Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Lettuce Grown in High Tunnels and Open Field

오명민,Edward E. Carey,C. B. Rajashekar 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.2

Genotype along with growing and management conditions can affect the content and the composition of phytochemicals in plants. Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars, ‘Baronet’ and ‘Red Sails,’ were grown in an open field and high tunnels to examine the effect of growing conditions on their phytochemical content. The total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity of lettuce increased in response to transplanting from greenhouse to both open field and high tunnels. However, the increase was much greater when seedlings were transplanted to the open field and was more than 4 fold over the pre-transplant stage. The concentrations of two major phenolic compounds, chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid, were about 2.5-5.5 times higher in both cultivars when grown in open field than in high tunnels. Also, growing lettuce in open field resulted in a greater activation of key genes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, L-galactose dehydrogenase and γ-tocopherol methyl transferase) involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. ‘Red Sails’ accumulated caffeic acid 4 times as much in open field as it did in high tunnels and overall contained higher amount of phenolic compounds, especially in open field, than did Baronet. Although lettuce plants grown in open field were richer in phytochemicals, a significant reduction in biomass accumulation occurred when the lettuce plants were grown in open field compared to high tunnels regardless of cultivar. These results show that growing conditions, in addition to genotype, can significantly affect the content of many phenolic compounds in lettuce and that growing lettuce under open field can have a positive impact on its health-promoting qualities.

Growth of Potato Plantlets in a Nutrient-circulated Micropropagation System under Different Supporting Materials and Nutrient Supply Cycles

오명민,장일,박현준,손정익 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.2

Various supporting materials (rockwool, perlite, vermiculite, and polyurethane) and nutrient supply cycles (12, 24, 36, and 48 h) were examined to determine the optimum condition for photoautotrophic micropropagation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dejima) plantlets in a nutrient-circulated micropropagation system. Compared to rockwool, perlite, and vermiculite, polyurethane with large air space in its porosity had low water retention power resulting in low water content. All the growth factors of in vitro potato plantlets grown on rockwool, perlite and vermiculite for 28 days were greater than those grown on polyurethane. The plantlets grown on rockwool had 8-fold higher dry weight than those grown on polyurethane. Optimum nutrient supply cycles of perlite, rockwool, and vermiculite were 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. This result implied that the range of optimum nutrient supply cycle was influenced by water retention characteristics of supporting materials. This nutrient supply cycle in each supporting material was the condition to maintain the water content of 50% to 70% in the supporting material. The results on ex vitro growth and survival rate14 days after transplanting were similar to those on in vitro growth suggesting the importance of in vitro environmental control for plant mass production by micropropagation. Thus, supporting materials and nutrient supply cycles were crucial environmental factors to control water content of root-zone and the growth of potato plantlets in the nutrient-circulated photoautotrophic mass propagation system.

Physicochemical Properties of Mixtures of Inorganic Supporting Materials Affect Growth of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plantlets Cultured Photoautotrophically in a Nutrient-circulated Micropropagation System

오명민,서정혁,박종석,손정익 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.6

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of physicochemical properties of inorganic supporting materials on the growth of potato plantlets in a nutrient-circulated photoautotrophic micropropagation (NCM) system. Nine mixtures consisting of combinations of perlite and/or vermiculite with three particle sizes (PL, PM, and PS =perlite large, medium, and small; VL, VM, and VS = vermiculite large, medium, and small, respectively) were used to cultivate potato plantlets in the NCM system. The ratios of vermiculite to perlite in the nine mixtures were determined by cation exchange capacity (CEC) and three distinct levels of water content. Among the nine mixtures with different values of porosity, bulk density, pH, and EC, the mixtures with high ratios of PS or VS had higher levels of water content, total porosity, and water-filled porosity than those with high ratios of PL or VL. Water holding capacity increased in mixtures with high levels of vermiculite. The EC and pH ranges of all mixtures were 1.2 to 2.5 mS・cm-1 and 6.3 to 7.2, respectively. Two mixtures containing 40 and 50% VS had exceptionally the highest EC and pH values. The optimum perlite and vermiculite content for potato plantlet growth was found in two treatments (PL:VL = 30:70 and PM:PS:VL:VM = 20:10:40:0) with a water content of 37% to 47% and CEC of approximately 17 cmol・kg-1. Regardless of the mixtures of supporting materials, conventional polycarbonate culture boxes retarded the growth of potato plantlet as compared with the NCM system. In conclusion, this study showed that the combinations of vermiculite and perlite with different particle sizes made different physical and chemical properties, and some of these mixtures improved growth of potato plantlets in the NCM system.

광독립영양 기내 미세증식 시스템에서 생육단계별 환경조절을 통한 감자의 기내 및 기외 생육과 에너지 효율 향상

오명민(Myung-Min Oh),이훈(Hoon Lee),손정익(Jung Eek Son) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2009 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.18 No.1

