instructional activities during their practicum session. The purpose of the research was to examined how the pre-service teacher made an effort to improve teaching to become a better teacher in future. Research questions are followed as: First, during the practicum experience, how did the identity of ‘I’ shift from a student to a teacher’s perspective? Second, what did the ‘I’ learn and develop through the experience? For the four week practicum period, the researcher collected and analyzed her reflection papers and teaching observation journals. In order to sufficiently capture teaching experience more vividly, some class periods were recorded to complement the written papers and journals. Then a grounded theory was utilized to analyze the data collected from the research. The result showed three significant patterns of reflection: in class participation, learning perspectives and finally changing oneself as a future teacher. One of the notable features identified from the data was the gap between the theory and practice which includes approaches and methods, lesson planning, motivating co-teaching, establishing rapport with students name a few. All in all, the reflection process is a vital aspect for the pre-service teacher to become a better and competitive teacher in future. In this study, it was possible to understand real aspects of the educational graduate school practicum and the difficulties that pre-service teachers are confronted with. Accordingly, the findings of this study help understand how a pre-service English teacher makes sense of her practicum experience. Moreover, the reflection on one’s own teaching is vital in helping the pre-service teacher develop herself into a more effective teaching in future.
Target Prompting 기반 Text-to-Image 모델에 대한 멤버십 추론 공격
최근 생성 모델이 발전함에 따라 생성 모델을 위협하는 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문은 Text-to-Image 모델에 대한 멤버십 추론 공격을 위한 새로운 제안 방법을 소개한다. 기존의 Text-to-Image 모델에 대한 멤버십 추론 공격은 쿼리 이미지의 caption으로 단일 이미지를 생성하여 멤버십을 추론하였다. 반면, 본 논문은 Textual Inversion을 통해 쿼리 이미지에 personalization된 임베딩을 사용하고, Adversarial Prompt 생성 방법으로 여러 장의 이미지를 효과적으로 생성하는 멤버십 추론 공격을 제안한다. 또한, Text-to-Image 모델 중 주목받고 있는 Stable Diffusion 모델에 대해 멤버십 추론 공격을 최초로 진행하였으며, 최대 1.00의 Accuracy를 달성한다. In recent years, as generative models have developed, research that threatens them has also been actively conducted. We propose a new membership inference attack against text-to-image model. Existing membership inference attacks on Text-to-Image models produced a single image as captions of query images. On the other hand, this paper uses personalized embedding in query images through Textual Inversion. And we propose a membership inference attack that effectively generates multiple images as a method of generating Adversarial Prompt. In addition, the membership inference attack is tested for the first time on the Stable Diffusion model, which is attracting attention among the Text-to-Image models, and achieve an accuracy of up to 1.00.
도성도(都城圖)는 당시의 회화 경향과 지리 인식을 드러내는 고지도 유형 중 하나이다. 일반적으로 도성도는 남쪽의 한강 유역과 한성부(漢城府) 관할 구역으로 화면을 구성하여 도성 주변의 자연경관을 산수화풍으로 표현하고, 도성 내의 건물과 교통 체계와 같은 인문지리 정보를 나타낸다. 도성도 연구는 유형 분류와 회화적 분석 등 미술사적 고찰과 도성도에 나타난 지리 정보를 통한 인문학적 연구가 주를 이루며, 재료에 대한 과학적 분석과 인문학적 고찰을 동반한 도성도 제작기법 연구는 한정적으로 진행하고 있어 다양한 기관에서 소장하고 있는 고지도의 제작기법을 연구할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 영남대학교박물관 소장 〈도성도(都城圖)〉를 대상으로 기초 조사와 과학적 분석, 회화적 고찰을 거쳐 원본을 조사하고, 재료기법 실험과 인문학적 고찰을 통하여 원본을 분석하고 손상 부분을 복원하며, 원본의 제작기법을 연구하고자 한다. 또한, 이를 토대로 과학적 조사와 회화적 분석, 인문학적 고찰을 결합한 복원모사본를 제작하고, 원본의 제작 당시 모습을 찾아 〈도성도〉가 갖는 가치를 재확인하여 고지도 연구의 한 방법을 제시하는 데에 연구 목적을 둔다. 〈도성도〉는 한양 도성과 그 주변의 경치를 원형 구도로 그린 고지도이다. 18세기 유행한 정선의 화풍과 실경산수 풍을 나타내어 18세기 이후 활발하게 제작한 도성도의 유형을 따르고 있다. 장시, 성균관 일대에서 비교적 자세한 묘사를 보이며 한강 유역을 넓게 표현한 것이 특징이다. 실견을 통하여 원본을 실측하고 손상 상태를 관찰한 후 이를 기록하였다. 이후 비파괴 조사를 기반으로 한 과학적 분석을 통하여 원본의 바탕재와 안료를 추정하였다. 현미경 촬영와 시료 조사를 거쳐 〈도성도〉의 바탕재가 한 장의 한지인 것을 알 수 있었고, XRF 조사와 현미경 촬영을 기반으로 진사, 석간주, 등황, 청화와 같이 원본에 사용한 안료를 추정하였다. 다음으로 회화적 표현을 고찰하여 유사 지도와 구분되는 특징을 살펴보았다. 선묘에서는 훈좌, 성균관 일대 수림, 암석에서 몇몇 유사 지도와의 공통점을, 성균관과 창경궁, 종묘 일대와 북신문 등에서 〈도성도〉만의 특징적인 도상을 찾아볼 수 있었다. 채색에서는 중부의 황색과 북부의 흑색에서 유사 지도와의 공통점을, 목멱산과 한강 유역, 성곽에서 특징적인 표현을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 원본 조사 결과를 바탕으로 원본의 제작기법을 연구하였다. 바탕재 처리 실험을 통하여 원본에 가장 적합한 바탕재 처리 조건을 도출하였다. 다음으로는 원본의 선묘 및 채색 실험작을 제작하여 원본의 선묘를 습득하고 모사본 제작 시 원본과의 차이를 줄이도록 하였다. 더불어 추정 안료를 바탕으로 한 색표를 제작하여 원본과 비교한 후 결과를 기록하여 모사본 제작에 활용하도록 했다. 이후 주기 및 지명 분석을 통하여 원본의 지리 정보가 나타내는 시기와 유사 지도를 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 원본의 손상 상태를 디지털 복원하였다.