이전 실험에서 결정된 생육 단계별 최적 환경조건을 평가하기 위한 4가지 처리는 다음과 같았다: 생육 단계별 최적 환경 조건을 사용한 광독립 영양배양 (photoautotrophic optimum condition with growth stage (POG)), 생육 단계별 평균 광합성 광량자속 밀도 (photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD))와 CO₂ 농도를 사용한 광독립 영양배양(photoautotrophic constant condition with average PPFD and CO₂ of POG(PCA)), 생육 단계별 최대 PPFD와 CO₂ 농도를 사용한 광독립 영양배양(photoautotrophic constant condition with maximum PPFD and CO₂ of POG (PCM) 그리고 대조군으로3%의 당을 포함한 광혼합 영양배양(photomixotrophic conventional condition with 3% sucrose(PMC)). 실험 결과 각 생육 단계별 환경제어(POG)는 기내에서 배양된 감자 소식물체의 모든 생육 관련 항목에서 유의적 증진을 유도하였다. 또한 단위 건물중 당 소비된 전력과 CO₂는 모든 처리 중 POG에서 가장 낮았다. 기외 이식 이후에도 POG에서 생산된 감자 묘는 PMC에서 자란 감자 묘와 전체적으로 큰 차이 없이 왕성한 생육을 유지하였다. 특히 POG는 기존 광혼합 영양방식(PCM)과 비교했을 때 기외 이식전과 이식 후 20일째 각각 4.7배와 3.8배 높은 건물중을 기록하였다. 따라서 POG와 같은 생육 단계별 환경 조절을 통한 광독립 영양 미세 증식 방법은 에너지 절감 효과와 함께 무균의 건강한 감자묘의 생산에 효과적이었다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of optimized environment conditions with growth stage in photoautotrophic micropropagation on the growth of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dejima) plantlets and energy efficiency. Optimum environment conditions at each stage were decided in our previous study. For the evaluation of optimized environment control, potato plantlets were cultured under four different conditions: photoautotrophic optimum conditions of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and CO₂ levels with growth stage (POG), photoautotrophic constant condition with average PPFD and CO₂ levels (PCA), photoauototrophic constant condition with maximum PPFD and CO₂ levels (PCM), and photomixotrophic conventional condition with 3% sucrose (PMC) as control. As a result, environment control with growth stage (POG) significantly promoted all the growth characteristics such as the number of nodes and unfolded leaves, shoot height, shoot diameter, and fresh and dry weights of potato grown in vitro. In addition, based on dry weight consumed electricity and CO₂ were the lowest in POG suggesting the highest energy efficiency among the treatments. After transferring potato plantlets to greenhouse, the plantlets under POG showed vigorous growth, which was pretty similar with those under PMC. The accumulations of dry matter in POG were 4.7 times in vitro and 3.8 times in greenhouse as much as those in the conventional control (PCM). Thus, we concluded that in vitro environment control with growth stage induced vigorous growth of potato plantlets both in vitro and in greenhouse with less energy consumption.

UV-A, B, C 램프의 일시적 조사에 따른 적축면 상추의 생장 및 기능성물질 축적

오명민(Myung-Min Oh),송민정(Min-Jeong Song),이민정(Min-Jeong Lee),손기호(Ki-Ho Son),김은영(Eun-Young Kim) 한국원예학회 2012 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2012 No.5

돈분 퇴비단 여과 액비가 ‘Salanova’ 상추의 생육과 기능성 물질농도에 미치는 영향

김은영, 박봉주, 오명민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.3

In this study, the availability of pig slurry composting and biofiltration (PSCB) solution as an alternative for synthetic nutrient solution was determined by monitoring the growth and phytochemicals of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. ‘Salanova’). This study was conducted from 16 September 2011 to 31 October 2011. PSCB solution treatments were consisted of 1 time dilution (52N), 13 times dilution (4N), 26 times dilution (2N), and 52 times dilution (1N) which were based on the nitrogen concentration of a commercial liquid fertilizer for leafy vegetables (control). Subirrigation system was used to cultivate lettuce plants in pots containing commercial growing medium. As a result, all growth characteristics were the highest at control. Among PSCB treatments, PSCB 52N induced severe growth disorder at 28 days after transplanting (DAT) probably due to too high salinity. PSCB 1N also retarded the growth of ‘Salanova’ lettuce plants. This may be caused by high pH and/or imbalanced other mineral concentration except nitrogen of PSCB solution. In contrast, polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties were more abundant in lettuce with PSCB solution than control. However, further study is required to determine the certain factors of PSCB on the induction of phytochemical biosynthesis pathway. In conclusion, additional strategies should be developed to use PSCB solution as nutrient solution in greenhouses.

고추재배 시 다른 함량의 저마늄이 포함된 이온교환수지의 적용

고상민, 이소라, 오명민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2016 農業科學硏究 Vol.32 No.2

This study was conducted to confirm applicability of ion exchange resins as fertilizers in hot pepper cultivation and to investigate growth response of hot pepper according to different germanium contents of ion exchange resins. Most of vegetative growth characteristics at 5 weeks of transplanting were not significantly different between ion exchange resins treatments and control. In case of AS-63 and AS-64, contained relatively high germanium contents (1.10 and 2.11 mg/L), vegetative growth was inhibited. In reproductive growth, initial fruit yield of ion exchange resins treatments were numerically higher than control. But latter fruit yield of control had rapidly increased, after all, accumulated fruit yield of ion exchange resins treatments were lower than control. Meanwhile, accumulated fruit yield tends to decrease with increase of germanium contents of ion exchange resins. As a result of inorganic elements concentration analysis of shoot, germanium was not detected at unit of ppb, but little amount of it may be absorbed into the plant based on growth inhibition and decreasing of fruit yield in AS-63 and AS- 64. These results suggest that if we find proper treatment contents of ion exchange resins with moderate germanium contents, it can replace conventional fertilizers in hot pepper cultivation.

Comparison of Plant Growth and System Characteristics among Various Subirrigation Methods in Potted Plant Production System

Myung Min Oh(오명민),Jung Eek Son(손정익),Jin Won Kim(김진원) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.6

Analyses of Factors Affecting Water Content of Root Media and Growth of Potted Plant (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ‘New Alter’) in Nutrient-flowing Wick Culture System (NFW)

Myung Min Oh(오명민),Jung Eek Son(손정익) 한국원예학회 2003 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2003 No.5

Comparison of Water Absorption Patterns among Various Subirrgation Methods in Potted Plant Production System

Myung Min Oh(오명민),Jung Eek Son(손정익) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.3