또한 접힌 상태에서의 마모와 권연벌레 등으로 인한 결실을 바탕으로 접포장 순서를 밝혀 접포장 형식의 지도였던 〈도성도〉의 장황 원형을 추정하였다. 앞선 원본 조사와 분석을 바탕으로 복원모사본을 제작하였다. 분석 결과와 같이 원본에 나타난 다양한 계통의 선묘를 표현하고, 유기안료를 중심으로 연하게 채색하였다. 채색 과정에서는 색표 비교 결과를 참고하여 원본과의 차이를 줄이도록 하였다. 주기 및 지명 모서는 원본의 서체가 나타내는 특징을 그대로 드러낼 수 있도록 하며, 크기가 작은 지명의 획순을 생략하거나 뭉개지 않도록 유의하였다. 복원모사본의 장황 형식은 전시의 효과를 위하여 유사 지도의 형식을 살펴본 후 판 형태로 장황하였다. 제작한 복원모사본은 원본과의 비교를 통하여 차이점을 관찰하고, 이를 보완한 후 촬영하여 완성하였다. 본 논문 영남대학교박물관 소장 〈도성도〉 연구는 3가지의 의의가 있다. 첫 번째, 〈도성도〉가 갖는 가치를 재확인였다. 유사 지도와의 비교를 통하여 〈도성도〉의 높은 완성도와 자세한 묘사, 독립적인 표현을 찾을 수 있었다. 두 번째,과학적 조사와 회화적 분석, 인문학적 고찰을 결합한 고지도 모사본 제작 방법을 제시하였다. 과학적 조사를 통하여 원본을 조사하고, 유사 지도와의 비교를 통하여 원본과의 공통점과 차이점을 분석하며, 유사 지도와 참고문헌을 토대로 원본의 제작기법 연구를 위한 인문학적 고찰을 진행하였다. 세 번째, 손상 부분을 토대로 접포장 형식의 장황 원형을 추정하였다. 본래 접포식 지도였으나 현재 개장된 〈도성도〉의 마모와 결실 정도를 통하여 접는 순서를 분석할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 본 연구가 앞으로의 고지도 모사본 제작 연구에 있어서 한 방법이 될 수 있기를 기대한다. Doseongdo is a representative type of old map that reveals the painting trend and geographic perception of the Joseon Dynasty in the 18th century. In general, Doseongdo is composed of a screen under the jurisdiction of the Hanseong-bu to express the natural scenery around the capital city in a landscape style, and represents human geography information such as buildings and transportation systems inside the capital city. Doseongdo of the Yeungnam University Museum is an old map depicting the Hanseong-bu and its surrounding scenery in a circular composition. It shows the painting style of Jeongseon, which were popular in the 18th century, following the type of Doseongdo that was actively produced since the 18th century. It is characterized by a relatively detailed description of the Hangang River basin in the areas of Jangsi and Sungkyunkwan. Existing research on Doseongdo is mainly focused on art history and humanities studies, and research on production techniques accompanied by scientific analysis and humanities studies is limited. This limited research on Doseongdo production techniques was carried out in the 2011 and 2016 Doseongdo of the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studiesreplica production projects conducted by the Kyujanggak. Restoration reproduction is basically chosen for the project to produce the copy of the old map, which is centered on the Kyujanggak. Restoration reproduction is meaningful in that it can restore and consider the pictorial, geographical, and humanities values of the old map based on the original research. However, the project is not large, targeting the old map owned by Kyujanggak with an average of 1-3 points a year. For this reason, it is necessary to study the production technique of old maps owned by various institutions. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the original through basic investigation, scientific analysis, and humanistic consideration, analyze the original and restore the damaged part through material technique experiments and humanities considerations, and study the original production technique. The purpose of this study is to produce a reproduction that combines scientific investigation, conversational analysis, and humanities consideration, and to find the original at the time of production and reaffirm the value of Doseongdo and present a method of old maps research. After examining the existing studies of Doseongdo through basic investigation and organizing the list of similar maps, the original was measured through real sight, the damage was observed, and it was recorded. It was possible to observe the folding marks of the original by visual investigation, and the deletion of the base material and the excitation fibers on the screen by white and blue light irradiation. In addition, the current state of the original was recorded through high-resolution imaging and ultraviolet imaging. Through ultraviolet imaging, the contamination of the screen including carbon and the mixed color layer to be eaten was confirmed. Next, the base material and pigment of the original were estimated through scientific analysis based on non-destructive irradiation. Through microscopic examination and sample irradiation, it was found that the base material of Doseongdo was a single piece of Korean paper, and the pigments used in the original such as cinnabar, gamboge, and indigo were estimated based on XRF irradiation and microscopic examination. After that, the current color information of the original was recorded through colorimetric measurement. Furthermore, the study examined the characteristics that distinguish them from similar maps by examining the pictorial expressions. The line drawings of Doseongdo could be divided into humanities geographic information and natural geographic information. In the comparison of line drawings with similar maps, the commonalities with several similar maps in Hunjwa, forests in the Seonggyungwan area, and rocks were found, and the characteristic iconography of Doseongdo was found in Sungkyunkwan, Changgyeonggung Palace, Jongmyo area, and Buksinmun. The color mixing technique using organic pigments appeared by painting the color of Doseongdo with a saturation. In the comparison of colors with similar maps, the similarities with the similar maps in the central yellow and northern black areas were found, and the characteristic expressions in Mokmyeoksan Mountain, the Hangang River basin, and the fortress were found. Based on the results of scientific investigations, the original production technique was studied. The most suitable conditions for processing the base material for the original were derived through the background material treatment experiment, and the most appropriate condition was to apply about 2% of the rabbit glue and 0.16% of white alum, and painting three times. Next, by producing the original line drawing and coloring experimental work, the original line drawing was acquired, and the difference from the original was reduced when producing the simulated copy. In addition, a color table based on the estimated pigment was produced, compared with the original, and the results were recorded and used to produce the simulated copy. Afterwards, through period and place name analysis, a map similar to the time indicated by the geographic information of the original was reviewed, and based on this, the damage state of the original was digitally restored. In addition, the order of folding packaging was revealed based on the abrasion in the folded state and the damage caused by insects, and the prototype of Doseongdo, which was a map in the form of folding packaging, was estimated. Based on the previous investigation and analysis of the original, a restored copy was produced. In the coloring process, the difference from the original was reduced by referring to the comparison results of the color scheme. The place name was careful not to omit the stroke order of the small place name, so that the characteristics of the original font could be revealed as it is. The form of the restored copy was decorated in the form of a plate after examining the form of similar maps for the effect of the exhibition. The produced restored copy was completed by observing the difference through comparison with the original, supplementing it, and photographing it. In this paper, the study of Doseongdo of the Yeungnam University Museum has three significances. First, the value of Doseongdo was reaffirmed. Previous studies have estimated that Doseongdo is a replica, but high completeness, detailed description, and independent expression of Doseongdo were found through comparison with similar maps. In addition, similarities with the expression of the 18th century Doseongdo were found in pictorial expressions and iconography, and in place names and some expressions, the 19th century Doseongdo and commonality were found. Therefore, Doseongdo can be said to be a rare type of Doseongdo that has the characteristics of both the 18th century Doseongdo and the 19th century Doseongdo. Second, a method of producing an old map reproduction combining scientific investigation, pictorial analysis, and humanities considerations was presented. The original was investigated through scientific investigation, the similarities and differences with the original were analyzed through comparison with similar maps, and a humanities review was conducted to study the original production technique based on similar maps and references. Based on this multi-faceted approach, it was possible to examine the original production techniques and characteristics in more detail, and through this, the value of reproduction can be found in that it can play a role in replacing, analyzing, researching, and preserving the original. Third, based on the damaged part, the prototype of the folding packaging type was estimated. It was possible to analyze the folding order through the degree of wear and tear of the currently opened Doseongdo. Such a process can help in the process of restoring the original shape of the folding map opened later on, such as Doseongdo. Accordingly, it is expected that this study can be a method for future research on the production of old map copies.
개인정보처리자와 정보주체를 위한 개인정보 다크패턴 가이드라인 연구
오윤주 동국대학교 국제정보보호대학원 2025 국내석사
This study systematically analyzes the concept and types of dark patterns related to personal data protection and aims to propose practical guidelines to help data controllers and data subjects recognize and mitigate the risks of dark patterns. The research organizes definitions and classifications of dark patterns and compares regulatory frameworks in key regions, including South Korea, the European Union (GDPR), and the United States (CCPA). Based on this analysis, detailed recommendations and precautions are presented for both data controllers and data subjects, ensuring the protection of individual autonomy and enabling data controllers to fulfill their ethical responsibilities through practical standards. The study highlights the negative impact of dark patterns on individuals' rights and privacy, providing cases of violations and proposing solutions for improvement. In particular, the research addresses the regulatory and ethical gaps by offering specific management guidelines and precautions for 11 types of dark patterns, which can be practically applied by stakeholders. The findings contribute to raising awareness of personal data dark patterns and empowering data subjects to exercise their right to self-determination actively. At the same time, it assists data controllers in practicing transparent and fair data management. However, the study acknowledges limitations, including subjective interpretations and the lack of verification of practical applicability. Follow-up research is required to evaluate and refine the effectiveness of the proposed guidelines. This study is expected to enhance trust between data subjects and data controllers and improve the overall level of personal data protection in the digital environment.
영어 동화를 활용한 영문법 수업이 독해력에 미치는 영향
오윤주 국민대학교 교육대학원 2012 국내석사
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of using storybooks for English grammar lessons to improve reading comprehension. Currently this teaching method is not being used in our public or private schools. The trend in Korea is to teach English language skills at all levels of our education system. The Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology has released a plan to start a new program called National English Ability Test(NEAT) which will begin in 2016. So, the communicative language teaching methods and experience-oriented lessons are very popular across our nation. There are many ways to learn English. We can even find English words with our cellular phones since most have English dictionaries. However, the importance of learning both English grammar and reading comprehension is continuously growing. Many scholars have started research to determine how we can most efficiently accomplish the English language acquisition process. This is the reason I have done this research on English grammar and reading comprehension ability using storybooks. Storybooks with visual content can easily motivate students, while making it fun to learn English in all its forms. The subjects of this study were 20 students between the ages 20 and 50. They attended an English private institute in Ilsan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. The students were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group. They were collected according to their registration day and English leveling test results. This experiment was conducted for 30 days; starting from March 5 through March 23 for the control group, and from April 2 through April 20 for the experimental group. Both groups were given a pre-test. The pre-test was used to determine if the students were at similar levels in English reading comprehension ability. Statistically, it was proven that they were a homogeneous group and could be used for this study. For 15 days, the control group was taught English grammar, through an established method, using the grammar lessons of the institute. The materials used were: a textbook and some additional hand-outs. The hand-outs showed more detailed information about each day’s grammar. The experimental group used the same materials with the addition of two storybooks with the titles of Cinderella and 101 Dalmatians. The hand-outs also included the background of the stories and associated characters. They took turns reading the storybooks and then performed related exercises of fill in the blank and sentence correction. The results of this study were summarized as follows: The control group, who used only the materials of the institute, took the post-test and improved their reading comprehension ability by only 2 points on average. These students made no comments or gave opinions concerning their English grammar lessons. The experimental group, who were taught English grammar through the storybooks, improved significantly in reading comprehension ability. They improved their score by 8 points on average when they took the post-test. This improvement was 400% better than the control group. The students belonging to this group also stated that they enjoyed the class and that it helped their understanding of the language studied. One student even said that they were going to buy more storybooks and repeat the same study process to improve their English skills. In conclusion, the results showed that using storybooks significantly improved the learning ability in the area of reading comprehension. It also showed that when you make a lesson more fun, by using something like storybooks, it can help the overall improvement of language learning skills.
샤갈의 회화세계에 관한 연구 : 표현의 구성요소적 특징을 중심으로
오윤주 홍익대학교 교육대학원 2005 국내석사
20세기 현대미술사는 소위 유파의 시대였다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 20세기 초 세잔느, 고흐, 고갱 등 후기 인상주의를 발단으로 하여 표현주의에 직접 영향받은 야수파와 다다이즘, 추상주의, 초현실주의, 에꼴 드 파리(Ecole de paris)등의 여러 미술 사조들이 각 각의 주장을 달리하며 유파를 형성하고 서로 영향을 주고 받으며 교류하고 왕성한 활동을 하던 시기였기 때문이다. 이러한 회화적 배경을 고려해 볼 때, 동 시대의 화단을 풍미하면서도 그의 긴 생애에 걸쳐 특정 유파에 종속되지 않고 자신만의 독특하고 창조적인 예술세계를 펼쳐온 마르크 샤갈이 20세기 세계화단의 세 거장들 중 하나로 평가받고 있는 것은 그만한 가치가 있다고 본다. 보헤미안의 한 동료로부터 ‘시인’이라는 애칭으로 불릴 정도로 문화적이고 종교적이며 민속적인 이야기에 애정을 쏟은 샤갈은, 이로 인해 때로는 극단적인 전위 미술가들의 비판의 대상이 되기도 했으나, 영혼에의 꿈과 향수의 갈망으로 슬라브(Slave)민족 특유의 격정적이고 신비로운 유다이즘(Judaism)의 정서를 가지고, 회화표현 속에 자율적이고 순수한 구성으로 우리에게 사랑과 희망, 환상을 안겨주는 초자연적인 작품 세계를 그림으로써 범공감대를 형성하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 샤갈의 작품 세계는, 주제와 표현의 자율성과 다수의 공감대 형성을 통한 특정유파의 소속이라는 현대미술의 특성과 비교해 볼 때 엄연히 차별화 된 길을 걷고 있었음을 느끼게 한다. 다양한 회화표현에 구성요소의 결합을 통해 그 만의 정서로 창조된 세계가 수많은 사람들의 경의의 대상이 되고 공감을 얻을 수 있었음을 상기해볼 때, 분명 그의 작품 세계가 예술의 본질에 대해 시사하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있겠다. It is not too much to say that the history of modern art in the 20th century was so-called the age of schools. It is because it was the period when various arts trends such as Fauvism, Dadaism, abstractionism, surrealism and Ecole de Paris directly affected by expressionism starting from postimpressionism with Paul Cezanne, Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin at the beginning of the 20th century made different claims, formed schools, affected and exchanged one another, and were very active. In consideration of such background of painting, I see that it is worth it that Marc Chagal who swayed contemporary painting circles and developed his own peculiar and creative world of art not depending on a particular school throughout his long life is evaluated to be one of the three masters in the painting circles of the world in the 20th century. Chagal who gave great affection to cultural, religious and folk stories to the extent that he was called by his pet name of 'a poet' by one Bohemian fellow, he was sometimes criticized by extreme avant-garde artists, but formed general sympathy by painting supernatural world of works which provide us with love, hope and fantasy by the autonomous, pure construction in his expressions of painting with passionate, mysterious Judaistic sentiment peculiar to Slavs by vision for soul and nostalgic thirst. The world of works make us feel that it was walking a certainly discriminated way when compared with the characteristics of modern art that it belonged to a particular school through its autonomous motives and expressions and the sympathy formed among many. It will be said that his world of works is clearly very suggestive to the essence of art when I recall that the world created by the sentiment proper to him through combining components with various expressions of painting could be respected and sympathized with by numerous people.